Unit 2 - Chemistry of Life - Quiz 4: Organic Compounds
List the four types of carbon molecules (organic compounds) found within living organisms and the major subdivisions of each type of molecule.
1. Carbohydrates - Starch - Polymers 2. Lipids - Fats - Steroids - Phospholipids 3. Protein 4. Nucleic Acid - DNA - RNA
How many different amino acids can be in a protein?
20
How many electrons does carbon lack in its outer shell?
4
paired set
DNA "rung"
sugar and phosphate
DNA "upright"
All proteins carry the genetic codes which determine the structure and function of an organism. True or False
False
Lipids are water-soluble. True or False
False
Many elements bond to carbon by exchanging electrons. True or False
False
Polysaccharides are simple sugars, True or False
False
Carbohydrates are converted to energy by the process of hydrolysis. True or False
True
Lipids are composed of the same basic elements as carbohydrates. True or False
True
Of the three lipid types, phospholipids are more similar to fats. True or False
True
The DNA bases are attached to the phosphate part of the structure. True or False
True
Two bases of DNA connects the double chain of DNA like a step on a ladder. True or False
True
Large organic molecules which are synthesized from multiple identical subunits are: carbohydrates polymers proteins nucleic acids all of the above
all of the above
When compounds which are formed from ionic bonds decompose, the products: are usually ions of the original elements
are usually ions of the original elements
Lipids are chemically most similar to:
carbohydrates
Which organic compound has this component? saccharides
carbohydrates
Which organic compound has this component? starches
carbohydrates
Which organic compound has this component? sugars
carbohydrates
Which organic compound serves this function? most readily available energy
carbohydrates
polysaccharides
complex sugars
electron sharing
covalent bonding
hydrolysis
decomposition
DNA
double-stranded
electron exchange
ionic bonding
DNA has a structure similar to a:
ladder
Steroids are:
lipids
Which organic compound has this component? fats
lipids
Which organic compound has this component? fatty acids
lipids
Which organic compound has this component? steroids
lipids
Which organic compound serves this function? insulation against cold
lipids
Which organic compound serves this function? lamp oil
lipids
Which organic compound serves this function? most highly concentrated energy
lipids
The most abundant sources of proteins are derived from:
meat and cheese
fats
most highly concentrated energy source
'blueprint' molecule
nucleic acids
The largest molecules in organisms are:
nucleic acids
Which organic compound has this component? DNA
nucleic acids
Which organic compound has this component? RNA
nucleic acids
Which organic compound serves this function? genetic code
nucleic acids
Bonds between amino acids are what type bonds?
peptide
synthesis
polymerization
Enzyme, antibody, hormone, and muscle are roles played by:
protein
Which organic compound serves this function? antibodies
proteins
Which organic compound serves this function? enzymes
proteins
monosaccharides
simple sugars
The most abundant sources of carbohydrates are: fish vegetables beef butter
vegetables
