Understanding Nutrition Test 6 Study Set

What is hypertension and hyponatremia.

-hypertension is hbp -happens with excessive water consumption (10-20 liters) within a few hours. -a decreased concentration of sodium in the blood.

Symptoms of potassium deficiency?

-increase in blood pressure -kidney stones -Bone turnover -irregular heartbeat -muscle weakness -glucose intolerance

What organ retains or releases body fluids, thereby regulating blood volume and blood pressure?

Kidneys

What is the strongest predictor of bone density?

age

What does bicarbonate do in the body

an alkaline compound that helps maintain the body's acid-base balance. -acts as a buffer

Where is intracellular fluid found?

inside cells

What does a DEXA scan measure?

bone density

Where is 99% of body's calcium located?

bones and teeth

What is normal Ph of Blood

7.35-7.45 (slightly basic)

Which organ releases Aldosterone

Adrenal Glands

Most abundant mineral in the body?

Calcium

What interferes with absorption and action of lead in the body?

Calcium

What are cations and anions?

Cations are positively charged ions and anions are negatively charged ions

The DASH diet plan may prevent which conditions.

High Blood Pressure because it is low sodium, abundant in potassium rich fruits and veggies and calcium rich low fat milk.

What toxic substance may be contained in calcium supplements made from bone meal, oyster shell, or dolomite?

Lead

What is hydroxyapatite?

The calcium-rich crystalline structure of teeth and bones

Foods that contain phytates...

a binder(combine chemically with minerals) found in legumes,seeds,nuts,grains,and oxalates which are found in rhubarb,beet greens,sweet potatoes, and spinach.

Which of minerals present in highest concentration in hard water?

calcium and magnesium

What does potassium do in the body?

it it critical to maintain fluid balance,nerve impulse transmissions, and muscular contraction.

What will happen if abnormally low calcium in the blood?

lack of vitamin D

What does chloride do in the body?

maintains fluid and electrolyte balance

What is the principal intracellular cation?

potassium

What is the main extracellular anion?

Chloride

What percentage of US population exceeds recommended intake for sodium?

90%

What term describes water that resides between cells?

Interstitial

Which enzyme released from the kidneys in response to low blood pressure?

Renin

How is the concentration of electrolyte charges measured?

milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L)