The Great Lakes
According to the 2014 gov. Report four ways that the great lakes area will change are:
-More 90+ degree days -Forest will change as trees that prefer cooler temperatures -expect many heavy rainfall events -warmer temperatures will change the numbers and species of aquatic plants and animals that will live in the Great Lakes.
How has increased agriculture in the Great Lakes basin resulted in oxegan depletion in the Great Lakes?
-Over fertilizing, leads to rapid green growth. -Increasing plant life eventually dies and goes to the bottom -The organisms that break down the plants use up oxygen dissolved in the water near the bottom -less oxygen result in death of aquatic life -depletion of oxygen through decomposition.
Three things the USA can do about the water shortages.
1 fix pipes. 2 reduce consumption. 3. Copy mother natures ideas: green roof bioswail r two examples.
How many jobs are directly connected to the Great Lakes, and how much money does it generate?
1.5 million jobs, $62 billion in wages.
What percentage do the great lakes make up of the worlds fresh surface water?
20%
How many people inhabit the Great Lakes watershed?
33 million people (1/10th the population of USA, 1/3rd of Canada)
What are responsible for most lakes?
Glaciers. Thousand of kettle lakes found in Wisconsin and Minnesota formed it way.
What are some of the world contaminants?
Heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), carbon dioxide, and DDT (a pesticide)
What happens in the winter to the Great Lakes?
In the winter the energy absorbed by the lake water is gradually released to the atmosphere, making the air over the water warmer than that over the land. In other words, the lakes act as a heat source.
Facts about invasive species.
Invasive species are non-native to the ecosystem under considerations. Their introduction causes or is likely to cause Economic or environmenta Harm or harm to human health. Invasive species have wrecked havoc on the ecosystems of the Great Lakes.
What are Salt lakes?
Salt lakes are found throughout the world. Their high salt concentrations make them among most inhospitable places on the planet. The greatest of all salt lakes, the Dead Sea, is not really named appropriately. It is a lake, not a sea. And it is not completely dead. A few rugged species of bacteria and algae live in it.
What does seawater contain!
Seated contains 35000 parts per million in dissolved substances.
What is water that is actually derived from a spring called?
Spring water.
What term is used to describe places where groundwater appears on earths surface.
Spring.
What is an oasis?
Springs are even found in the desert, where they create an oasis.
What 5 lakes are included in the Great Lakes system?
Superior, Huron, Michigan, Eirie, and Ontario.
What does the Great Lakes basin include?
The Great Lakes basin includes all the land that- when it rains- the water will make its way into one of the Great Lakes.
How much do the Great Lakes contain
The Great Lakes contained only 110 ppm in dissolved substances.
What is the longest river in the world?
The Nile.
Lake level is the height of the Great Lakes relative to sea level. Lake level changes are caused by variations in what 6 things?
Precipitation, evaporation, runoff, snowmelt, as well as win and waves.
What is water from any source (including municipal water supply) that has been filtered?
Purified water.
What does rainwater contain?
Rainwater contains between 30 and 40 ppm of dissolved substances.
The first nonindigenous fish species in the Great Lakes have agreeable been the most destructive, what are they?
The sea lamprey.
What is the looming water crisis?
The worlds water supply is running out. Already one in six has no access to safe drinking water.
Water myth #2: the water crisis has nothing to do with the USA. What is the issue with the use of water from the Colorado River by Las Vegas and Phoenix!
A canal that connects the Colorado River to the Phoenix metrpolital area drains 20% if the river hovered am.
Why is the Dead Sea so salty?
A few million year ago, the Dead Sea was connected with the Mediterranean. But as the polar ice caps grew during the last major ice age, ocean waters receded, land locking the Dead Sea and leaving it surrounded by deep beds of salt. The combination of water evaporation, the dissolution of the salt beds, and human drainage has resulted in the lake as it is known today.
What is a lake?
A lake is defined as a body of non-marine water. This is a board definition that includes everything from the mighty Lake Superior to a small forest pond.
What is a river?
A river is a large natural stream of water emptying into an ocean, lake, or other body of water course by converging tributaries.
What exactly is a Watershed?
A wastershed describes an area of land that contains a common set of streams and rivers that all drain into a larger body of water.
What are pathogens?
A. When there is a lot of rain in urban areas, run off from pavement sidewalks and parking lots overwhelm sewer systems. Large volumes of untreated sewage combines with the run off and directly enters waterways. B. The raw savage results in unwanted organisms entering the water, including those that can cause bacterial, viral and parasite diseases through direct body contact with contaminated water. C. Preventing disease transmission of this kind usually means closing affected beaches during the summer when the water is warm and when bacteria from human and animal feces reach higher concentrations.
The coastlines of the Great Lake would stretch how much around the world?
Almost halfway, 44%
What are Aquifers?
Aquifers are subterranean reservoirs of water.
What are aquifers?
Aquifers see natural underground areas of earth, gravel, or porous stone that contains groundwater. They supply about half of the worlds freshwater supply.
What is bottled water from a well that taps a confined aquifer?
Artesian water/ artesian well water.
What is bio Magnification?
Bio magnification describes a pre coeds that results in the accumulation of a chemical in an organism at higher levels than are found in its food. It occurrs when a chemical becomes more and more concentrated as it moves up through a food chain the dietary linkages between singe called plants and increasingly larger animal species.
Many of the pollutants in the Great Lakes are known to ________
Bioaccumulate .
Water myth #3: with 5.3 billion people expected to experience water shortages by 2025- this is just too big of a problem to solve.
Clean water could be obtained for these people for just 30 dollars a day by such simple techniques as wells, boreholes, and rainwater harvesting. Home water filters can remove debris, viruses, bacteria, and chemicals from contaminated water.
List four factors that might determine the temp at a given site within one of the lakes
Depth, volume, weather, run off
What is the most productive lake called?
Eutrophic.
Facts about Ogallala aquifer
It underlines 8 states and probably contains as much fresh water as one of the Great Lakes. It is the single most important water source on the high plains. Almost half of the water in the Ogallala has been drawn by people living in the area for drinking and, primarily, for irrigation of crops. Because of the rate of withdrawn far exceeds the rate of discharge, hydrologists feat the Ogallala may dry up in the next 15-20 years.
There are lakes under ur feet! ****! If it were pumped to the earths surface wut wud happen?
It would cover all land to a depth of over 1000 feet
Which lake is exposed to the greatest effects from urbanization and agriculture?
Lake Erie.
Which lake is frequently the only Great Lake to freeze over in the winter and rabidly warm in the spring and summer?
Lake Erie.
Which lake is the shallowest of the Great Lakes (averaging only 62 feet) and overall the smallest by volume?
Lake Erie.
Which lake is the warmest and most biologically productive?
Lake Erie.
Which lake has the largest shoreline of the Great Lakes, counting the shorelines of its 30,000 islands?
Lake Huron
Which lake is home to many ship wrecks and the lakes average depth is 195 feet?
Lake Huron
Which lake is the third largest of the Great Lakes by volume, holding nearly 850 cubic miles of water?
Lake Huron.
The largest freshwater sand dunes line the shores of what Lake?
Lake Michigan
Which Lake is the second largest according to volume?
Lake Michigan
Which is the only lake entirely within the border of the US?
Lake Michigan
Hydro logically speaking, what lakes are actually 'one'?
Lake Michigan and Huron
Which lake has the same surface area as Lake Erie, but is much deeper containing 4 times as much water?
Lake Ontario.
Which lake lies 325 ft below Lake Erie, at the base of Niagara Falls?
Lake Ontario.
What lake could fit all the other Great Lakes plus three additional lakes the size of Lake Erie?
Lake Superior
What lake is the largest in surface area and volume and has the largest surface area of any freshwater lake?
Lake Superior
Which Lake is the coldest and the deepest and the deepest point reaches 1,332 feet?
Lake Superior
What is the lake effect snow?
Lake-effect snow forms in the winter when cold air masses move over warmer lake waters. As the warm lake water heats the bottom layer of the air, lake moisture evaporates into the cold air. Since warm air is lighter and less dense the cold air, it rises and begins to cool. The moisture that evaporates into the air condenses and forms clouds, and snow begins falling.
What is another way a lake can be made?
Lakes can also be made by human activity. Lake Mead in Nevada, for example, was made by the damming of the Colorado River. Nearby Skokie is another man made lake system.
Why do rivers meander?
Meandering is a result of many factors. Extra strong rock or soil types may provide barriers that make rivers move around them. Water on the outer part of the curve moves faster than water on the inner edge. The faster moving water erodes the land, while deposition of sediment occurs at the inner edge. When the meander is pinched off, an oxbow lake forms.
What are lakes with intermediate productivity called?
Mesotrophic.
What are some of the major waterfalls in the world?
Niagara Falls is an immense boiling cauldron wherein 11700000 cubic feet of water drop 160 feet on its way from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean. Victoria falls is the largest single curtain of falling water in the world. It creates spectacle rainbows when the water gets high. Angel falls in vensuala ks the tallest water fall in the world over 1000 feet taller than any other waterfall.
Water myth #1: is it true that water covers about two/ third of the earths surface?
No. The ocean contains 97.5 (too salty to drink) Of the 2.5 of the worlds water that is not salty, over 2/3rds is unavailable because it's locked up in the ice caps and glaciers. Of what is left, about 20% is in remote areas, and much of the rest arrives at the wrong time and place, as monsoons and floods.
What are the least productive lakes called?
Oligotrophic.
What is one of the worlds greatest aquifers?
One of the worlds greatest aquifers is the Ogallala aquifer found in the western USA.
What percentage of North Americas fresh surface water is in the great lakes?
Over 90%
What exactly are seiches?
These result when winds or changes in barometric pressure cause water to pile up on one side of the lake. When the pressure difference subsides or the wind stops, the water slops back and forth for many hours.
What are deltas?
They are low, watery land masses that form at the mouth of rivers. They are made by the accumulation of sediment carried by a river as it runs into the sea. Their soils tend to be very rich and fertile.
This means that concentrations of the chemicals are stored in fatty tissue and are not 'flushed out'
Tru
Tru or false, with the development of industry and agriculture around the Great Lakes, millions of tons of pollution and fertilizers have entered the Great Lakes?
Tru
True or false, during the ice age, huge blocks of ice were buried under the soil. When the ice age ended, the blocks melted, leaving the lakes.
Tru
True or false, during the summer the Great Lakes absorb energy?
Tru
True or false, over half of Illinois borders are defined by rivers?
Tru bra, the missippi defines the entire western border of our state. The Ohio and wabash rivers define the south and southeastern parts of the state.
What conditions affect the temperature changes experienced by the lakes?
Volume, climate, and temp.
What happens in the spaces between underground rocks and sand and other materials?
Water collects.
Is it true that as in the case with surface water, water underground is constantly on the move, although it's flow rate is much slower than most surface water?
Yuh.