The Glorious Revolution, England's Bill of Rights, and European Art Culture: AP Euro, pp. 474-485
Nicolas Poussin
French painter. Founder and greatest practitioner of 17th century French classicism. Poussin's work embodies the virtues of clarity, logic, and order.
Jean-Baptiste Moliere
French playwrite: catered to the upper class, the aristocrats. His comedies mocked religion but Louis XIV thought it was funny
Judith Leyster
established her own painting career, first female member of the painting guild of Saint Luke in Haarlem, her work focused on everyday life.
The Toleration Act of 1689
granted puritan dissenters the right of free public worship (Catholics were excluded)
Baroque
most embraced by the Catholic reform movement, sought to unite classical ideals and feelings of sixteenth-century religious revival. Characterized by use of dramatic effect.
Rembrandt van Rijn
protestant. greatest Dutch artists of the period-prolific and successful; painted portraits of wealthy middle-class merchants, lost public support and died bankrupt.
What was the focus of Dutch art?
realistic protrayal of everyday life
The Blackfriars
roofed English theater, held 500 spectators.
The Tories
supported the king, although they did not like that he was Catholic, because they believed that Parliament should not tamper with lawful sucession to the throne.
Who became the cultural leader in the second half of the seventeenth century?
France
Peter Paul Rubens
Flemish master painter is the most famous Baroque artist who studied Michelangelo in Italy and took that Renaissance style to the next level of drama, motion, color, religion and animation, which is portrayed in his paintings
Charles II returned to England after what?
11 years of exile
John Locke
17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property, wrote Two Treatises of Government.
Jean Baptiste Racine
A French dramatist, perfected the French neoclassic tragic style, one of the "Big Three" of 17th-century France and one of the most important literary figures in the Western tradition
Glorious Revolution
A reference to the political events of 1688-1689, when James II abdicated his throne and was replaced by his daughter Mary and her husband, Prince William of Orange.
French late classicism
Art movement of the French to stay within the style of the renaissance, with an emphasis on clarity, simplicity, balance and harmony of design.
Mannerism
Artistic movement against the Renaissance ideals of symmetry, balance, and simplicity; went against the perfection the High Renaissance created in art. Used elongated proportions, twisted poese and compression of space.
What did Cromwell do to meet the cost of military government?
Cromwell levied a 10 percent land tax on all of the former royalists.
El Greco
Domenikos Theotokopoulos, famous mannerist artist.
The Instrument of Government
England's first and only written constitution
Thomas Hobbes
English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings, wrote the Leviathan.
William Shakespeare
English poet and playwright lived during the Elizabethan era considered one of the greatest writers of the English language; works include Julius Caesar, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, and Hamlet.
What did Charles II do to foil the plans to dethrone him?
He dismissed parliament in 1681and relied solely on French subsidies.
Who took the throne after Charles II?
His brother James II
What was parliament's Test Act of 1673?
It said that only Anglicans could hold military and civil offices.
What was Charles II's Declaration of Indulgence?
It suspended any laws that parliament had made against Catholics or dissenters.
Artemisia Gentileschi
Italian painter, daughter of Orazio Gentileschi, who was a major follower of the revolutionary Baroque painter Caravaggio. painted Judith Beheading Holofernes, the first woman to be elected to the Florentine Academy of Design.
What did the Bill of Right affirm?
Parliament's right to make laws and levy taxes, and made it impossible for the King to oppose or do without Parliament.
Who invited who to invade England?
Seven prominent, English noblemen invited William the orange.
Where were the first professional Spanish theaters founded?
Seville and Madrid
Lope de Vega
Standard of playwrights set by him in the 1580s. He wrote an extraordinary number of plays, perhaps 1,500, almost 500 of them survive. They have been characterized as witty,charming, action-packed, and realistic.
What could religious unrest during the reign if Charles II?
The cavalier parliament restored the Anglican church as the official church of England. They also passed laws forcing Catholics and dissenters to conform to the Anglican church. Charles was sympathetic towards the Catholics, but James, Charles' brother was openly Catholic.
What ended England's time of troubles?
The restoration of the Stuart monarchy,
How did Louis XIV use theatre?
To attract attention to his monarchy
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
baroque Italian architect and sculptor, famous for Saint Peter's Basilica
What were the right of citizens written in the Bill of Rights?
bear arms, petition to the sovereign, have a jury trial, and not be subject to excessive bail.
What stipulation made it impossible for the King to oppose the Bill of RIghts?
by stipulating that there could only be a standing army with Parliament's consent.
The Revolution Settlement
confirmed William and Mary as monarchs
Parliament's Bill of Rights laid framework for what form of government?
constitutional monarchy
James II's Declaration of Indulgence
suspended all laws barring Catholics and Dissenters from office.
The globe
the circular, unroofed theater of which Shakespeare was part owner, held 3000 spectators.
The Whigs
wanted to exclude James and establish a protestant king with toleration of the dissenters.
What reached new height in England and Spain between 1580 and 1640?
writing, specifically in the vernacular.
