Trail Guide to The Body: Chapter 2 - Shoulder & Arm
the term ______ _____ refers to a postural condition in which the medial border falls away from the rib cage and visibly protrudes posteriorly.
"winged scapula"
the scapula has several fossae, corners, and ridges that serve as attachment sites for ________ muscles.
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the _______ joint is the small articulation between the acromion of the scapula and the acromial end of the clavicle.
acromioclavicular joint
the _____ is the lateral aspect of the spine of the scapula and is located at the top of the shoulder.
acromion
the _____ is the cone-shaped area commonly called the armpit.
axilla
the glenohumeral joint is a synovial, ________ joint with a wide range of movement.
ball-and-socket joint
the ____ ______ lies superficially on the anterior arm.
biceps brachi
the ___ ____, a large group of nerves which innervates the arm, exits from the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae.
brachial plexus
The ________, or collar bone is superficial and runs horizontally along the top of the chest at the base of the neck.
clavicle.
the _______ is a small, tubular muscle located in the axilla.
coracobrachialis
the ____ _____ is an attachment site for several tendons and ligaments.
coracoid process
the _____ _____ of the scapula is the beak-like projection found inferior to the shaft of the clavicle.
coracoid process
the deltoid tuberosity is a small, low bump that serves as an attachment site for the converging fibers of the _____ muscle.
deltoid muscle
the _______ ________ is located on the lateral side of the mid-humeral shaft.
deltoid tuberosity
the proximal humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula to form the __________ joint.
glenohumeral joint
together the rotator cuff muscles encompass, and therefore stabilize, the ________ joint
glenohumeral joint
the ________ ______ is located inferior and lateral to the acromion.
greater tubercle
the ______ _________ is located at the most superior aspect of the lateral border.
infraglenoid tubercle
the flat convergent belly of the ____ is located in the infraspinous fossa.
infraspinatus
the infraspinous fossa is the triangular area inferior to the spine of the scapula; it is filled with the _________ muscle.
infraspinatus
the ____ ____ is situated between the greater and lesser tubercles, and is roughly a pencil's width in diameter.
intertubercular groove
the _____ border extends superiorly and laterally from the inferior angle toward the axilla or "armpit."
lateral
the ____ ___ is the broadest muscle of the back.
latissimus dorsi
The superior angle serves as an attachment site for the _____ ______ muscle.
levator scapula
the ___ ____ is located along the lateral and posterior sides of the neck.
levator scapula
the triceps has three heads:
long, lateral, and medial.
the ______ border is the long edge of the scapula that runs parallel to the vertebral column.
medial
the ___ _____ is a broad, powerful muscle located on the chest.
pectoralis major
the ____ _______ lies next to the rib cage deep to the pectoralis major.
pectoralis minor
the ______ muscles are located between the scapula and vertebral column.
rhomboid muscles
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis are known as the
rotator cuff muscles
the ____ is the triangular-shaped bone of the upper back.
scapula
the ____ plays a vital role in stabilization and movement of the arm.
scapula
the scapula glides across the posterior surface of the thorax to form the _______ joint, which is considered a ______ joint because does not have the usual joint components.
scapulothoracic joint, false joint
the ___ ____ lies along the posterior ad lateral rib cage.
serratus anterior
the _____ of the scapula is a superficial ridge located just off the top of the shoulder.
spine
the ______ joint is wedge-shaped and contains a small, impalpable fibrous disk.
sternoclavicular
The _______ joint is the single attachment site between the upper appendicular and axial skeletons.
sternoclavicular joint
the ________ joint is the articulation between the sternal end of the clavicle and the sternum.
sternoclavicular joint
the _____ ____ is located on the scapula's anterior ( or underside) surface, next to the rib cage.
subscapular fossa
the deep _____, located on the scapula's anterior surface, is sandwiched between the subscapular fossa and serratus anterior muscle.
subscapularis
the subscapular fossa is the attachment site for the ____ and the location of the _________ ______ muscle.
subscapularis, serratus anterior muscle
because the ______ muscle attaches to and lies in this basin, the supraspinous fossa is difficult to access directly.
supraspinatus
the chunky ____ is located in the supraspinous fossa, deep to the trapezius' upper fibers.
supraspinatus
the greater tubercle is an attachment site for three of the four rotator cuff muscles:.....
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor
the _______ ____ is located superior to the spine of the scapula.
supraspinous fossa
the ___ ____ is called "lat's little helper" because it is a complete synergist with the latissimus dorsi.
teres major
the lateral border is an attachment site for the ____ _____ and the _____ _____ muscles.
teres major and teres minor
the ___ _____ is a small muscle squeezed between the infraspinatus and teres major.
teres minor
the deltoid fibers can be divided into three segments:...
the anterior, middle, and posterior fibers.
the shoulder complex is made of three bones:....
the clavicle, scapula, and humerus
the pectoralis major is divided into three segments:
the clavicular, sternal, and costal fibers.
The ______ muscle and numerous tendons surround the proximal humerus and the glenohumeral joint.
the deltoid muscle
the three landmarks that are located on the proximal humerus deep to the deltoid muscle are....
the greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, and the intertubercular groove.
the _______ is the bone of the arm.
the humerus
the scapula contains three fossae, or depressions:...
the infraspinous, supraspinous, and the subscapular.
the _____ _______ is smaller than the greater tubercle and is an attachment site for the fourth rotator cuff muscle-subscapularis.
the lesser tubercle
the ____ lies superficially along the upper back and neck.
trapezius
the acromion serves as an attachment site for the ____ and ______ muscles.
trapezius and deltoid muscles
the _____ _____ is the only muscle located on the posterior arm.
triceps brachi
the trapezius fibers can be divided into three groups
upper (descending) fibers, middle fibers, and lower (ascending) fibers.
