The Progressive Presidents

Smith-lever Act

Federal grants to states that support agricultural education programs.it helped farmers learn new agricultural techniques with the introduction of home instruction- farmers get governemnt money this gives them solid income.

What was Roosevelts view of government in business?

Government should serve as a mediator, not a champion of interests. New Nationalism - The president and government should regulate business and industry for the good of the people. Hepburn Act- gave government the right to regulate the rail roads and gave more power the ICC- a watchdog agency.

Meat inspection act ( before Food and Drug)

Posed laws to prevent adulterate or misbranded meat and meat products from being sold as food and to insure the meat and meat products were slaughtered and processed in sanitary conditions -> the jungle

Food and Drug act

Restricted the sale of dangerous medicine and led to inquiries about the content of some products

How did Teddy Roosevelt feel about social reform*

Roosevelt believed in corporate regulation, , conservation of natural resources and Consumer protection. He wanted to control trusts and did so through the Northern Security decision. For Consumer Protection Roosevelt passed the Food And Drug Act. He believed in rights for both business owners and workers, and supported that in the 1902 Anthracite coal strike.

New Nationalism

Roosevelt believed that in a modern industrial society, large corporations were inevitable and necessary, what was needed was a strong president and increased power in the hands of the federal government.

Bull Moose Party

Started by Theodore Roosevelt as the Progressive party they supported : 8 hour wrk day, six-day workweek, child labor laws under 16, federal accident, old age and unemployment insurance, and women's suffrage.

Roosevelt's degree of commitment success*

Successful in giving power to the executive branch, conservation of resources and land, took on the Northern Security Company Rail-Road to take power from wall-street and give it to the government

Taft's Philosophy agenda *

Taft believed that all trusts were bad trusts and broke up both good and bad ones, he believed in an eight hour work day and passed a federal income tax. He alienated the progressives though, through not lowering tariffs and firing pinchot,

Taft's degree of commitment success

Taft destroyed many trusts but he alienated the progressives because he was passive in lowering tariffs and fired chief forester pinchot, the progressives bolted from the republican party and voted democrat.

Ballinger-Pinchot Affair

Taft fired the head forester Pinchot after Pinchot accused on of Taft's men of selling valuable land in alaska to oil companies

How did William Taft handle trusts?

Taft passed the Sherman-Antitrust act and was a "trust buster" he broke up both good and bad trusts .

ICC

Watchdog, police and watch over commerce , give government new supervisory powers

When did TR make the executive branch more powerful?

When he took on the Northern Security Company and took power from the companies/wallstreet and gave it to the government

Wilson's Political Philosophy Agenda

Wilson believed that monopoly should be destroyed not regulated, and he wanted to lower tariffs. He advocated New Freedom,that limited government with open competition was the best way and " bigness" or too much federal power was bad.

Wilson dealing with social reform *

Wilson passed the Keating-Owing Bill to regulate child labor Women's Suffrage- 19th amendment He segregated the federal employees 18th amendement - prohibition funded the Birth of a Nation movie

Wilson dealing with business

Wilson passed the Underwood Simmons tax to lower tariffs, and he passed the Federal Trade Commission, to make sure businesses abided by government regulations. And he passed the Clayton anti-trust act to prevent unfair trading practices and break up little trusts

Wilson Degree's of Success

Wilson was successful in regulating business and passing social reforms for women at the end of his term. He was not successful in rights for african americans.

Teddy Roosevelt's Political philosophy agenda

a vision of moderate change, and The Square Deal = giving both workers and businessmen fair deals and fair rights. Government should be a mediator not a champion of interests.

Why was the Election of 1912 significant?

because important ideas about the proper relation of government in industrial society were discussed for the first time

Department of Commerce and Labor

controlled the excess of big business

Hetchy Hetchy controversy

dispute over the construction of a dam that naturalists wanted to keep clear, conservationists said that a dam would be a better use of the land.

What was Roosevelt's view on education?

educated public opinion could wipe out the worst corporate abuses with government investigation

Mann-Elkins Act

gave government regulatory power over the railroad companies - taft-tried to kill secret rebates that were given to some customers but not others

conservation

government property, some lands that you can't develop, *yellowstone

Hepburn Act *

government right to regulate the railroads - roosevelt - gave more power to watchdog agency - ICC -> tried to kill secret rebates that were given to some customers but not others

Why did Teddy Roosevelt run for president the second time

he had a deal with carnegie that the wouldn't question the methods carnegie brought the economy back with and that he wouldn't run for president. Then the steel industry was taken to court and Roosevelt was free to run

Hepburn act

increased power of the interstate commerce commission , eliminated use of rebates by railroads , gave ICC the right to investigate and enforce rates

Payne Aldrich Tariff -

passed by Taft, A Tariff that didn't make the tariff costs go down and in some cases made them go up, made progressives angry they thought it fueled the eastern industries

Federal Trade Commission

passed by Wilson - determined if business practices met government regulations ,government could move against corporations that restricted competition

Federal Reserve Act and who passed it

passed by Wilson -system of regional banks supervised by a presidentially appointed board to regulate currency supply, and created a flexible currency based off reserve notes

Clayton Antitrust Act

passed by wilson , Prohibited various unfair trading practices ,interlocking directorate corporations couldn't purchase stock in other corporations- strengthened the Sherman act- stopped ruinous price cutting, protected labor, specified bad things companies couldn't do.

Underwood-Simmons Tariff

passed by wilson - imposed federal income tax and lowered basic tariff rates

Newlands Act

provided federal funding for construction of dams, reservoirs, and canals in the west - created national parks " yellowstone" ( uses money from land sales)

What was Roosevelt's view of how reforms could influence the public

responsible reform could protect USA from radical challenges.

1902 Anthracite Coal Strike

roosevelt sided against the owners of the mine and threatened to send troops to close the mine down if the workers were not satisfied. * first time the gov. has sided with the workers

taft social reforms

seventeenth amendments ( direct election of senators) sixteenth amendment - graduated income tax

Taft dealing with business *

taft believed that big businesses should be broken up, that all trusts were bad trusts, he filed suits against monopolies and passed the Sherman Anti-trust act, outlawing monopolistic business practices. He also passed the Mann-Elkins act which put communications under ICC control

Roosevelt Square Deal

the name of the presidential agenda by theodore roosevelt, designed to give everyone a fair deal on things , miners, owners, to give both fair rights. ( anthracite coal strike mediation)

What were Wilson and Tafts hold on the executive branch

they gave it more power, wilson addressed congress with his agenda personally, unlike former presidents

New Freedom

wilson believed that monopolies should be destroyed not regulated , limited government with open competition was the best way. The curse of bigness and too much federal power was bad.

Keating-Owing Bill

woodrow wilson passed a national movement for child-labor regulation, it limits the working hours of children and forbids the interstate sale of child made products