UCMerced Bio 001 M3

22) Secondary immune responses upon a second exposure to a pathogen are due to the activation of A) B cells. B) macrophages. C) T cells. D) memory cells. E) stem cells.

. D) memory cells.

In mammals, most gas exchange between the atmosphere and the pulmonary blood occurs in the A) alveoli. B) larynx. C) bronchi. D) bronchioles. E) trachea.

A) alveoli.

In flowering plants, pollen is released from the A) anther. B) stigma. C) filament. D) carpel.

A) anther.

Compared to most animals, the growth of most plants is best described as A) indeterminate. B) primary. C) derivative. D) perennial. E) weedy.

A) indeterminate.

Acidity in human sweat is an example of A) innate immunity. B) cell-mediated immune response. C) adaptive immunity. D) acquired immunity.

A) innate

Secondary growth in eudicot stems and roots is caused by A) lateral meristem. B) secondary phloem. C) axillary bud. D) apical meristem. E) secondary xylem

A) lateral meristem.

A cell with membrane-bound proteins that selectively binds to a specific hormone is called that hormone's A) target cell. B) secretory cell. C) regulatory cell. D) endocrine cell.

A) target cell.

21) Mesophyll in leaves is located between the A) upper and lower epidermis. B) guard cells on the upper epidermis C) epidermis and endodermis. D) epidermis and xylem. E) phloem and epidermis.

A) upper and lower epidermis.

Hormones that promote homeostasis A) usually operate as part of a negative feedback system. B) travel to target cells without passage in the plasma. C) usually operate as part of a positive feedback system. D) utilize receptors that bind to any hormone. E) initiate signal transduction in the target cell without binding to receptors.

A) usually operate as part of a negative feedback system.

24) Plants produce storage products in the form of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Which one of the following is the backbone element in all these stored products? A) nitrogen B) carbon C) hydrogen D) phosphorus

B) carbon

"Golden Rice" A) is resistant to various herbicides, making it practical to weed rice fields with those herbicides. B) has a modified genome that includes transgenes that lead to an increased vitamin A content. C) includes bacterial genes that produce a toxin that reduces damage from insect pests. D) is resistant to a virus that commonly attacks rice fields.

B) has a modified genome that includes transgenes that lead to an increased vitamin A content.

Which cell type is incorrectly matched with its function? A) plasma cellNproduces antibodies B) helper T cellNactivates innate immune responses C) memory cellNgives rise to effector cells D) cytotoxic T cellNkills infected host cells

B) helper T cellNactivates innate immune responses

In a cold environment that supports life, an ectotherm is more likely to survive an extended period of food deprivation than would an equally sized endotherm because the ectotherm A) maintains a higher basal metabolic rate. B) invests little energy in temperature regulation. C) has greater insulation on its body surface. D) expends more energy per kilogram of body mass than does the endotherm. E) metabolizes its stored energy more readily than does the endotherm.

B) invests little energy in temperature regulation.

Water potential is generally most negative in which of the following parts of a plant? A) cells of the root cortex B) mesophyll cells of the leaf C) xylem vessels in roots D) xylem vessels in leaves

B) mesophyll cells of the leaf

Tissues are composed of cells, and tissues functioning together make up A) membranes. B) organs. C) organelles. D) organ systems. E) organisms

B) organs.

Seeds develop from A) receptacles. B) ovules. C) ovary D) fertilized eggs.

B) ovules.

Which of the following develops the greatest pressure on the blood in the mammalian aorta? A) diastole of the right ventricle B) systole of the left ventricle C) systole of the left atrium D) diastole of the left atrium E) diastole of the right atrium

B) systole of the left ventricle

A human red blood cell in an artery of the left arm is on its way to deliver oxygen to a cell in the thumb. To travel from the artery in the arm to the left ventricle, this red blood cell must pass through A) one capillary bed. B) two capillary beds. C) three capillary beds. D) four capillary beds. E) five capillary beds

B) two capillary beds.

30) At what point in the following figure would blood velocity be lowest? A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E

C

What typically results from double fertilization in angiosperms? A) Two embryos develop in every seed. B) The endosperm develops into a diploid nutrient tissue. C) Both a diploid embryo and triploid endosperm are formed. D) A triploid zygote is formed.

C) Both a diploid embryo and triploid endosperm are formed.

Which of the following is a correct statement about sugar movement in phloem? A) Diffusion can account for the observed rates of transport. B) Only phloem cells with nuclei can perform sugar movement. C) Movement can occur both upward and downward in the plant. D) Sugar is translocated from sinks to sources.

C) Movement can occur both upward and downward in the plant.

_______ is to xylem as ________ is to phloem. A) Cortex; pith B) Apical meristem; vascular cambium C) Vessel element; sieve-tube member D) Sclerenchyma cell; collenchyma cell E) Vascular cambium; cork cambium

C) Vessel element; sieve-tube member

In a positive-feedback system where hormone A alters the amount of protein X, A) a decrease in A always produces an increase in X, which results in an increase in A. B) an increase in X always produces a decrease in A, which results in a decrease in X. C) an increase in A always produces an increase in X, which results in an increase in A. D) a decrease in X always causes a decrease in A, which causes an increase in X. E) it is impossible to predict how A and X affect each other.

C) an increase in A always produces an increase in X, which results in an increase in A.

Soil can easily become deficient in ________, because these ions are negatively charged and do not stick to negatively charged soil particles. A) potassium B) ammonium C) nitrate D) magnesium

C) nitrate

Which of the following is the correct sequence during the alternation of generations life cycle in a flowering plant? A) haploid gametophyte gametes meiosis fertilization diploid sporophyte B) sporophyte spores meiosis gametophyte gametes C) sporophyte meiosis gametophyte gametes fertilization diploid zygote D) sporophyte mitosis gametophyte meiosis sporophyte

C) sporophyte meiosis gametophyte gametes fertilization diploid zygote

Which of the following are most responsible for supporting mature, nongrowing parts of the plant? A) collenchyma cells B) trichomes C) tracheids and vessel elements D) parenchyma cells E) sieve-tube elements

C) tracheids and vessel elements

A plant has the following characteristics: a taproot system, several growth rings evident in a cross section of the stem, and a layer of bark around the outside. Which of the following best describes the plant? A) herbaceous eudicot B) woody monocot C) woody eudicot D) herbaceous monocot E) woody annual

C) woody eudicot

23) Which of the following determines the direction of water movement across the membrane? A) shape of the cell B) cell health C) size of the cell D) a difference in water potential

D) a difference in water potential

An example of a connective tissue is the A) skin. B) smooth muscles. C) epithelium. D) blood. E) nerves.

D) blood.

The most efficient way to increase essential amino acids in crop plants for human consumption would be to A) use 20-20-20 fertilizer instead of 20-5-5 fertilizer. B) increase the amount of fertilizer used on fields. C) engineer nitrogen-fixing nodules into crop plants lacking them. D) breed for higher yield of deficient amino acids.

D) breed for higher yield of deficient amino acids.

What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree? A) active transport of ions into the stele B) the force of root pressure C) atmospheric pressure on roots D) evaporation of water through stoma

D) evaporation of water through stoma

Inflammatory responses typically include A) reduced permeability of blood vessels to conserve plasma. B) inhibiting the release of white blood cells from bone marrow. C) clotting proteins migrating away from the site of infection. D) increased activity of phagocytes in an inflamed area. E) release of substances to decrease the blood supply to an inflamed area.

D) increased activity of phagocytes in an inflamed area.

Ingested dietary substances must cross cell membranes to be used by the body, a process known as A) digestion. B) elimination. C) ingestion. D) hydrolysis. E) absorption.

E) absorption.

A group of animals in which a relatively long cecum is likely to be found is the A) autotrophs. B) omnivores. C) carnivores. D) heterotrophs. E) herbivores.

E) herbivores.

Certain nutrients are considered "essential" in the diets of some animals because A) the nutrients are necessary coenzymes. B) the nutrients are subunits of important polymers. C) only certain foods contain them. D) only those animals use those nutrients. E) they are required for animal diets, but these animals are not able to synthesize these nutrients.

E) they are required for animal diets, but these animals are not able to synthesize these nutrients.