UNIT 2: Population and Migration

low birth and death rates

A country at the end of the demographic transition usually has which of the following

low agricultural density.

A country with a large amount of arable land and a small number of farmers will have

an aging population and contraction in the work force

A population pyramid like Japan's predicted 2050 pyramid represents (difference between 1950 and 2050 is that it has an upright pyramid, and 2050 has it upsidown)

reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases.

A possible stage five epidemiological transition is the stage of a. pestilence and famine. b. receding pandemics, including possible zombie pandemics. c. degenerative and human-created diseases. d. delayed degenerative diseases. e. reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases.

India

A pronounced gender imbalance is most recognizable in

the medical revolution

Africa, Asia, and Latin America differ from Europe and North America in that they entered stage 2 of the demographic transition as a result of

farmers per area of arable land

Agricultural density is the number of

Mexicans leaving Mexico

All of the following twentieth century migration streams were propelled by persecution or open conflict EXCEPT a. Asians leaving Uganda b. Mexicans leaving Mexico c. Kosovars leaving Yugoslavia d. Tutsis leaving Rwanda e. Hindus leaving Pakistan

. a 30 year population control policy

Although China has the largest population in the world, what explains the country's declining NIR? a. AIDS pandemic b. famine c. a 30 year population control policy d. high numbers of emigrants leaving China e. government provided contraceptives

all of the above

An example of a pro-natalist population program is a. a program that gives women a monetary stipend for having three or more children b. a law that allows families to receive tax breaks for dependent children c. a law that establishes free and reduced day care for all families d. a law that requires businesses to give women generous maternity leave policies e. all of the above

infant mortality rate

Approximately 500 babies were born in Country D in 2011, but 35 of them died before reaching their first birthday. These data can be used to report Country D's

Higher birth rates in African countries suggest that women in African countries have less access to education and employment than European women

Based on the data provided, which of the following best describes how changing roles for women influence patterns of social values (is self-explanatory) a. Similar birth rates shown in the table for France, Russia, Brazil, and China indicate that women in these countries have access to similar levels of education b. Higher birth rates in African countries suggest that women in African countries have less access to education and employment than European women c. high death rates shown in the table for Nigeria and Russia reveal a similar lack of women's rights and access to health care in these countries d. Women living in France choose to have less children but die at higher rates than in Egypt due to greater pollution in industrialized countries such as France e. All women in developing countries have higher fertility rates due to the lack of medical care and political rights

Stage 5 of the demographic transition model due to very low birth rates

Based on the data shown, which of the following describes the most likely population context for the countries listed. (females are more older than males, elders are around from 20 to 30 percent) a. High youth dependency ratio and a lack of economic resources to provide for large families b. Rapid population growth in cities as people migrate from rural to urban areas for industrial jobs c. Stage 5 of the demographic transition model due to very low birth rates d. Shortage of arable land on which to raise crops and other food products to support the population e. Unstable food supply due to a rapidly growing population

Country A

Country A has a crude birth rate of 60 and a crude death rate of 15, while Country B has a CBR of 27 and a CDR of 9. Which country has a higher natural increase rate?

stage 2

Country X has a crude birth rate of 40 and a crude death rate of 15. In what stage of the demographic transition is this country? (not exactly like demographic in example but close enough)

spatially associated with certain public wells

Dr. John Snow found that cholera cases in London were a. spatially associated with certain public wells b. being punished for their sins c. being transmitted almost exclusively by French and Irish immigrants d. transmitted through the air in contagious diffusion e. spread through the main sea-trading routes by infected rats.

Men would be more likely to take on the burden of contraception

Efforts to lower CBR through education and health care have shown statistically to result in all but which of the following a. With the survival of more infants secure, women would be more likely to use contraceptives to limit pregnancies b. With improved education, women would be more aware of reproductive rights and make more informed reproductive decisions c. With greater education comes a higher skill set, thus women would have an improved opportunity to make economic decisions d. Improvement in health care would result in reduced infant mortality rates due to poor prenatal care e. Men would be more likely to take on the burden of contraception

Country A is likely a developing country and Country B is likely a developed country

From the two population pyramids above, what can we deduce about these countries (The population pyramid for country A is a normal pyramid shape, country B is a more domed or columned shape) a. Country A is slow-growing and Country B is growing quickly b. Country A is likely a developing country and Country B is likely a developed country c. Country A has a low percentage of dependent population and Country B has almost no dependents d. Country A is a developed country and Country B is likely a developing country e. Country A is a shrinking population and Country B has stable population growth

a small percentage of land suitable for agriculture even if there seems to be plenty of space available to live in

If the physiological density in a given country is very high and its arithmetic density is very low, then a country has a. inefficient farmers or farmers are out of work b. a large number of farmers although the number of farmers is not as great as the number of people living in the cities c. a small percentage of land suitable for agriculture even if there seems to be plenty of space available to live in d. too many people for the available resources particularly in regards to agricultural land e. too few farmers for the large area of land suitable for agriculture

communist victory

Large-scale migration occurred in Southeast Asia after 1975 primarily because of

Southern asia, not Africa

On the map above, which one of the following boxes is in an area where the population density is high and level of economic development is low?

explains density in terms of people per arable square land unit, while crude density explains density in terms of people per total square land unit

Physiological population density differs from crude population density in that physiological density a. examines only the population of cities while crude density include the population of cities and rural areas b. is a measure of how density is perceived while crude density is a measure of a specific density c. explains density in terms of people per arable square land unit, while crude density explains density in terms of people per total square land unit d. explains the density of a single housing unit while crude density explains the density of a group of houses e. is the number of people per housing unit, while crude density is the number of people per square mile

all of the above

Reasons the government would create pro-natalist population policies include a. preserving their country's culture b. lowering the dependency ratio of the country c. insuring that the country has an adequate future workforce d. all of the above e. A and B only

cultural

Refugees migrate most often because of which type of push factor?

the Industrial Revolution making more jobs available in the cities

Rural to urban migration beginning in the 1800s in the United States was caused by a. the Homestead act making more land available in the rural areas b. the establishment of the University system making school more affordable c. the shift in family size from larger to smaller d. the Industrial Revolution making more jobs available in the cities

guest workers

The flow lines on the map above most likely represents the movement of. (multiple arrows generally pointing at the same location.)

the Island of Java

The largest population concentration in Southeast Asia is

desertification

The map above depicts the African Sahel. Which of the following environmental problems is most associated with the African Sahel (not the correct map but you get the idea)

Stage 2

The migration transition model predicts that international migration reaches a peak at ________ of the demographic transition.

India

The most controversial national family planning program is closely associated with

elderly support ratio

The number of people over 65 represented as a percentage of the labor force is described as a(n)

may be used to estimate the country's dependency rate

The shape of a country's population pyramid a. may be used to predict maternal mortality rates b. cannot be used to determine infant mortality rates c. may be used to estimate the country's dependency rate d. cannot be used to estimate the country's sex ratio e. is determined primarily by the combination of its crude growth rate and its crude birth rate

China

The standard biological ratio of birth of 105 males to 100 females is NOT characteristic of which region

A continuing issue of conflict and political unrest within Syria

There has been an increase in asylum seekers from Syria to the European Union in recent years. Which of the following best describes the reason for this migration a. A continuing issue of conflict and political unrest within Syria b. A large rural to urban population shift within Syria c. A continuing rise in employment for asylum seekers in the European Union d. the tightening of asylum policies by the European Union e. The tightening of guest worker policies by the European Union

ensuring the majority of migrants continued to be from Europe

U.S. quota laws from the 1920s until the 1960s had the effect of a. virtually ending immigration b. indirectly causing two world wars c. dramatically increasing immigration from around the world d. ensuring the majority of migrants continued to be from Europe e. increasing the possibility of migration from regions previously prohibited

refugees receive special priority over economic migrants.

Under U.S. immigration policies a. refugees receive special priority over economic migrants. b. economic migrants are expedited across borders to ensure their skills contribute quickly to the economy. c. refugees and economic migrants are treated the same. d. economic migrants are allowed only if they don't send remittances. e. economic migrants are allowed only if they can prove there were no jobs available in their country of origin.

As the proportion of older people in the country increases, fewer young workers are available to contribute tax revenues to support programs that provide services to the older population

WHich of the following describes a concern for a country with an aging population a. As the proportion of older people in the country increases, fewer young workers are available to contribute tax revenues to support programs that provide services to the older population b. As a country's population ages, the life expectancy for the younger population of the country decreases and healthcare costs decline c. As a country's population ages, the infant mortality rate decreases and there is an increased need for daycare centers d. As the proportion of older people in the country increases, the sex ratio becomes disproportionally skewed towards males e. As the proportion of older people increases, the total population decreases because older people do not have children.

improve the economic environment

What is an excellent way to bring down a country's population growth rate without increased funding for family planning and distribution of birth control devices? a. improve the economic environment b. improve the health care system c. decrease military expenditures d. increase the funding for early childhood education e. all of the above

Malthus theorized that if left unchecked by regular cycles of famine and misery, population would increase beyond its ability to feed itself

Which of the following best explains why, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, Thomas Malthus proposed his population theory a. Malthus theorized that if left unchecked by regular cycles of famine and misery, population would increase beyond its ability to feed itself b. Malthus theorized that the ability of a population to feed itself would increase with the expansion of the population; more people would mean greater knowledge invested in expanding food production c. Malthus theorized that reductions of infant mortality would eventually result in slower population growth rates. d. Malthus theorized that agricultural developments in the mid to late 18th century would result in a significant expansion of food production, therefore alleviating the threat of overpopulation e. Malthus theorized the only way to prevent overpopulation would be to create policies that would limit the number of children a family could have. .

opening of a new factory

Which of the following events would be considered a migration pull factor?

A projected shortage of working age people to care for the rising elderly population resulting in an increase in the cost of living for older people

Which of the following explains an unintended consequence of China's anti-natalist one-child policy a. A projected shortage of working age people to care for the rising elderly population resulting in an increase in the cost of living for older people b. a dramatic reduction of the birth rate and a decline of the natural increase rate resulting in lower population growth c. Agricultural families were forced to relocate to the nearest city to search for employment, resulting in increased urban population d. Decreased spending on childhood expenses, such as education and nursery supplies results in a drop in domestic economic productivity e. A decreased emphasis on education due to the decreasing numbers of school age children results in a loss of international competitiveness.

warm lands

Which of the following is NOT a physical environment where human beings are likely to avoid clustering?

Canadian interregional movement shifted west to east given its large Pacific Rim community.

Which of the following is NOT true regarding interregional migration? a. Canadian interregional movement shifted west to east given its large Pacific Rim community. b. Soviet Russia's interregional migration was largely orchestrated by government policies to develop economic centers near resource rich areas. c. Brazilian interior development was orchestrated by the planned city development of Brasilia and flexible land use policies in the Amazon. d. China's rural to urban movement, up until recently, had been restricted through government policies. e. Russia's current interregional migration patterns are representative of less government mandated relocation and economic policies.

Higher numbers of women in the destination workforce attract women.

Which of the following is a factor that contributes to higher numbers of female migrants? a. Higher numbers of women in the destination workforce attract women. b. The only opportunities available are in domestic care which discourages male migrants. c. It is perceived by the sending country to be a brain drain if men migrate, therefore only women are allowed to leave d. Women are willing to pay smugglers more to cross borders illegally. e. Men prefer that their wives migrate first to establish the first chain in chain migration.

Both were and are motivated primarily by economic factors.

Which statement most accurately describes the motivations of the historic European and current Latin American immigrants to the United States? a. Both were and are motivated primarily by economic factors. b. Migrants from Europe were fleeing religious persecution while migrants from Latin America are motivated by economic factors. c. Both were and are motivated by a desire to join family members already in the United States. d. Migrants from Europe mostly spoke English while migrants from Latin American mostly speak Spanish. e. Both were and are motivated by famine in their home countries.

brain drain

the large scale emigration of talented people