Unit 1 Practice test

single subunits that serve as the building blocks for organic compounds are termed: enzymes polymers monomers reactants

monomers

in a molecule of oxygen gas, the atoms of oxygen share electrons equally with one another. this statement best describes a(n): nonpolar covalent bond compound ionic bond polar covalent bond

nonpolar covalent bond

the alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheet are characteristic of: secondary protein structure primary protein structure quaternary protein structure tertiary protein structure

secondary protein structure

Which organ system supports the body and protects internal organs? skeletal system endocrine system digestive system muscular system

skeletal system

the inner most shell of an atom holds: 8 electrons 6 electrons 2 protons 2 electrons

2 electrons

the primary source of chemical energy in the body comes from a nucleotide known as: DNA AMP ADP ATP

ATP

which of the following reactions is driven by glucose catabolism? ATP oxidation-reduction ATP synthesis ATP hydrolysis ATP catabolism

ATP synthesis

protein catabolism results in: amino acids fatty acids nucleic acids nucleotides

amino acids

a person who is standing facing forward with hands at their sides, palms faing forward, is in the: anatomical position supine position saggital position frontal position

anatomical position

what is the effect of a buffer on a solution? buffer systems cause the blood pH to increase, then to decrease dramatically. buffer systems allow hydrogen ions to accumulate in blood until acidosis is reached. buffer systems resist changes in blood pH. buffer systems allow the blood to beome to basic.

buffer systems resist changes in blood pH

what are the two major methods by which cells communicate to coordinate their functions? effectors and receptors temperature gradients and pressure gradients chemical messengers and/or electrical signals positive feedback loops and negative feedback loops

chemical messengers and/or electrical signals

body parts that are described as medial are considered to be: closer to the midline of the body toward the head clsoer to the point of origin toward the front

closer to the midline of the body

what does the H in pH scale represent? heat negative charge the negative logarithim concentration of H+ions in solution

concentration of H+ ions in solution

What is the major function of the respiratory system? produce vitamin D and retain water deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body return excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system digest food and absorb nutrients into the blood

deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body

what separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity? pleura pericardium diaphragm mediastinum

diaphragm

a cell or organ that responds to the directions of the control center in a negative feedback loop is termed a(n): effector receptor regulator stimulus

effector

which of the following is NOT true of glycoysis? two molecules of ATP are spent. glucose is split into two three-carbon pyruvate molecules four molecules of NADH are spent. four molecules of ATP are synthesized

four molecules of NADH are spent.

select the simplest sugar: sucrose starch lactose glucose

glucose

what property of water helps keep body temperature stabilized? surface tension universak solvent polarity heat capacity

heat capacity

Atoms that satisfy the octet rule are said to be __________. isotopes inert

inert

the atomic number represents the number of: protons in an atom neutrons in an atom protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom electrons in an atom

protons in an atom

the vertebral region is superior to the: cervical region sacral region cephalic region occipital region

sacral region

a fatty acid that contains no double covalent bonds is: saturated monounsaturated polyunstaturated

saturated