Thinking & Intelligence and Memory Pretest (4/11 - 4/24)

concepts

______ are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences.

morpheme

a ______ is the smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning.

one piece of information versus all of the information

an anchoring bias occurs when you focus on ______.

explicit memories are memories we consciously try to remember and recall, while implicit memories are those that are not part of our consciousness.

how is an explicit memory different from an implicit memory?

fluid

navigating your way home through an unfamiliar route due to road construction would draw upon your ______ intelligence.

hindsight bias

niaz's car breaks down, and he is convinced that it was a predictable event even though there was no way of knowing it would happen. this exemplifies ______.

logical-mathematical

nima excels at working with numbers in subjects such as calculus and algebra. this exemplifies ______ intelligence.

acoustic

pan finds it difficult to learn the alphabet, until he hears the alphabet song. then he can easily remember it. this is an example of ______ encoding.

was culturally unfair as the tests were normed and standardized using white children

parents of african american students filed a case against the state of california in 1979 because they believed the testing method used to identify students with learning disabilities________.

modified the way witnesses are questioned

which of the following is a way police have changed their interrogation techniques to lower the risk of false memory syndrome? police have ______.

using the acronym "HOMES" to remember the names of the five great lakes

which of the following is an example of a mnemonic device?

patriotism

which of the following is an example of an abstract, complex concept?

stay up the night before your exam to maximize the amount of time you have to study

which of the following is not a way you can use what you know about memory to help you remember the names of all 50 states?

the amygdala is involved in the process of transferring new learning into long-term memory.

which of the following statements about the amygdala is correct?

hippcampus

which part of my brain is probably damaged if i am unable to recognize basic objects around my house?

12 months old

at what age can babies only discriminate among those phonemes that are used in the language(s) in their environments?

thinking about the meaning of the new information and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory

elaborative rehearsal involves ______.

bias

forgetting anything good that happened on your trip to france because you just broke up with your french fiancée and now can't bear the thought of anything french is a good example of ______: memories are distorted by your current belief system.

availability heuristic

illnesses such as diabetes and stomach cancer kill more than twice the number of americans than murder or car accidents. however, zale sees car accidents as more dangerous because he often hears about car accident fatalities on the nightly news, and he doesn't know anyone with diabetes or stomach cancer. therefore, zale takes more precautions against car accidents. this exemplifies ______.

relearning

kenethia enjoys knitting. when she begins college, she has less time for knitting and finally stops altogether. after graduation, she wants to knit again, so she practices with her needles until she is good at it again. this is an example of ______, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system.

bodily kinesthetic

lauren is gifted in the area of body movement. her ability to balance and coordinate her body's movement enables her to do well in basketball, baseball, and field hockey. which area of intelligence does this exemplify?

encoding failure

lisa puts five quarters into the parking meter every time she goes downtown. however, when asked, lisa cannot say if the head on a quarter is facing left or right. this may be an example of ______, because lisa never paid attention to the picture in the first place.

suggestibility

which concept describes the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories?

one standard deviation above the mean

the average score on an IQ test is 100. In modern IQ testing, one standard deviation is 15 points. someone with an IQ of 115 would be described as ______.

revealed a genetic component to intelligence

what did the minnesota study of twins reared apart suggest about intelligence? the findings from this study ______.

another part of the brain would compensate for the damage by taking over the memory function normally managed by the hippocampus

what does the equipotentiality hypothesis suggest would happen if the hippocampus was damaged?

focusing on information that confirms you existing beliefs

what is confirmation bias?

the placement of the phrases "level I" and "level II" should be switched.

what should be changed to make the following sentence true "arthur jensen theorized that level I intelligence is responsible for conceptual and analytical abilities while level II intelligence is responsible for rote memorization."

misinformation effect paradigm

when benito was five he cut his leg on some glass and needed stiches. years later, his mother tells him the scar came from being bit by a dog. now, when people ask about his scar he distinctly remembers the dog biting him. this is an example of the ______.

retrograde; anterograde

when experiencing ______ amnesia, you experience loss of memory for events that occurred prior to the trauma. when experiencing ______ amnesia, you cannot remember new information.