Unit 3 Gov Test

The text in the passage likely inspired Congress to act based on which of the following clauses of the United States Constitution?

The equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment

which of the following is a major difference between the issue of shield laws and the issue of prior restraint?

The issue of shield laws does not apply to the federal government because criminal prosecutions occur only at the state level. On the other hand, the issue of prior restraint arises only in situations in which the president is invoking executive privilege to prevent information from being reviewed.

The author cites the case District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) in order to

illustrate that the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Second Amendment has recently changed

Which of the following is a doctrine based on the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution that was used in McDonald v. Chicago (2010) to limit the power of states and protect the right to keep and bear arms?

Selective incorporation

In McDonald v. Chicago (2010), the Court ruled that the Second Amendment right to bear arms was applicable to the states. Which of the following sections of the United States Constitution did the Supreme Court use to support its ruling?

The doctrine of selective incorporation through the Fourteenth Amendment, holding that state action limiting gun rights deprived persons of "life, liberty, or property, without due process of law"

While a right to privacy is not explicitly named in the Constitution, what clause has the court used to protect this right from state infringement?

The due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment

In Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954), the Supreme Court struck down racial segregation in public schools, finding that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." What constitutional clause did the Court rely most heavily on to reach this decision?

The equal protection clause

Which of the following amendments contains the Bill of Rights protections that were most likely violated in this scenario?

The Fourth Amendment

In Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) how did the Supreme Court's decision address state interests and individual rights?

It balanced the state's interest in compulsory education with the students' free exercise rights.

The United States Supreme Court reviewed state-mandated racial segregation in public schools. The Court stated that the separate schools "involved have been equalized, or are being equalized, with respect to buildings, curricula, qualifications and salaries of teachers, and other 'tangible' factors. Our decision, therefore, cannot turn on merely a comparison of these tangible factors [among the] schools involved in each of the cases. We must look instead to the effect of segregation itself

The Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)

Which of the following is an example of affirmative action?

A business actively recruits qualified minorities, women, and persons with disabilities in order to be eligible for work with the national government.

Which of the following scenarios is an example of an affirmative action policy?

A federal contractor actively recruits underrepresented groups for positions in the company.

The case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) upheld the standard of "separate but equal" in American law. Which of the following explains how this case relates to Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) ?

Plessy established a precedent that was eventually overturned in the Brown case.

Which of the following best characterizes the debate regarding the Second Amendment

The Second Amendment is viewed by some as an individual rights issue but by others as a states' rights issue.

A person accused of a crime cannot afford an attorney, so the state provides the accused with a public defender. Which of the following amendments in the Bill of Rights best applies in this scenario?

The Sixth Amendment

Which of the following parts of the United States Constitution is incorporated to the states based on the ruling in McDonald v. Chicago (2010) ?

"[T]he right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed."

What has the Supreme Court said about the right to privacy?

A right to privacy is not clearly present in the Constitution, but the court has determined that it does exist.

In the case Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States (1964), the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had the power under the commerce clause to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Which of the following explains how this case is similar to Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) ?

Both cases upheld the power of the federal government to ensure equal protection under the law.

Which of the following cases is most similar to Shelley v. Kraemer (1948) ?

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)

Which of the following states has the greatest protection for freedom of the press

New York

Which of the following cases addresses the issue of mandatory public school prayer?

Engel v. Vitale (1962)

Which of the following cases arose from a state law that mandates public schools to begin the school day with the reading of a nondenominational prayer by a school official?

Engel v. Vitale (1962)

Which of the following constitutional concepts is most closely associated with affirmative action policies?

Equal protection clause

What generally does the Fourteenth Amendment provide for?

Equal protection of the laws and due process

Students at a public university hold a peaceful protest to demonstrate against an increase in the cost of college tuition. Which of the following constitutional protections best applies to this scenario?

The First Amendment

Which of the following is accurate regarding the Supreme Court's interpretation of a right to privacy?

The court's interpretation of a right to privacy has been the subject of controversy.