U8 L2: Roman Civilization

The Roman Arch

- Arch of Septimus Severus - Arc de Triomphe in Paris

Urban Construction

- many romans live in apartment-style buildings - firefighting brigades protected the city when fire broke out - public latrines had sewer systems that drained into the river

Roman Baths

- romans bathed and swam in public facilities

Which statement best describes the role of Roman women? A) Roman women had many more rights than other women of the time. B) Roman women had the same rights as women in other societies. C) Roman women had fewer rights than women in other societies. D) Roman women had even more rights than women do today.

A) Roman women had many more rights than other women of the time.

This is a photograph of a Roman A) insula. B) aqueduct C) bridge. D) coliseum.

B) aqueduct

How did Roman education influence Western civilization? A) The Romans were the first to send all children to school. B) The Romans adopted their educational system from the Germans. C) The Roman course of study focused on the humanities. D) The Romans forced conquered peoples to attend Roman schools.

C) The Roman course of study focused on the humanities.

In ancient Rome, which family member had the most authority? A) mother B) unmarried daughter C) father D) married son

C) father

The Founding Fathers of the United States were influenced by Cicero's ideas about A) polytheism. B) aqueducts. C) government. D) architecture.

C) government.

Education in Rome was A) not highly valued. B) against the law. C) highly regarded. D) only for the wealthy.

C) highly regarded.

Public Entertainment

Colosseum

Roman Literature

Great works of Roman literature include poetry, history, philosphy, and retoric - Cicero was a writer who influenced the Founding Fathers - Tacitus was an important historian - the poet Ovid wrote the epic poem Metamorphoses

Roman Language

Latin - latin is the basis of many modern languages, including spanish and french - about half of all english words have latin roots - latin is still used for legal, scientific, and medical terms

Write a paragraph explaining the ways in which Roman influence can be seen in our society today. Use details from the lesson and reading for support.

Roman styles and ideas are evident throughout the world today. Roman building methods and ideas are seen in many modern buildings. Roman artistic ideas (both visual and literary) are still valued and studied today. Concepts from Roman government have been picked up in our current system. The Roman language influences our language and is used in the fields of science and law.

ROman Philosophy

Stoicism was the greek philosophy adopted by the romans - emphasizes logic and reason over emotion - says that people should always take the "right action"

colosseum

a stadium for public meetings or events

Roman Roada

built thousands of miles of roads to connect their empire - were built to move the Roman military

aqueduct

channels for conducting water from one place to another using gravity

Roman Families

father had complete control over his household - father owned all of the family's wealth and property - many families had enslave people - the father could legally kill his children or sell them into slavery at any age

Roman culture was heavily influenced by (sumerian, egyptian, greek) civilization. The Roman religion adopted (greek gods, sumerian rituals, egyptian practices), and religion was heavily focused on (performing rituals to please the gods, behaving in a moral manner, achieving salvation). The Roman religion did not include (multiple gods, a temple building, a moral code of behavior)

greek; greek gods; performing rituals to please the gods; a moral code of behavior

Wrap-Up

modern western civilization has its basis in the classical world these ideas would be revived during the 1400s, when the Renaissance began classical ideas would shape Western belief systems, government, literature, and art

Roman Influences Today

roman engineers constructed arches, aquaducts, roads, and apartment buildings - urban planning - latin - art and literature - government

western civilization

the heritage of culture and belief systems of modern European peoples; includes many people colonized by Europeans, e.g., Americans and Latin Americans

latin

the official language of the Roman Empire

adopt

to take for one's own use

The Roman philosophy of stoicism promoted A) mercy. B) self-control. C) pity. D) anger.

B) self-control.

Words to Know

- Western cilization is the heritage of the culture and belief systems of European peoples - the romans adopted many elements of greek religion - great aqaducts carried water to Rome - romans watched chariot races in the colosseum - the latin language of the romans is the basis of many languages - the greek philosophy of stoicism promoted self-control

Aquaclaudia

- romans built aquaducts to supply the city with water

Roman Art

- scultpure - fresco - mosaic

The Romans were polytheistic, meaning that they worshipped A) many gods. B) the Greeks. C) the concept of wealth. D) one god.

A) many gods.

The city of Rome was the most lavish place to live in the empire. The Romans organized the people they conquered into provinces, much like the districts of Panem, and these districts provided the capital with what it needed. The provinces were under the control of Roman-appointed governors, who had absolute power over all non-Roman citizens. Which statement best summarizes this passage? A) Roman governors abused citizens so they could live lavish lives. C) Life for people in the provinces was much happier than life in the city. D) Noncitizens had too much influence over the people of Rome.

B) Romans used wealth from conquered people to live lavish lives.

Which statement best describes the roads of the Roman Empire? A) They had to be built with stones provided by Rome. B) They were constructed to move the Roman military. C) They were reserved mainly for civilians, not troops. D) They made it difficult to govern land Rome controlled.

B) They were constructed to move the Roman military.

Farmers in the city of Rome were unable to grow and harvest enough crops to feed their population. As a result, the city was dependent upon agricultural goods produced in the provinces. This worried the leaders of the empire. They feared that if the people from the provinces realized this fact, then they might question their subjugation, rise up, and rebel. To prevent this, the republic limited the provinces' grain rations and distracted the citizens with entertainment, such as gladiatorial games. Because of this, the Roman satirist Juvenal wrote, "The common people were placated by bread and circuses." What problem was facing the people of Rome? A) a lack of entertainment B) a lack of food C) a lack of water D) a lack of influence in government

B) a lack of food

Religion

Roman religion was adopted from other cultures, especially the greeks - romans were polytheistic; adopted greek gods - religion was focused on performing rituals to please the gods - religion did not provide a moral code to guide daily behavior

Farmers in the city of Rome were unable to grow and harvest enough crops to feed their population. As a result, the city was dependent upon agricultural goods produced in the provinces. This worried the leaders of the empire. They feared that if the people from the provinces realized this fact, then they might question their subjugation, rise up, and rebel. To prevent this, the republic limited the provinces' grain rations and distracted the citizens with entertainment, such as gladiatorial games. Because of this, the Roman satirist Juvenal wrote, "The common people were placated by bread and circuses." According to the author, what was the primary function of the gladiatorial games for the rulers of Rome? A) They were purely for entertainment. B) They showed people the government's power. C) They distracted the people from their real problems. D) They helped recruit new gladiators.

C) They distracted the people from their real problems.

This building was once the location of gladiator contests. Notice that the shape and size of the Colosseum is much like a modern-day outdoor arena where people watch A) horse jumping. B) golf matches. C) football games. D) basketball games.

C) football games.

The Via Appia was one of the earliest Roman A) coliseum. B) novels C) aquaducts. D) roads.

D) roads.

Women in Roman Society

Roman women - expected to become wives and mothers - could not vote or run for office - went out in public to worship and to attend the theater - owned property and businesses - had many more rights than women in other societies

Farmers in the city of Rome were unable to grow and harvest enough crops to feed their population. As a result, the city was dependent upon agricultural goods produced in the provinces. This worried the leaders of the empire. They feared that if the people from the provinces realized this fact, then they might question their subjugation, rise up, and rebel. To prevent this, the republic limited the provinces' grain rations and distracted the citizens with entertainment, such as gladiatorial games. Because of this, the Roman satirist Juvenal wrote, "The common people were placated by bread and circuses." Which statements are supported by the passage? [] Rome was dependent upon the provinces for food [] The provinces had the power to cause problems for Rome. [] The provinces were dependent upon Rome for grain. [] The gladiator games had no political purpose.

[X] Rome was dependent upon the provinces for food [X] The provinces had the power to cause problems for Rome. [] The provinces were dependent upon Rome for grain. [] The gladiator games had no political purpose.

How has Roman culture influenced Western Civilization? [] Most Americans worship Roman gods. [] Modern artists and architects have incorporated Roman techniques. [] American ideas about government were shaped by Roman beliefs. [] The Roman language had English roots.

[] Most Americans worship Roman gods. [X] Modern artists and architects have incorporated Roman techniques. [X] American ideas about government were shaped by Roman beliefs. [] The Roman language had English roots.

Roman Education

based on the greek system - children of very wealthy families had tutors at home; others went to schools - subjects included greek, philosophy, and other humanities subjects - classical education was revived during the renaissance