Trace minerals
What is Pica?
A curious behavior seen in iron and zinc deficiency, it is craving and consumption of ice and chalk.
What is iron deficiency Anemia?
A severe depletion of iron that results in a low hemoglobin concentration with red blood cells pale and small not able to carry enough oxygen from the lungs to the tissues.
Other roles of selenium
Adequate blood concentration
What protein is the main transport vehicle in the blood for zinc?
Albumin
What is the symptoms of iron overload
Apathy, lethargy, and extreme fatigue
What is hemochromatosis?
As a disorder from Iron overload a genetic failure to prevent a needed iron in the diet and being absorbed.
What causes significant loss of iron
Bleeding (hemorrhage)
What are the consequences of deficiency of Iodine?
Causes the thyroid to enlarge visible, a swelling known as goiter. It deficient during pregnancy leads to cretinism (IQ as low as 20)
Which trace mineral participates and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, enhances the activity of insulin, and improves glucose and insulin responses?
Chromium
What trace mineral is an integral part of vitamin B-12?
Cobalt
What are the roles of Copper?
Coppers primary purpose is to serve as constituent of enzymes that catalyze the formation of hemoglobin, it also helps manufacture the protein collagen, inactive histamine, degrade serotonin, assist in the healing of wounds, and help maintain the sheaths around never fibers.
What is cretinism and what causes it?
Cretinism is irreversible mental and physical retardation with IQ as low as 20. Caused by severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy.
What are the consequences of chromium deficiency?
Diabetes like condition with elevated blood glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, insulin response and glucagon responce.
Consequence of zinc deficiency
Dwarfism or severe growth retardation. Arrested sexual maturation. Drastic impairs immune function. Causes loss of appetite. During preg may lead to growth and development disorders.
What are the symptoms of low hemoglobin and inadequate iron intakes?
Fatigue, weakness, and apathy
What trace mineral help with the prevention of dental disease
Fluoride
Deficiency of Selenium is associated with what?
Heart disease in children and young women living in regions where the soil and foods lack selenium.
What hormone Produced by the liver is central to the regulation of iron balance in the body?
Hepcidin
It is an integral part if the thyroid hormones
Iodine
What are the roles of manganese.
Is a cofactor for many enzymes, helping to facilitate dozens of metabolic processes. The human body contains a tiny 20 mg of maganese, mostly in bones in metabolically active organs such as the liver, kidneys and pancreas.
Roles of iron
Is a component of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Iron helps the blood cells carry and hold oxygen and release it. Deficiency leads to anemia.
What are the consequences of Manganese toxicity?
Leads to brain malfunction along with abnormalities in appearance and behavior.
Consequences of zinc toxicity
Leads to copper deficiency anemia by introducing the intestinal cells to synthesize large amounts of metallothionein, a protein that captures Copper in a non absorbable form.
What trace mineral is a working part of several metal containing enzymes?
Molybdenum
Roles of zinc
Necessary for activation of more than 50 different enzymes that perform tasks in the eyes, liver, kidneys, muscles, skin, bones, and male reproductive organs (sperm production). Disposes of damaging free radicals.
Best source of iodine
Seafood
What mineral functions as antioxidant, working primarily as a part of proteins preventing free radical formation?
Selenium
What trace mineral is involved in the formation of bones and collagen?
Silicone
What substances impair iron absorption?
Tannins and phytates.
What substances enhance iron absorption
Vitamin c and MFP factor
Symptoms of Selenium Toxicity
Vomiting, diarrhea, loss of hair and nails, and lesions of the skin and nervous system.
