Theology II (PCat) - Chapter Three Test

What similes does Luke use to describe the descent of the Holy Spirit?

"Like a rush of mighty wind" and "tongues as of fire distributed and resting on each of them."

Pentecost

A Jewish festival, fifty days after Passover, celebrating the giving of the Law to Moses

Charism

A specific gift or grace of the Holy Spirit that directly or indirectly benefits the Church

Describe the gift of tongues (languages) that the apostles receive on Pentecost.

After they were given the gift of tongues, the people who heard the Apostles speak could hear it in their own native language.

People of God

All the faithful from among humanity who seek and desire to know and love God

What is the "quo vadis" story/tradition?

As persecution in Rome continued, St. Peter tried to leave Rome. He encounters Jesus on the road out of Rome and says to him "Domine quo vadis?" which translates into "Lord where are you going?" Jesus tells him that he is going back to Rome to be crucified. Peter then knows that he needs to go back and Christ for Roman Christians.

What are some examples that Peter had a place of primacy among the apostles?

Christ gave him the keys, he is a part of the Inner Three, Christ calls Peter the Rock, Peter is first to enter the empty tomb, Peter called for the replacement of Judas, he spoke for Apostles on the day of Pentecost, Peter performed the first miracle, he speaks on behalf of the Apostles who were arrested by Jewish authorities.

How is Peter's position foreshadowed in the Old Testament?

David appointed prime minister from among his 12 chief servants, just like Christ appoints one of the 12 Apostles to have primacy over the others. Also, both positions were identified by a sign of his office - keys.

Martyr

Greek for "witness."A witness to the truth of the Faith in which a Christian endures suffering and even death for Christ

How did St. John the Evangelist die?

He died of old age, but people still tried to kill him. Domitian tried to have John killed by dipping him in boiling oil, but he came out unharmed.

Where does Judas go?

He doesn't spread the faith - he's dead.

Where did St. Paul go?

He goes to Rome. He MIGHT have made it to Spain. He eventually meets with other Apostles in Jerusalem.

What made St. Paul an excellent candidate to be the Apostle to the gentiles?

He had a classical education, which meant that he could speak their language and understand their culture. He had training in philosophy, meaning he could make distinction in Christian doctrine. He had an extensive knowledge of the Old Testament, so he could counter objects of Jewish authorities. Roman citizenship also kept him safe while he preached.

How is St. Matthew portrayed?

He is portrayed as a writer and an angel with him.

How is St. James the Lesser portrayed?

He is portrayed with a club/rod.

How is St. Bartholomew portrayed?

He is portrayed with a coat of skin draping over him.

How is St. Peter portrayed?

He is portrayed with a cross and keys.

How is St. Phillip portrayed?

He is portrayed with a cross and loaves of bread.

How is St. James the Greater portrayed?

He is portrayed with a cross that looks like a sword/dagger and a seashell. The seashell comes from a fisherman that fell out of his boat at sea and prayed to St. James. When he was pulled aboard, a seashell was found on him.

How is St. Jude Thaddeus portrayed?

He is portrayed with a flame crowned head, an image of Jesus, and a rod/club.

How is St. Thomas portrayed?

He is portrayed with a spear.

How is St. Paul portrayed?

He is portrayed with a sword and writing instruments (Most of his letters were written before the Gospels).

How is St. Andrew portrayed?

He is portrayed with an X-shaped cross.

How is St. Matthias portrayed?

He is portrayed with an axe.

How is St. John the Evangelist portrayed?

He is portrayed writing (He wrote the Gospel of John) and has no weapon of death. Sometimes his symbol is an eagle.

Who was St. Bartholomew?

He is referred to as Nathanial in Scriptures and his name means "Son of Toma".

Who was St. James the Greater?

He is the brother of St. John, the son of Zebedee. He was a fisherman and one member of the Inner Three.

Where did St. James the Lesser go?

He remains in Jerusalem, becomes a Bishop of Jerusalem, and presides over the council.

Who was St. Matthias?

He replaces Judas the betrayer. He was with the Apostles/Christ from the beginning.

Where did St. James the Greater go?

He stayed in Jerusalem.

Who was St. Peter?

He was a fisherman - son of a fisherman - and he was considered "the first among equals" with the Apostles.

Who was St. Matthew?

He was a tax-collector. His full name is Matthew Levi, Matthew being his Greek name and Levi his Hebrew one. He was a Gospel writer whose audience was the Jews. His Gospel was written in Aramaic.

Who was Judas?

He was a zealot. He betrayed Jesus, and he was not misunderstood as some say. He was replaced by St. Matthias.

How did St. James the Greater die?

He was beheaded by Herod - the first Apostle to die.

How did St. Andrew die?

He was crucified in the shape of an X by the governor of Patros.

How did St. Phillip die?

He was crucified.

Who was St. Thomas?

He was doubting Thomas from scripture. Another name for him is Didymus.

How did St. Thomas die?

He was killed by a spear.

How was St. Matthias killed?

He was killed by a stoning, and then his head was chopped off with an axe.

How did St. James the Lesser die?

He was killed by being thrown from the temple, shoved, and then beaten with clubs. He died praying for his murderers.

How did St. Jude Thaddeus die?

He was killed by rod/clubs and his head was shattered by an axe.

How did St. Peter die?

He was killed in the persecution of Christians by Nero - Crucified upside down.

How did St. Paul die?

He was killed with a sword and his head was chopped off.

How did St. Matthew die?

He was martyred.

What happened to St. Paul during his travels?

He was shipwrecked; beaten, whipped, and hit with rods on several occasions; thrown in prison; stoned, dragged out of town, and left for dead; left adrift at sea for days; and snuck out o the town of Domascus by being placed in a basket and lowered down a wall.

How did St. Bartholomew die?

He was skinned alive.

Who was St. James the Lesser?

He was the Son of Alphaeus.

Who was St. John the Evangelist?

He was the brother of James, son of Zebedee. He was a fisherman.

Who was St. Jude Thaddeus?

He was the brother of St. James the Lesser. He is called Thaddeus sometimes so we don't confuse him with Judas the Betrayer.

Who was St. Andrew?

He was the brother of St. Peter; a fishermen.

Who was St. Paul?

He wasn't one of the original 12. He became an Apostle to the Gentiles, and was an expert in Jewish law. He was believed to be a tent maker.

Where did St. Phillip go?

He went to Greece, Syria, and Turkey.

Where did St. Thomas go?

He went to Iran, Turkmenistan, and India.

Where did St. Jude Thaddeus go?

He went to Judea and Mesopotamia.

Where did St. Matthew go?

He went to Judea, Turkey/Greece, and Ethiopia. He traveled to places with high concentrations of Jews.

Where did St. Bartholomew go?

He went to Persia.

Where did St. Peter go?

He went to Rome.

Where did St. Andrew go?

He went to Russia/Ukraine.

Where did St. Matthias go?

He went to modern day Georgia.

Where did St. John the Evangelist go?

He went to the island of Patmos.

Saint

In its more specific sense, any individual who has died and been canonized by the Catholic Church

Keys of the Kingdom

In the OT, the sign of the office of prime minister, who is appointed by the king to have primacy over all his other servants

What does "Vicar of Christ" mean?

It means that Pope is successor to St. Peter and has authority of the King - Christ - himself.

What was the Jewish feast of Pentecost celebrating in relation to Moses and the Law?

It was a feast celebrating the end of the grain harvest, while also being a feast to celebrate when Moses was given the Law.

What was Peter's first sermon (what three things did he say about Jesus)?

Jesus is the long-awaited Messiah, he was crucified and rose from the dead, and Jesus now sits at the right hand of God in Heaven.

Did the persecution of the church stop the apostles from preaching?

No

How did Judas die?

One Gospel says he hung himself, and another says he fell down and his entrails come out. A Jewish curse said that an unfaithful person will have his entrails come out.

What kind of authority does Peter have?

Peter and the popes have full, supreme, and universal power.

Which apostle did not die a martyr's death?

St. John the Evangelist

Who replaced Judas?

St. Matthias.

Which apostle called to replace Judas?

St. Peter

Vicar of Christ

Term used for the Pope that emphasizes his role as a representative of Christ himself

Sacred Scripture

The Bible

Sacred Tradition

The Church's teachings that have been passed down through the ages

Heaven

The eternal state of supreme and definitive happiness with God

Baptism

The first of the Seven Sacraments

Rock

The literal meaning of the name Peter

What was the criterion St. Peter laid out for Judas's successor?

The new Apostle had to have been with Christ from the beginning, witnessing both his Baptism and his Resurrection.

Primacy of Peter

The position of being first in rank or authority

Mass

The principal sacramental celebration and worship of the Catholic Church, established by Jesus at the Last Supper

Why were the martyrs in the church held in high esteem?

They imitated Christ to the point of dying out of love for him.

What did the apostles do between Ascension and the Descent of the Holy Spirit (Pentecost)?

They returned to Jerusalem to the Upper Room where they celebrated the Last Supper.

How is Stephen's death like that of Christ's?

They were both murdered/physically abused, they both prayed for their killers, they were both accused of blasphemy/put on trial, both trials involved false witnesses against them, both were killed for beliefs/who they were, and both reached shortly before their death.

What are 6 of the ways that the Holy spirit is still active and working in the Church?

Though the Pope and Bishops, in Sacred Scripture, in the Sacraments, in the gifts of the Holy Spirit, in the fruits of the Holy Spirit, and through special graces.

To what does "The Primacy of Peter" refer?

To the authority of Christ given to St. Peter and the Popes.

What has been one constant with the role of the papacy?

When disagreement and conflict arise in the Church, it is the Pope who has the authority to resolve and clarify matters of faith and morals and maintain the unity of faith.