The Foot

The metatarsals are numbered ____ - ____ starting on the medial, or _________ _____, side of the foot

1-5 Great Toe

In general, the arches "______" when weight is applied to the foot and ________ back when the weight on them is removed. A process repeated over and over each time we ______ or ____.

Give Spring Walk/Run

Together, the arches of the foot form a _______-_______ that evenly redistributes our standing and walking weight to our heel bones (___________) and the _______ of our metatarsals, about ____% each.

Half- Dome Calcaneus Heads 50

Theses arches are maintained by the ________ of the foot bones, by strong _____________, and by the pull of some _________ during muscle activity.

Shape Ligaments Tendons

_____ bones make up the phalanges of our toes.

14

The _____ metatarsal bone is larger and stronger than the other 4 and plays an important role in supporting the weight of our bodies.

1st

There are ___ phalanges in each digit except for the _____ digit, or _______ _____, which only has ____, a proximal and distal.

3 1st/ Great Toe 2

Like our hands, our feet have ____ types of joints that hold them together and allow movement

4

The metatarsals consist of ____ small, long bones that make up the _______ of the foot.

5 Sole

The ___ tarsal bones form the ____________ half of the foot and correspond to the _________ bones of the wrist.

7 Proximal Carpal

A segmented structure can hold up weight only if it is _________

Arched

The _____________ is the bone that forms the heel and carries the _______ on its superior surface.

Calcaneus Talus

The ________ bone is the keystone to the lateral longitudinal arch.

Cuboid

The _________ and ___________ bones articulate with the metatarsal bones ___________.

Cuboid Cuneiform Anteriorly

The remaining tarsal bones are the laterally located ________, the medially located _____________ and the 3 bones most anterior, the medial, intermediate and lateral _____________ bones.

Cuboid Navicular Cuneiform

__________, where the metatarsals articulate with the __________ __________of the toes, the enlarged heads of the metatarsals form the "______" of the foot.

Distally Proximal Phalanges Ball

The __________ ______________ arch is very low and elevates the _______ part of the foot just enough to redistribute some of the weight to the ___________ and the head of the _____ metatarsal (the ends of the arch).

Lateral Longitudinal Lateral Calcaneus 5th

The __________ ___________ arches serve as the pillars for the __________ arch, which run ___________ from one side of the foot to the other.

Lateral Longitudinal Transverse Obliquely

These ___________ and _________ give the foot a certain amount of springiness.

Ligaments Tendons

If you examine a wet footprint, you will see that the _________ margin from the heel to the head of the 1st metatarsal leaves no print because the _________ _________________arch curves up, well above the ground.

Medial Medial longitudinal

The phalanges of our feet are much __________ than those of our hands, and as a result are much less _________.

Smaller Nimble

However, while smaller, their ___________ and ___________ are the same as the phalanges found in our hands.

Structure Arrangement

Our body's weight is carried by mostly by the two largest and most posterior tarsal bones; the ________ (also known as the _____________) and the ______________.

Talus Astragalus Calcaneus

The ________ bone serves as the keystone of the _________ arch, which originates at the ___________, rises to the _______, and then descends to the 3 ________ metatarsals.

Talus Medial Calcaneus Talus Medial

The ________ articulates with the_______ and _________, forming the ________ joint.

Talus Tibia/Fibula Ankle

The ____________ arch is formed by the_______ of the metatarsals __________ and the _________ and__________ bones _____________.

Transverse Bases Anteriorly Cuboid/Cuneiform Posteriorly

Plantar Flexion

movement at the ankle joint that points the foot downwards away from the leg, or movement of the toes that curls them down towards the sole.

Eversion

turning the foot laterally resulting in the sole moving outward.

Inversion

turning the foot medially resulting in the sole moving inward.

Dorsiflexion

upward or backward flexion of a part of the body.

Its skeleton consists of:

•7 Tarsal bones •5 Metatarsal bones •14 Phalanges

The 4 joints are:

•Distal interphalangeal joints •Proximal interphalangeal joints •metatarsophalangeal joints •Tarsometatarsal joints

The foot has 3 arches:

•Medial longitudinal arch •Lateral longitudinal arch •Transverse arch

The foot has two functions:

•Support our bodies weight •Act as a lever to propel us forward as we walk and run