unit 3 test review

At rest, a normal person breathes about_______ times per minute

12

The life span of an erythrocyte is about ________ days

120

Which valve prevents the backflow of blood into the left ventricle when the ventricles relax?

Aortic semilunar valve

The pulmonary trunk receives blood from the right ventricle and conducts it toward the lung. The pulmonary trunk is an?

Artery

Sodium, calcium, and bicarbonate are all described as plasma

Electrolytes

Food is normally prevented from entering the nasopharynx by the

Elevation of the soft palate

The second signal during B-lymphocyte activation involves stimulation from

IL-4 release by helper T-lymphocytes

what are the cell to cell contracts of the cardiac muscle fibers called?

Intercalated discs

The main function of serous fluid is to?

Lubricate and reduce friction between pleural membranes around the lung

When central chemoreceptors detect a drop in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid,

Medullary respiratory centers trigger an increase in rate and depth of breathing

what structures are used by both the respiratory and digestive systems?

Oropharynx and laryngopharynx

The fossa ovalis appears just above the opening of the coronary sinus within the?

Right atrium

When compared to a primary response, the antibody levels in a secondary response?

Rise more rapidly and with a greater proportion of IgG antibodies

Vaccines are effective because they?

Stimulate the development of immunologic memory

Which circuit of the cardiovascular system is responsible for sending blood to the kidneys, stomach, and pelvic regions?

Systemic circuit

Subclavian trunks lymph from the

Upper limbs, breasts and superficial thorax

The term "epicardium" is another name for the

Visceral layer of the serosal pericardium

B-lymphocytes are

White blood cells that are generated in red marrow

What are considered the effectors of humoral immunity?

antibodies

the most numerous of the formed elements are the

erythrocytes

A fever__________ reproduction of bacteria and __________ CAMs on the endothelium of capillaries of lymph nodes

inhibits; increases

The reason it is more appropriate to call an erythrocyte a "formed element" rather than a "cell" is that erythrocytes?

lack of nucleus and organelles

In which abdominal quadrant is the spleen located?

left upper quadrant

Which of the following does not contain red marrow?

long bones of digits

"complement" refers to a group of?

plasma proteins

these muscles increase thoracic cavity dimensions by elevating the first and second ribs during forced inhalation?

scalenes

Regions of MALT called peyer patches are found in the?

small intestine

Which lymphatic organ contains red pulp and white pulp?

spleen

if agglutination occurs after a blood transfusion, it may indicate

the wrong blood type was used

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of carbon dioxide and endocrine hormones?

transportation