unit 3

A patient with an upper respiratory infection (common cold) tells the nurse, "I am so angry with the nurse practitioner because he would not give me any antibiotics." What would be the most accurate response by the nurse?

"Antibiotics have no effect on viruses.

The nurse is reviewing discharge instructions for a client who was prescribed amoxicillin to be taken twice a day. Which statement by the client would require further teaching?

"Once I start feeling better, I should stop taking the antibiotic.

The friend of a long-term care client comes to visit despite having an upper respiratory infection. What health teaching will the nurse share with the visitor?

"Please get a mask from the staff upon entry and use a mask along with hand hygiene when visiting to prevent the spread of infection to your friend and others."

A 36-year-old client is in the clinic for an annual physical. The client asks the nurse, "Should I get a flu shot?" Which is the best response by the nurse?

"The flu shot is recommended for all people over 6 months of age."

A client is alarmed about testing positive for MRSA following culture testing during admission to the hospital. What should the nurse teach the client about this diagnostic finding?

"This doesn't mean that you have an infection; it shows that the bacteria live on one of your skin surfaces."

A client has been placed on droplet precautions for meningococcal meningitis. The nurse must wear a mask when entering the room and especially when within which distance of the infected client?

3 ft (1 m)

A public health nurse is teaching a mother about vaccinations prior to obtaining informed consent for her child's vaccination. What should the nurse cite as the most common adverse effect of vaccinations?

Allergic reactions to the antigen or carrier solution

The nurse is caring for an older adult client who develops a fever, rash over the trunk, and back and complains of feeling achy and very tired. What should the nurse suspect is occurring with this client?

An autoimmune response

A client who has had abdominal surgery develops an infection in the wound while still hospitalized. Which precautions are implemented by the nurse to prevent the spread of infection?

Contact precautions

The process of phagocytosis involves

Digestion of microbes by WBCs

A nurse is working in a hospital to which a client has been admitted with pulmonary tuberculosis. Which action will the nurse take when using correct precautions with this client?

Don an N95 respirator mask prior to entering the client's room.

A nursing student is performing a urinary catheterization for the first time on a female client and inadvertently contaminates the catheter by touching the bed linens. What should the nurse do next to maintain surgical asepsis for this procedure?

Gather new sterile supplies and start over

An experienced nurse is mentoring a new nurse on the proper use of hand hygiene. What is an accurate guideline that should be discussed?

Hand hygiene must be performed after contact with inanimate objects near the client

Viruses invade living cells. Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?

Hepatitis B

A nurse follows surgical asepsis techniques for inserting an indwelling urinary catheter in a client. What is an accurate guideline for using this technique?

Hold sterile objects above waist level to prevent inadvertent contamination.

A client is admitted to the acute care unit with an infected leg wound. Which of the following is the part of the natural immune system that failed to protect the client against infection?

Intact skin

Which intervention should a nurse perform after administering an injection of penicillin to a client with an infection?

Make the client wait at least 30 minutes before leaving the health care facility.

The nurse places a client in isolation. Isolation techniques have the potential to break the chain of infection by interfering with what component of the chain of infection?

Mode of transmission

A nurse is preparing to add a sterile solution to a sterile container on a sterile field. After opening the container, what would the nurse do with the cap?

Position it with the inside facing up on a flat surface.

The nurse educator on a hospital unit has posted reminders about the appropriate use of standard precautions when providing client care. What guideline should the nurses follow when determining the appropriate application of standard precautions?

Standard precautions should be used with all clients, regardless of infection status.

Painless chancres are associated with which systemic disease?

Syphilis

A client had her nares and perineum swabbed for pathogens upon admission to the hospital, and the results indicate that the client has been colonized with an antibiotic-resistant microorganism. What is an implication of this assessment finding?

The client lacks signs and symptoms of infection but microorganisms are present

When a hospitalized client requires contact precautions, which responses is necessary?

The client should be placed in a private room when possible.

Nursing students are reviewing information about infectious diseases and events associated with infection. Students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify the incubation period as which of the following?

Time between exposure and onset of symptoms

The nurse is preparing to insert an intravenous catheter into a client. Which infection control procedure will the nurse use to ensure safe client care?

Use a sterile intravenous catheter

A nurse provides care for a diverse population of clients on a busy acute medicine unit. Which client is likely the most susceptible to infection?

a 39-year-old man who has been admitted because his HIV has recently developed into AIDS

Surgical asepsis is defined as:

absence of all microorganisms.

For which client would the use of standard precautions alone be appropriate?

an incontinent client in a nursing home who has diarrhea

A client suffers from bloody diarrhea after eating contaminated food at a local restaurant. The client has been infected with a(an):

bacteria.

The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. The prior shift's nurse has placed the client in droplet precautions. Which is the appropriate nursing action?

change to airborne precautions

The nurse is caring for a 27-year-old client who presents with possible signs of an infected abdominal wound. Which action should the nurse prioritize and initiate after receiving the results of the laboratory test indicating the client has methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection?

contact

The nurse is caring for an older adult with influenza. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

droplet

The nurse and a colleague have admitted a client who is on contact precautions. The nurse and colleague are removing their personal protective equipment and the nurse sees the colleague perform the pictured action. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?

encourage the colleague to remove the glove by grasping the cuff

A nurse is preparing a sterile field and has removed the sterile drape from the outer wrapper. The nurse places the inner drape in the center of the work surface with the outer flap facing in which direction?

facing away from the body

To eliminate needlesticks as potential hazards to nurses, the nurse should:

immediately deposit uncapped needles into a puncture-proof plastic container.

The nurse is caring for a client who became very ill after ingesting seafood. How will the nurse document this condition?

noncommunicable disease

A nurse is providing care to a client who has developed an infection due to Candida. The infection is resistant to several medications. The client asks the nurse how he may have developed this infection. When responding to the client, the nurse would incorporate an understanding of which factor as contributing to the organism's resistance?

overprescription of antibiotics

A client on airborne precautions asks the nurse to leave the door open. What is the nurse's best reply?

"I have to keep your door shut at all times. I'll open the curtains so that you don't feel so closed in."

A client in the emergency department waiting room is showing signs of respiratory symptoms. The nurse should inform the client to keep approximately what distance from others?

3 ft (1 m)

A nurse is caring for a client who is on droplet precautions. What distance should be maintained between this client and other noninfected clients and visitors? R

3 ft (1 m)

A nurse is taking stock of the equipment in the room of an older adult client with pneumonia who has been on parenteral nutrition for a long time. Which equipment can transmit infection to older adult clients?

indwelling catheter

A physician orders a stool culture for client who complains of frequent, persistent diarrhea and cramping. The most likely purpose of this diagnostic test is to check for:

intestinal ova or parasites

The nurse is receiving a confused client with a draining wound onto the medical-surgical unit. Which room assignment will the nurse make?

into a private room

The nurse is preparing a sterile field for a procedure in the client's presence. Which is the most appropriate instruction to give the client in this situation?

"I have set up this sterile field for your procedure, so please do not touch anything around the tray."

An older adult client has been diagnosed with Legionella infection. When planning this client's care, the nurse should prioritize which of the following nursing actions?

Vigilant monitoring of respiratory status

A client tests positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody but has no symptoms. This client is considered a carrier. What component of the infection cycle does the client illustrate?

a reservoir

Which of the following terms describes foreign particles that enter a host and stimulate the body's immune response?

antigen

What are the recommended cleansing agents for hand hygiene in any setting when the risk of infection is high?

antimicrobial products

The nurse is preparing to change a client's sterile dressing. Which action by the nurse would increase the risk for infection?

applying a new dressing with the gloves that were used to remove the old dressing

The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) collecting a urine specimen from a client with Staphylococcus aureus infection. Which action by the UAP would require the nurse to intervene?

removes gloves and walks out of the room

A nurse needs to send the blood and urine specimen of a client with acute diarrhea to the pathology laboratory. Which precaution is the priority when collecting and delivering the specimens to the laboratory?

use sealed containers in a plastic biohazard bag

Which care intervention should the nurse anticipate when providing care to a client admitted with a possible diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB)?

wearing a particulate respirator for all care and interaction with this client