Trivias Midterm
red; green
Alexandrite appears _______ in incandescent light and ______ in sunlight and this color-changing property of Alexandrite is known as the 'Alexandrite effect.
Philippine Iron Mines, Inc.; copper-molybdenum
In late 1954, the initial discovery of uranium occurrence in the Philippines was made by the ____________ at the Bessemer ___________ orebody in Larap Area of Camarines Norte and the mineral was identified as uraninite.
Lake Lanao; 2 to 20
It is regarded as one of the most ancient surviving lakes in the world with an age of _______ million years old.
yardang
Kapurpurawan Rock Formation is a _________ feature in Ilocos, Norte Philippines
Mammoth Cave; 400 miles
Kentucky's cave system, __________ is the largest cave system on Earth which is nearly __________ in length based on what has been explored
Voronja Cave; Alexander Kruber
Krubera cave is also known as the _________, which means "cave of the crows" in Russian. This name was used in 1980 by speleologists because of several crows nesting at the entrance of the cave. The original name, Krubera, was given by Russian speleologists in honor of __________, a noted Russian geographer
Ol Doinyo Lengai; natrocarbonatite
Located in Tanzania, _______________ is the only active volcano on Earth that erupts _____________ lava
constant; mushroom and umbrella
Lowering of sea levels led to the exposure of the islands. With _________ erosion along their bases, the islands assumed their unique __________ shapes
47; 4
Taal Volcano Island has _______ craters and ______ maars
Mount Pinatubo; June 15, 1991 ;6
The second largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century occurred in _________ on _________, it ejected roughly ten billion tons of magma onto surrounding lands and twenty million tons of sulfur dioxide gas. Over the following months, the aerosols formed a global layer of sulfuric acid haze. Global temperatures dropped by about 0.5 °C (0.9 °F) in the years 1991-93, and ozone depletion temporarily saw a substantial increase. The eruption ranked _______ in the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI).
Angel Falls; 3,212 feet
The tallest waterfall on Earth is ________, which is _______ high. It is as tall as a 300-story building
10,000;
There are more than ______ hydrothermal features in Yellowstone or Yellowstone National Park in the US.
area; 143,200 square miles (370,886 square kilometers).
World's Largest Lake by surface _____ is the Caspian Sea salty with a surface area of ________
Pyrite
______ is used for production of sulfuric acid
Alexandrite; Chrysoberyl
__________ is among the rarest gemstones found on Earth. It is the rarest variety of ________, and it contains a complex crystal structure that offers a unique capability such as its color-changing qualities.
Hkakabo Razi; 5,881 meters (19,295 ft)
__________ is believed to be Myanmar's highest mountain and with its height of __________ the probable highest mountain in Southeast Asia
Apolaki Caldera; Benham Rise
__________ is considered to be the world's largest caldera which is located within the __________
Nido Formation; Malampaya
__________ is the equivalent to the onshore St. Paul Limestone and the producing formation of ________ Gas Field
Iridium
__________ is the most corrosion-resistant metal known. It also has the highest density of all the elements. Due to its resistance to corrosion, it's used as a set standard in weights and measurements
Taal Volcano; 243-sq km
__________ is the smallest active volcano in the world. It is an active complex volcano in the freshwater Taal lake, about 50km from Manila. The ____________ Taal Lake partially covers the Taal Caldera, which was formed by the volcano's powerful prehistoric eruptions
Lake Maughan/lake Holon; Mount Parker
__________ located at South Cotabato was formed due to the eruption of __________ in 1641
Hematite; Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES)
___________ is a very common mineral on Earth, and it also occurs everywhere on the planet Mars where it is responsible for the planet's distinctive red color. It was first identified on Mars by the _______________.
Antelope Canyon; flash flooding
___________ is an eroded slot canyon near Page, Arizona. These incredible sandstone features are carved primarily during tremendous _________ events.
Peninsular Gneiss; Lalbagh Rock
___________ is one of the older gneissic complexes and is identified as one of the best exposures of this rock mass. It is declared as a National Geological Monument in India and called the ________
Barringer meteor crater; Daniel Barringer
_______________ is a lunar impact crater that is in the southern hemisphere on the Far side of the Moon, named after geologist _________. This crater is generally circular in form, with a slight outward bulge along the western rim. The outer rampart of ejecta spills over slightly into the Apollo basin floor, but the remainder of the rim lies on rugged irregular ground
Vredefort Crater; between 180 and 300 kilometers
________________ is the world's oldest and largest known impact crater on Earth measuring somewhere ______________ wide (more than 2 billion years of erosion makes scientists unable to determine the exact size of the impact crater). The impact occurred southwest of what is now Johannesburg, South Africa
Rio Grande de Cagayan; 505 kilometers
_________________, which is popular in the name of the Cagayan River in the northeastern part of Luzon, is the longest and largest river in the Philippines. It is ___________ long and traverses through the provinces of Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, and Quirino
Loihi; 3000 feet
A short distance off the south coast of Hawaii is a submarine volcano called _________. Although very active, it has another _________ to go before it breaks the surface and becomes another island in the Hawaiian chain
Carmeltazite; diamond
After density testing, scientists discovered that _________, an extraterrestrial mineral found in Israel that closely resembles sapphire and ruby in its chemical composition, is even harder than _________ and is significantly scarcer, making its value extremely high
gypsum; Naica Mine
Cave of the Crystals, this cave contains gigantic beams of _________ crystals. Found underground in the _________ in the Mexican state of Chihuahua.
Mogote; 50 square kilometers
Chocolate Hills are unique and usual geological formations spread across __________, consisting of 1268 to 1776 dome-shaped hills covered in grass. In geographical terms, this hill is called _________.
Danakil Depression/Afar Depression; continental rifting
Ethiopia's __________ exhibits some wonders such as lava that burns blue, bright yellow hot springs, and lakes of bubbling mud. These are all manifestations of a tectonic process called ________.
Hundred Islands
Geologists believed that the ________ belonged to a massive ancient coral reef which extended inland into the Philippine mainland.
Ledge House, Broken Pottery, and the Inscription House.
Navajo National Monument preserves three of the largest cliff dwellings ever, Peobloan Peoples' ancestors, and the natural sandstone ancloves. The three cliffs are the _________, ___________, __________
Tibetan Plateau; 16,400 ft
Often called the "Roof of the World," the _______ stands at _________ in western China. It is about half the size of the lower 48 states and is bounded by the Himalayan Mountains to the south
blue-green; 1.9 kilometers
Taal Volcano has a main crater lake which is _______ in color and is __________ in diameter. The volcano has 47 craters in total, according to the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. The rest of the volcano is below sea level.
20 percent; 4 percent
The Amazon River is responsible for about _______ of all the water reaching the ocean via rivers. Its nearest rival, Africa's Congo River, delivers about ______ of the total.
78,200 cubic km; 3.5; 3rd
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest lake. It is the world's largest enclosed inland water body, holding _________ of water by volume which is about _____ times more water by volume than all five of the Great Lakes combined. It is also the _____ deepest lake in the world
Colorado River; Laramide orogeny
The Grand Canyon was formed by the entrenchment of the ______________ during the ______________ uplift of the region. This orogeny formed the Rocky Mountains and provided the mechanism for the River to erode down into the underlying rock.
Dead Sea; 1,338 feet (423 meters)
The Lowest Point on land is the __________ located between Jordan, Israel, and the West Bank. The surface of the salty lake is ___________ below sea level.
karsts limestone; Proclamation No. 212
The Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park has __________ formations. The underground river is about 8.2 kilometers in length and has been proclaimed under ___________ as a National Park
Canadian Arctic; meltwater
The _______ glacier has been discovered to be contributing the most _________ to Earth's rising oceans.
Kapurpurawan; calcarenite
The ________ Rock Formation, a wind- and wave-sculpted unit along the coast of Burgos, Ilocos Norte. Known for its creamy white and streamlined limestone formations, which have been sculpted by different oceanic and weather forces.
Sistema Sac Acton; 6.2 mile (10-kilometers)
The ________ in Mexico is the longest subterranean waterway in the world. It is __________ long
Gobi Desert
The ________ is the largest desert in Asia, it covers parts of Northern and Northeastern China and South of Mongolia
Amazon; 2.2 million square miles
The ________ is the largest rainforest in the world. It covers approximately __________
Caspian Sea
The ________ is the world's largest inland body of water, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea.
Columnar Basaltic Lava; Deccan Trap
The _________ formation in St. Mary's Island, Karnataka, India displays a majestic array of lava columns that are multi-faced and were developed in the basalts of _______
Sierra Madre
The _________ is the longest mountain range in the Philippines
Giant's Causeway; 40,000
The __________ in Ireland is an area of about ________ interlocking basalt columns which resulted from an ancient volcanic fissure eruption.
Darvaza gas crater (Turkmen: Garagum ýalkymy); natural gas field
The ___________, also known as the Door to Hell or Gates of Hell, is a ______________ that collapsed into a cavern located in Derweze, Turkmenistan. It still burns today, a surreal feature in an otherwise barren landscape. Details on the origin of the sinkhole are sketchy, but the story goes that the Soviet scientist set it on fire to burn off noxious gasses after the ground under a drilling rig gave way.
Puerto Princesa Subterranean River ;5 miles (8.2 kilometers)
The ____________ in Palawan is _____________ long and was known to be the longest subterranean waterway in the world until the discovery of the Sistema Sac Acton underground river in Mexico.
Chiricahua Mountains massif
The ____________ is a large mountain range in southeastern Arizona which is part of the Basin and Range province of the west and the southwest USA and Northwest Mexico
South Pole-Aitken basin
The ____________ is the largest, deepest, and oldest crater on the moon and is the largest known crater in our Solar System. It is an impact crater that is the largest crater on Earth's moon as well as in the Solar System.
Great Barrier Reef; 1,430 miles long
The _____________ is Earth's Largest Living Structure. It is located off the coast of Queensland in Australia. It measures about ___________ and is big enough to be visible from space. Composed of almost 3,000 smaller reefs, it is home to 1,625 types of fish, 100 species of jellyfish, and 600 types of soft and hard corals as well as many other forms of life
Door To Hell; Turkmenistan
The ______________ is located on top of a natural gas field in __________. Soviet geologists found and drilled for natural gas here in 1971 when the ground began to collapse to leave a large crater. To prevent inhalation of poisonous gas, the crater was set on fire, believing the natural gas would quickly be burned off and the fire would go out.
Mankayan
The best-known copper district in the country is _______ in Mt. Province where the oldest and best copper mine still exists
Cagayan valley
The biggest valley in the Philippines is the __________.
Mount Chimborazo; 20,000-plus foot
The closest point to space on Earth is not Mount Everest. Rather it is ______________, a ___________ mountain in the Andes. Even though Mount Everest is taller than sea level, it sits higher on Earth's bulge.
ice ridge; East Antarctic Plateau
The coldest place on Earth is on an __________ of the ______________ between the summits Dome Argus and Dome Fuji, where researchers measured temperatures that reached minus 148 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 100 degrees Celsius). Not only was this the lowest temperature ever recorded on the planet, but it's also likely as cold as it can possibly get
Mount Tambora; April 15, 1815
The eruption of _____________ in Indonesia, which began on ___________, is the largest-known volcanic event in modern history. The event killed at least 10,000 people on the island of Sumbawa and possibly more than 90,000, largely from exposure to the searing hot, toxic swells of gas and pyroclastic flows.
lodestone
The first form of the magnetic compass was created from _________. In paleomagnetism, magnetite obtains an important status for its magnetic characteristic
geysers, hot springs, mud pots, and fumaroles
The four types of thermal features in Yellowstone are:
Aliwagwag falls (1,100 ft)
The highest waterfall in the Philippines is the _____________, and is found in Davao Oriental, Philippines
Tonle Sap
The largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia is ___________ in Cambodia.
1,226 km; Savandurga hill
The largest monolith in Asia with ________ above sea level is __________ in Karnataka, India.
Toba super volcano; 497 miles; almost 22 miles
The largest volcanic crater in the world is the _____________. When it erupted, it produced a crater that was around ______ long and _________ wide. Today, the crater is the site of the world's largest crater lake
7; 0.4-0.7 degrees Celsius (0.72-1.26 degrees Fahrenheit)
The largest volcanic eruption recorded by humans occurred in April 1815 in Mount Tambora, the eruption ranked ___ on the Volcanic Explosivity Index. The ash from the eruption column dispersed around the world and decreased global temperatures by _______________ in an event known as the Year Without a Summer in 1816. This brief period of significant climate change triggered extreme weather and harvest failures across the Northern Hemisphere.
Kentucky; 600 miles
The longest known cave system on Earth is the Mammoth Cave in _________. it stretches for more than 390 miles, and that's just what has been explored. Scientists believe it may be over __________ long
Mavulis Island; Yami and Diami.
The northernmost point in the Philippines is ________ in Batanes. Other names that are used to refer to the Island are ___________
Ilocos; South China Sea
The sand dunes of ________ were created by the interaction of the wind, sea, and river that together cause erosion and deposition. The size of the dunes varies depending on several factors, including the currents, weather conditions, nature of winds, amount of sediment, and type of vegetation in the area. The dunes that directly face the coast of the ___________ are not as old as the others and tend to be more volatile. Sand dunes in some of the more sheltered areas of the INSD (Ilocos Norte Sand Dunes?) can reach as high as 90 meters.
Apatite
_______ has an ability to absorb radioactive and metallic contaminants and keep them locked in a safe storage area
Painite; two
_______ is the world's rarest mineral. Only ______ crystals were known to exist
Stibnite; antimony
_______, a toxic antimony sulfide, had been used as a cosmetic mostly in Ancient China to darken the eyebrows and lashes and to increase the apparent size of their eyes. It also has been used in the past for the creation of eating utensils causing poisoning from ingestion of _________
Lake Lanao; oldest
_______, with an area of 340 sq. km. and a maximum depth of 122m is located in the province of Lanao del sur and is the ________ lake in the Philippines.
Luzonite; Stannite
________ from the ________ group was named in 1874 after the type locality Mancayan, Luzon, Philippines
Bauxite
________ is a useful indicator of past climates because it records periods of wet tropical climate in the geologic past
Tungsten
________ is known as one of the toughest things found in nature. It is super dense and almost impossible to melt
Hang Sơn Đoòng; volume
________ is the largest known cave passage in the world by ________
Lake Lanao; Agusan River
________ is the largest lake of Mindanao and the source of the ________
Uluru or Ayers Rock
________ located in central Australia's outback. An eroded remnant of massive sandstone rock that rises above the plain.
Graphene; 200 times
________, a one-atom-thick sheet of carbon, is _______ stronger than steel. It would take an elephant balancing on a pencil to break a sheet as thin as Saran wrap
Larimar; Pectolite
________, also called as "Stefilia's Stone", is a rare blue variety of the silicate mineral __________, found only in one location: a mountainous, relatively accessible area in the province of Barahona in the Dominican Republic.
Sabtang
_________ Island from the Batanes group of islands is the smallest named island in the Philippines.
Pantabangan; 107 m; 1,615 m
_________ dam in Nueva Ecija is the largest manmade lake or reservoir in the Philippines. It stands _______ high and ______ long
Don Juan Pond; 18; 8
_________ in Antarctica is the saltiest lake. It is ___ times saltier than normal seawater, and when compared with the Dead Sea, the Pond is _____ times saltier
Lake Baikal; deepest; oldest
_________ in Russia holds 20% of Earth's unfrozen freshwater. It is the _______ and _______ lake in the world.
Cinnabar; pure mercury
_________ is one of the most toxic materials to handle on Earth. It forms near volcanoes and sulfur deposits, and it can release _________ if disturbed or heated
Osmium; 22.59 g/cm3
_________ is the densest naturally occurring element (native mineral), with an experimentally measured (using x-ray crystallography) density of ________.
Lake Baikal; rift lake
_________ is the largest freshwater lake by volume in the world, containing 22-23% of the world's fresh surface water. It is a ______ located in southern Siberia, Russia
Laguna de Baý; 949 sq km; 2.8 m
_________ is the largest lake in the Philippines. Located east of Metro Manila and covering an area of ___________, the lake has an average depth of ______
Polonium
_________ is the most radioactive element
Niter or "saltpeter"; proofing Rhum
_________, a mineral commonly used to make gunpowder, which pirates used to invent _________ in the late 1970 to keep sailors hydrated at sea
Calbiga Cave; 2968-hectare; 12
___________ is the Philippine's biggest karst formations and one of the largest in Asia, the ___________ cave system is composed of ____ caves with wide underground spaces, unique rock formations and subterranean watercourse
Krubera cave; 2196 meters
___________ is the deepest-known cave on Earth, with a depth of over _______.
Semisopochnoi; easternmost
____________ Island, a whole island of a collapsed volcano in the Aleutian Islands, is technically the ___________ spot in all North America
Saint Paul Karst
____________ in Palawan, Philippines is one of the relevant and still promising speleological areas of the Philippines
Devil's Tower monument
_____________ in Wyoming, US was estimated to be 50 million years old, from the cooling of the magma. After 40 million years of formation, erosion caused the exposure of the tower to the earth's surface
Camiguin Volcanic Complex; 7
______________ is famous for being called "born of fire". Because despite its small land area, it is home to ______ volcanoes.
Dragons' breath; 670ft; 575ft
_______________ cave is the world's largest subterranean lake beneath the desert located in the Africa country of Namibia. it has a depth of ______ and _______ wide at the widest point
