Thinking & Intelligence and Memory Test (4/11 - 4/24)

emotion; memory

______ and ______ are powerful influences on both our thoughts and behaviors.

atkinson-shiffrin model

aleah remembers that her dog is named rocky and her cat is named skipper, but she can't remember the name of her first grade teacher's dog and cat. this is an example of ______.

one piece of information versus all of the informatio

an anchoring bias occurs when you focus on ______.

chunking

elena finds it very difficult to remember a long string of numbers, so she tries to memorize three numbers at a time. later, she is able to repeat the numbers correctly because she grouped the numbers into more manageable groups of three. this is an example of ______.

mild

emily is an adult with a 4th-grade skill level in reading, writing, and math. her doctor suggests there is no reason she can't find a job and live independently. which subtype of intellectual disability describes emily?

explicit memories are memories we consciously try to remember and recall, while implicit memories are those that are not part of our consciousness.

how is an explicit memory different from an implicit memory?

amygdala

if I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am i using?

experiences

natural concepts are mental groupings created naturally through our ______.

hindsight bias

niaz's car breaks down, and he is convinced that it was a predictable event even though there was no way of knowing it would happen. This exemplifies ______.

suggestibility

which concept describes the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories?

being able to hum the tune to a song even when you can't remember the lyrics

which of the following is a good example of acoustic encoding?

modified the way witnesses are questioned

which of the following is a way police have changed their interrogation techniques to lower the risk of false memory syndrome? police have ______.

using the acronym "HOMES" to remember the names of the five great lakes

which of the following is an example of a mnemonic device?

modest

which of the following is not one of the four subtypes of intellectual disability?

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which of the following statements about algorithms is false?

lexicon

which term refers to the vocabulary of a language?

he trained rats in the correct route through a maze, then deliberately damaged their brains and observed that this did not inhibit their progress through the maze.

how did lashley develop the equipotentiality hypothesis?

availability heuristic

illnesses such as diabetes and stomach cancer kill more than twice the number of americans than murder or car accidents. however, zale sees car accidents as more dangerous because he often hears about car accident fatalities on the nightly news, and he doesn't know anyone with diabetes or stomach cancer. therefore, zale takes more precautions against car accidents. This exemplifies ______.

natural; artificial

in psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: ______ and ______.

indirect

knowing what a dinosaur is because you looked through a book with pictures of dinosaurs and watched the film jurassic park is an example of a natural concept that was developed through ______ experience.

bodily kinesthetic

lauren is gifted in the area of body movement. her ability to balance and coordinate her body's movement enables her to do well in basketball, baseball, and field hockey. which area of intelligence does this exemplify?

encoding failure

lisa puts five quarters into the parking meter every time she goes downtown. however, when asked, lisa cannot say if the head on a quarter is facing left or right. this may be an example of ______, because lisa never paid attention to the picture in the first place.

dysgraphia

walter struggles to write legibly and has a difficult time putting his thoughts on paper. which learning disability does he have?

equipotentiality hypothesis

what did lashley develop by purposely damaging the brains of rats that had learned a task and then testing those rats to see if the brain damage impaired their ability to complete that same task?

all of the concepts are examples of mental set.

what do the concepts of representational bias, anchoring bias, and hindsight bias all have in common?

mastery of the grammatical aspects of language

what impact did genie's early isolation have on her ability to acquire language? she never developed a(an) ______.

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what is episodic memory?

type of implicit memory that stores information about how to do things

what is procedural memory?

retrograde; anterograde

when experiencing ______ amnesia, you experience loss of memory for events that occurred prior to the trauma. when experiencing ______ amnesia, you cannot remember new information.

recognition

when you take a multiple-choice test, you are relying on ______, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system that helps you choose the correct answer.