UNIT 2 WH TOPIC TEST

In Bartolome de las Casas' journal, he argued that the Spanish were not behaving as Christians should when he stated that

"these so called Christians set about stealing from people and murdering them"

What was Vasco da Gama's main goal? to find a water route to India to discover Brazil to explore for the Spanish to reach the Americas

A

What was the most significant result of the Spanish colonization of Central and South America? Spain became rich by stealing the wealth of the American colonies. Spain brought advanced cultural values to the American colonies. Spain brought religion and high moral values to the American colonies. Spain was transformed by the cultural richness of the New World.

A

How were the Mayas and the Zapotecs similar?

Both civilizations played a ball game with hoops.

Which statement best explains how terrace farming differed from slash-and-burn agriculture?

Terrace farming was used to grow crops in mountain areas, while slash-and-burn agriculture was used to grow crops in rainforests.

As navigation skills advanced, explorers reached the area now known as the Straits of Magellan. The Straits of Magellan are located

south of Chile and Argentina.

Define colonization

when a nation conquered and settles another country for its own benefit

Which Spanish class included Spanish colonists born in the Americas?

criollos

How did nearly all the American Indians die in the first Spanish colonies?

disease

Which is true regarding Moctezuma II

he invited Cortes into the city of Tenochtitlan

Where were the Spanish colonies located in the New World?

in the West Indies

The Incas developed a record-keeping system using

knots and designs in strings.

The tribute states of the ancient Aztec empire

made regular payments to the emperor.

The tribute states of the ancient Aztec empire were governed directly by the emperor. made regular payments to the emperor. acted as powerful independent city-states. surrounded the main Aztec city-state.

made regular payments to the emperor.

Global exploration by sea was made possible primarily by

new technology.

Arranged from greatest privileges to fewest privileges, which is the correct order of the Spanish class system?

peninsulares, criollos, mestizos, Indians, and enslaved persons

Arranged from greatest privileges to fewest privileges, which is the correct order of the Spanish class system? peninsulares, criollos, mestizos, Indians, and enslaved persons peninsulares, mestizos, criollos, Indians, and enslaved persons criollos, peninsulares, mestizos, Indians, and enslaved persons mestizos, peninsulares, criollos, Indians, and enslaved persons

A

Cartography is the science of mapmaking. the process of transporting explorers. an advanced type of sailing ship. a device used for navigation.

A

Exploration was carried out competitively among European nations. cooperatively between the peoples of the world. cooperatively between the nations of Europe. with a sense of goodwill toward all people.

A

Which statement best explains how terrace farming differed from slash-and-burn agriculture? Terrace farming was used to grow crops in mountain areas, while slash-and-burn agriculture was used to grow crops in rainforests. Terrace farming was used to grow crops in rainforests, while slash-and-burn agriculture was used to grow crops in mountain areas. Terrace farming allowed farmers to grow a variety of crops, while slash-and-burn agriculture could only be used to grow corn. Terrace farming could only be used to grow corn, while slash-and-burn agriculture allowed farmers to grow a variety of crops.

A

Since New Spain was discovered], great atrocities were committed against the indigenous people of the region and some were killed by members of the expedition. These so-called Christians set about stealing from the people and murdering them on the pretense of settling the area. And [since that time] the great iniquities and injustices, the outrageous acts of violence and the bloody tyranny of these Christians have steadily escalated, the perpetrators having lost all fear of God . . . and all sense of self-respect. -Bartolomé de las Casas

According to Bartolomé de las Casas, the effect of atrocities, injustices, and outrageous acts on the perpetrators is that... they lose respect for themselves and become distanced from God, in whom they claim to believe

What did the Chavíns and the Incas have in common?

Both civilizations lived in the Andes Mountains.

Paying tribute included giving gold or human sacrifice victims to a larger, more powerful empire. Which empire forced others to pay tribute?

Aztec Empire

As navigation skills advanced, explorers reached the area now known as the Straits of Magellan. The Straits of Magellan are located south of Chile and Argentina. at the southernmost point of Brazil. between the South China Sea and India. at the southern tip of Africa.

B

Inca civilization was structured as a coalition of independent city-states. a large empire with one ruler. tribes unified under one religion. tribute states under a central authority.

B

This photo shows an early Mesoamerican structure. What was this structure most likely used for? creating terraces for farm fields practicing religious ceremonies playing a ball game with stone hoops protecting a city from invading armies

C

This photo shows ruins at Machu Picchu. Which early American civilization built this ancient city? the Aztecs the Chavins the Incas the Maya

C

What was one characteristic of early European exploration? It was safe. It was fast. It was expensive. It was predictable.

C

Which statement best describes the political structure of the ancient Aztecs? The Aztecs developed city-states that were powerful but independent. The Aztec civilization included different groups unified under a single religion. The Aztec civilization was ruled by an emperor and had about four hundred tribute states. The Aztecs were ruled by representatives from different city-states.

C

During the Age of Discovery, interactions between Asia and Europe led to competition for land and resources and caused trade setbacks for Europeans. led to the creation of maps that were too difficult to read. were welcome and peaceful. were accompanied by an increase in trade.

D

What was one difference between Vasco da Gama and Bartolomeu Dias? Dias accidentally reached the tip of Africa, while this was da Gama's purpose. Dias was from Spain, while da Gama was from Italy. Dias circumnavigated the globe, while da Gama did not. Da Gama found the Cape of Good Hope, while Dias did not.

D

What was one difference between Vasco da Gama and Bartolomeu Dias?

Dias accidentally reached the tip of Africa, while this was da Gama's purpose.

What was one difference between Vasco da Gama and Bartolomeu Dias?

Dias circumnavigated the globe, while da Gama did not.

Who explored North America and the Arctic?

Henry Hudson

Whose explorations led to a greater knowledge of North America, the Arctic, Australia, and the Hawaiian islands?

Henry Hudson's and James Cook's

Atahualpa was the leader of the

Inca Empire

Cuzco was once a large city in the

Inca civilization.

How did Vasco da Gama's success in opening a seagoing trade route to Asia help Portugal?

It allowed Portugal to build a trading empire.

What was one characteristic of early European exploration?

It was expensive.

The Aztecs controlled the most powerful empire in

Mexico

Which leader was imprisoned by Cortes?

Moctezuma II

What was the most significant result of the Spanish colonization of Central and South America?

Spain became rich by stealing the wealth of the American colonies

Which statement best describes the political structure of the ancient Aztecs?

The Aztec civilization was ruled by an emperor and had about four hundred tribute states.

Which statement best describes the political structure of the ancient Chavíns?

The Chavín civilization included different groups unified under a single religion.

Which statement best describes the political structure of the ancient Mayas?

The Mayas developed city-states that were powerful but independent.

How did Olmec civilization differ from Maya civilization

The Olmecs were the first culture to live in Mesoamerica. The Mayas came later and adopted some of the Olmecs' early practices.

The Olmec people

constructed giant stone monuments.

The smallpox outbreak occurred before the Spaniards attacked, which result is most likely to have occurred?

The native population may not have been so easily defeated

How did interactions among the peoples and societies of the world during the age of discovery affect European technology?

They led to technological growth.

Inca civilization was structured as

a large empire with one ruler.

During the Age of Discovery, the purpose of most European explorations was to search for resources and trade routes and to

claim territory outside of Europe.

Exploration was carried out

competitively among European nations.

In Portugal, the ability and motivation to explore was aided by

strong leadership from Prince Henry.

the encomienda system was a slavery system except

that the enslaved could not be sold off of the land

Moctezuma II rules over

the Aztecs as King near the beginning of the 16th century

This photo shows ruins at Machu Picchu. Which early American civilization built this ancient city?

the Incas

Which early American civilization built the ancient city of Machu Picchu?

the Incas

This map shows the location of the Olmec civilization in the area shaded orange. Which early American culture lived to the east of the Olmecs? the Aztecs the Chavins the Incas the Maya

the Maya

The fact that the astrolabe was developed in the Muslim empire implies that

the Muslim empire was advanced in technology.

The conquistadors were driven primarily by

the desire for gold

In Inca society, the Sapa Inca served as

the emperor.

During the Age of Discovery, interactions between Asia and Europe led to competition for land and resources and

were accompanied by an increase in trade.

Cartography is

the science of mapmaking.

Why did Spain create missions in the colonies?

to assimilate ( make similar) America Indians

What was one of Portugal's main goals in exploring the west coast of Africa?

to claim territory along the coast

What was Vasco da Gama's main goal?

to find a water route to India

Why did Europeans travel across the Mediterranean Sea to reach the Silk Road?

to obtain cloths, spices, and other goods

Why did the Spanish gov't establish the encomienda system in the Spanish colonies?

to set up a labor supply

For what primary purpose did the Spanish enslave many American Indians?

to work n the mines and grow sugar

The Treaty of Tordesillas best facilitated exploration by

settling competition over colonized territories.

How did Olmec civilization differ from Maya civilization? The Olmecs were the first culture to live in Mesoamerica. The Mayas came later and adopted some of the Olmecs' early practices. The Mayas were the first culture to live in Mesoamerica. The Olmecs came later and rejected most of the Mayas' early practices. The Olmec civilization declined after a prolonged drought, while the Maya civilization continued to flourish into the 1500s. The Maya civilization declined after a prolonged drought, while the Olmec civilization declined after years of warfare

A

How did interactions among the peoples and societies of the world during the age of discovery affect European technology? They led to technological growth. They had no real impact on technology. They were damaging to technological know-how. They stifled technological growth.

A

Paying tribute included giving gold or human sacrifice victims to a larger, more powerful empire. Which empire forced others to pay tribute? Aztec Empire Inca Empire Spanish Empire Portuguese Empire

A

The Treaty of Tordesillas best facilitated exploration by settling competition over colonized territories. establishing sea routes to Asia. sponsoring voyages along Africa's west coast. selecting trained explorers .

A

The encomienda system was a slavery system except that the enslaved could not be sold off the land. a noble attempt to care for the native people. a system in which land was distributed to the native people. a model for the medieval system to be developed in Spain.

A

Which explorer extended France's influence in the Americas through his establishment of Quebec? Samuel de Champlain Vasco da Gama Robert de La Salle Christopher Columbus

A

Read the passage by Bartolomé de las Casas. [Since New Spain was discovered], great atrocities were committed against the indigenous people of the region and some were killed by members of the expedition. These so-called Christians set about stealing from the people and murdering them on the pretense of settling the area. And [since that time] the great iniquities and injustices, the outrageous acts of violence and the bloody tyranny of these Christians have steadily escalated. -Bartolomé de las Casas Which excerpt from the passage best supports Bartolomé's argument that the Spanish were not behaving as Christians should? "since New Spain was discovered, great atrocities were committed" "these so-called Christians set about stealing from people and murdering them" "the indigenous people of the region and some were killed by members of the expedition" "the bloody tyranny of these Christians have steadily escalated"

B

The Incas developed a record-keeping system using shells and beads on strings. knots and designs in strings. writing and pictographs. numbers and calculations

B

In Inca society, the Sapa Inca served as a chief. a farmer. the emperor. the religious leader.

C

Where were the first Spanish colonies located in the New World? in Canada in North America in South America in the West Indies

D

This photo shows an early Mesoamerican structure. What was this structure most likely used for?

playing a ball game with stone hoops