U2C3

Species can be valued for their ecosystem services or intrinsic value. Which of the following statements values species for their intrinsic value? a.) Willow trees should be conserved as they provide shade. b.) Rainforests must be protected because we can make medicines from the plants. c.) An elephant has the right to exist in its natural habitat. d.) Water birds are lovely and are often the subject of beautiful paintings.

c.) An elephant has the right to exist in its natural habitat.

Which of the following statements is true about extinctions? a.) Keystone species rarely become extinct. b.) Extinctions happened at a higher rate in the past. c.) Extinctions can be natural or man-made events. d.) The main cause of extinction is pollution.

c.) Extinctions can be natural or man-made events.

Which of the following is a negative impact of deforestation? a.) Deforestation leads to the potential for infectious disease threats. b.) Deforestation has led to the preservation of animals and plants on a large scale. c.) Forest destruction disrupts rainfall patterns for croplands. d.) Forest lands are cleared so they can sustain more life.

c.) Forest destruction disrupts rainfall patterns for croplands.

__________ is an atmospheric gas that is an important biological compound, but it must be fixed to be usable by life forms. Microorganisms that can do this are housed in the __________ of certain plants, such as clover and peanuts. a.) Carbon dioxide; leaves b.) Nitrogen; stems c.) Nitrogen; roots d.) Carbon dioxide; seeds

c.) Nitrogen; roots

Which of the following is an effort to lessen the negative impacts of deforestation? a.) Deregulation of logging practices b.) Cutting trees c.) Fewer educational programs d.) Establish nature preserves

d.) Establish nature preserves

A negative impact of deforestation includes __________. a.) additional precipitation b.) increased atmospheric CO2 levels c.) heightened ultraviolet radiation d.) greater biodiversity

b.) increased atmospheric CO2 levels

Which of the following sentences does NOT describe overexploitation? a.) The sustainable annual limit for tuna is 7,500 tons; the fishing industry harvests 60,000 tons. b.) Rosemary is harvested by the ton in Morocco; once cut, rosemary grows back twice as lush. c.) If current logging rates continue, all of the world's rainforests will be gone in 100 years. d.) Some types of turtles are collected and sold as pets faster than they are able to reproduce.

b.) Rosemary is harvested by the ton in Morocco; once cut, rosemary grows back twice as lush.

Which of the following descriptions corresponds with conservation biology? a.) Protection and management of natural resources b.) Consideration of both the living and non-living components of an ecosystem c.) Has the intention of protecting biodiversity d.) Has the intention of repairing damaged or destroyed ecosystems

c.) Has the intention of protecting biodiversity

__________, which is an essential biological compound found in DNA and amino acids that make up proteins, occurs in the atmosphere in an unusable form. This element must undergo the process of __________, which is facilitated by bacteria in the roots of plants. a.) Hydrogen; transpiration b.) Hydrogen; photosynthesis c.) Nitrogen; fixation d.) Nitrogen; transpiration

c.) Nitrogen; fixation

Which of the following activities would be an example of overexploitation? a.) A forest's best trees are left standing until younger, healthy trees begin to grow beneath them. b.) A group of hunters kill several deer in a forest with an abundant deer population. c.) The only parrot native to the eastern U.S. was hunted to extinction for its feathers. d.) A hundred acres of corn is fully harvested.

c.) The only parrot native to the eastern U.S. was hunted to extinction for its feathers.

Which of these is a process in the carbon cycle? a.) Animals eat plants and receive carbon as sugars and other compounds. b.) When fossil fuels are burned, they absorb carbon from the atmosphere. c.) Microorganisms take carbon from the atmosphere and convert it into usable forms. d.) Carbon enters the atmosphere through transpiration of plants.

a.) Animals eat plants and receive carbon as sugars and other compounds.

Which of the following statements is considered a challenge to protecting endangered species? a.) Overemphasis on endangered ecosystems. b.) Legislation does not exist in the United States to protect species identified as endangered. c.) The animal's habitat may be unknown. d.) Scientist focus on one species and not the entire ecosystem.

d.) Scientist focus on one species and not the entire ecosystem.

Animals get nitrogen from eating plants and use it to build DNA, proteins and muscle. Animals pass nitrogen on through __________.When an animal dies, bacteria break down the nitrogen into a form that __________ can consume. a.) urination; protozoans b.) defecation; fungi c.) urination; plants d.) defecation; insects

c.) urination; plants

Which of the following is the main goal of restoration ecology? a.) Determine ways photosynthesis interacts with parasites b.) Determine ways to conserve biodiversity c.) Determine ways to address habitat needs of the species with minimal human involvement d.) Determine ways to restore damaged or destroyed ecosystems.

d.) Determine ways to restore damaged or destroyed ecosystems.

Which of the following activities corresponds to overexploitation? a.) A fish species is harvested until it becomes extinct. b.) A technology advancement returns unwanted fish to the ocean. c.) Elk hunting in North America is heavily restricted to protect this species. d.) New carp are brought in to replace the carp that are harvested from a fish farm.

a.) A fish species is harvested until it becomes extinct.

How does carbon move throughout the environment? a.) Plants use oxygen from the atmosphere to produce glucose. b.) Carbon is captured by plants using photosynthesis, absorbed by animals and released through cellular respiration. c.) All living things are made of hydrogen compounds, which can be recycled. d.) All energy comes from the process of fixation, in which plants capture light from the sun.

b.) Carbon is captured by plants using photosynthesis, absorbed by animals and released through cellular respiration.

Which of the following statements relates most strongly to restoration ecology? a.) It concentrates on ways to initiate and hasten the recovery of an ecosystem. b.) It focuses on managing, conserving and protecting water, land, plants and animals. c.) It studies the interactions of multiple species in a given area at a given time. d.) it strives to maintain the biological diversity of species, communities and ecosystems.

a.) It concentrates on ways to initiate and hasten the recovery of an ecosystem.

The construction of a dam has severed the upstream portion of a river from the downstream portion. Choose the most likely outcome of this habitat fragmentation. a.) Some fish species may become extinct. b.) Species that live along the river banks may relocate. c.) Fish may find a way to cross from one habitat to another. d.) New fish species may repopulate both sides of the river.

a.) Some fish species may become extinct.

A large section of tropical rainforest is cleared to build roads for mining. Select the least likely outcome of this habitat fragmentation from the options below. a.) Species will quickly adapt and re-populate the area. b.) The environment on the habitat edges will support different plants and animals. c.) Species that require open grazing areas may not survive. d.) Subpopulations of species may emerge.

a.) Species will quickly adapt and re-populate the area.

How is carbon cycled between plants and animals? a.) Dying organisms consume oil and coal. b.) An animal eats a plant, then absorbs and exhales the carbon, which is then absorbed by other plants during photosynthesis. c.) Plants use oxygen combined with sugar, to create water and carbon in order to grow. d.) Plants release carbon in the form of a gas called carbon dioxide

b.) An animal eats a plant, then absorbs and exhales the carbon, which is then absorbed by other plants during photosynthesis.

Species can be valued for their ecosystem services or intrinsic value. Which of the following statements values species for their intrinsic value? a.) Paula volunteered to help plant trees in her city to help regulate air quality. b.) Chickens should not have to live their lives trapped in a cage. c.) An elementary school class takes a field trip to a pond to study its frog population. d.) Alberto uses alpaca wool to knit sweaters because customers demand its quality.

b.) Chickens should not have to live their lives trapped in a cage.

Which of the following statements is true about endangered species policy in the United States? a.) The private sector is exempt from observing federal regulations regarding threatened or endangered species. b.) Restrictions on human activities are only enforced by local governments. c.) The Endangered Species Act places restrictions on activities that may threaten a listed species' habitat. d.) Endangered species are defined as plant and animal species that have been removed from their habitat.

c.) The Endangered Species Act places restrictions on activities that may threaten a listed species' habitat.

A new housing development was built at the end of a newly constructed highway. Forests with a population of black bears surrounded both sides of the new development. Select the most likely outcome of this habitat fragmentation on the local bear population. a.) The bears may be captured and relocated to ensure their survival. b.) The bear population may move deeper into the forest. c.) The bears may break into two separate populations. d.) Bears may be restricted from food access and breeding opportunities.

d.) Bears may be restricted from food access and breeding opportunities.