THORACIC WALL
What are the ligaments inthe costochondral joint?
Cartilage and bone, bound together by periosteum
Where is the vertical dimension?
Central part of the thoracic cavity
What are the nine joints of the ribs/
Costovertebral joints of the head of ribs, costotransverse, sternocostal, sternoclavicular, costochondral, interchondral, manubriosternal, xiphisternal
How do ribs 8-10 move?
Gliding movement
What happens to the anteroposterior dimension during inspiration?
Increases as intercostal muscles contract
What happens to the vertical dimension during inspiration ?
Increases as the contracting diaphragm descends compressing the abdominal viscera
What does the superior articular facet of rib articulate with?
Inferior costal facet of superior vertebrae
What is the lateral border of the inferior thoracic aperture?
11th and 12th pairs of ribs and the joined costal cartilages of ribs 7-10
What makes up the thoracic cage?
12 pairs of ribs and costal cartilages, 12 thoracic vertebrae and intervertebral disks, the sternum
What are the ligaments in the interchondral joint?
Interchondral ligaments
What does the head of rib connect with?
Intervertebral disk
What are the ligaments in the costotransverse joint?
Lateral and superior costotransverse
What are the articulations in the costochondral joint?
Lateral end of costal cartilage with sternal end of rib
What are the articulations in the manubriosternal joint?
Manubrium and body of sternum
What are the three parts of the sternum
Manubrium, body, xiphoid process
What does the superior thoracic aperture allow the thoracic cavity to communicate with?
Neck and upper limb
What are the ligaments in the manubriosternal?
None
What are the ligaments in the xiphisternal joint?
None
What are the ligaments in the costovertebral joints of hte head of ribs?
Radiate and intra-articular ligaments of the head of rib
What happens to the vertical dimension during expiration?
Returns to neutral position
Which ribs are considered atypical?
Ribs 1, 2, 10-12
Which ribs are considered typical?
Ribs 3-9
What are the three compartments of the toracic cavity?
Right pumonary cavity, left pulmonary cavity, and mediastinum
How do ribs 1-7 move?
Rotate around an axis that runs longitudinally through the neck of the rib
What is the intercostal space?
Space between the ribs and cartilages that houses the intercostal muscles, vessels, and nerves
What are the articulationsof the sternoclavicular joint?
Sternal end of clavicle with manubrium and first costal cartilage
What is the anterior border of the superior throacic aperture?
Superior border of manubrium
What does the inferior articular facet of rib articulate with?
Superior costal facet of corresponding vertebrae
WHat are the two thorcic apertures?
Superior thoracic aperture and inferior thoracic aperture
What is the posterior borded or the superior thoracic aperture?
T1 vertebrae
What is the posterior border or the infeior thoracic aperture?
T12 vertebrae
Where is the sternal angle?
T4 and T5
Where is the xiphisternal joint?
T9
What does the sternal angle mark?
The level of the 2nd pair of costal cartilages
What is the xiphisternal joint a midline marker for?
The superior level of the liver, the central tendon of the diaphragm, and inferior border or the heart
What is the thoracic cavity surrounded by?
Thoracic wall
What travels through the superior thoracic aperture?
Trachea, esophagus, vessels and nerves
What is the costotransverse joint?
Tubercle of rib articulates with articular facet transverse process of corresponding vertebrae
What is the anterior border or the inferior thoracic aperture?
Xiphisternal joint
What are the articulations in the xiphisternal joint
Xiphoid process and body of sternum
What does the inferior thoracic aperture allow the thoracic cavity to communicate with?
Abdominal cavity
What are the ligaments in the sternocostal joint/
Anterior and posterior radiate sternocostal
What are the ligaments in the sternoclavicular joint?
Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments and costoclavicular ligament
What are the articulations in the interchondral joint?
Articulation between costal cartilages of 6th-7th, 7th-8th, and 8th-9th ribs
Where ist he anteroposterior dimension?
Between vertebrae and sternum
What closes the inferior thoracic aperture?
Diaphragm muscle
What is the lateral border of the superior thoracic aperture?
FIrst pair of ribs and their costal carilages
What are the articulations int he sternocostal joint?
First costal cartilage with manubrium, 2nd-7th costal cartilages with the body of the sternum
