Unit 4 Second Assessment
Interest-group pluralism refers to a system in which
many interest groups compete to influence government policy
The nature of the social and political cleavages in China and Russia are different because in China
the Communist party is still on important and stable channel of upward mobility, while in Russia is it not
Which of the following pairs of countries both require that the chief executive receive an absolute majority of the public's votes to be elected?
Iran and Russia
Which institution has responsibility for organizing federal elections in Mexico?
The Institute of Federal Elections (IFE)
The voting behavior of members of the British House of Commons is principally determined by their
party affiliation
What is the most common selection method for members of the UK's House of Lords?
Being nominated by the prime minister and approved by the monarch
Which of the following best explains why both Nigeria and the UK have two major political parties?
Both countries' electoral systems use single-member districts with first-past-the-post rules, which tend to favor catch-all parties.
Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the current political party systems in Russia and China?
China has a one-party system, while Russia has a dominant-party system
A pluralist system is characterized by which of the following?
Competition among interest groups over public policy
In which of the following types of systems is economic policy necessarily negotiated among government, labor and industry?
Corporatist
The Green Movement in Iran in 2009 was a result of which of the following?
Corruption in presidential election
China's current economic and political systems can best be described as which of the following?
Economic system: mixed political system: authoritarian
Which of the following accurately compares social movements in AP Comparative Government and Politics course countries?
In Nigeria, the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) protested unjust methods of extraction and distribution or oil, while Iran's Green Movement protested electoral corruption
Which of the following best explains the impact of electoral rules on the number of effective political parties in the legislatures in Russia and the UK?
In Russia, electoral rules have limited the number of parties in the legislature, while in the UK, electoral rules have allowed regional parties to win legislative seats while maintaining a system with two major parties.
Which of the following explain the effects of different party system between two countries studied in the AP Comparative Government and Politics course?
In the UK, single-member plurality districts have created a two-party system, whereas in Iran formal political parties do not exist
Which of the following groups would most likely support Britain's Conservative Party?
Individuals who oppose the adoption of Europe's common currency
Which of the following accurately compares interest groups and social movements?
Interest groups are organized to advocate for a specific policy issue, whereas social movements advocate for broad social change.
Which of the following is true of coalition government?
It tends to result from a fragmented legislature and can be unstable
In relations with the EU, the two British parties that have had the most uniformly stable and favorable attitudes are
Liberal Democrats and Scottish Nationalists
What is the similarity between elections for the UK's House of Commons and elections for the Nigerian House of Representatives?
Members are directly elected by plurality in single-member districts
Which of the following best explains a characteristic of elections in Mexico and Nigeria?
Mexico and Nigeria both have independent electoral commissions to reduce the impact of corrupt practices upon election results
Before the Mexican elections of 2000, the presidential nominee of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) had been chosen by which of the following processes?
Selection by the sitting president
Which is the best explanation for why the Mexican Chamber of Deputies has a higher proportion of women legislators than the UK Parliament?
Mexico has gender quota legislation requiring parties to place a minimum percentage of women on their party lists, while the UK does not
Which of the following is true of the electoral systems for the legislatures in Nigeria and Mexico?
Mexico uses a mix of proportional and first-past-the-post representation while Nigeria uses only first-past-the-post
Which of the following is a consequence of one-party rule in China?
Minor parties have limited influence on policy making in China
Which of the following is a common criticism of first-past-the-post voting systems?
Minority groups may be underrepresented
Why do single-member district (SMD) electoral systems tend to promote two-party systems?
Only one candidate can win in a SMD electoral system, so minor parties are less likely to win
Which of the following is true of political participation and parties in China and Mexico?
Parties other than the Chinese Communist Party are allowed to exist in China, while most Mexican voters in the 2018 election identified with the PRI, PAN, and MORENA
Which of the following statements comparing pluralism and corporatism is correct?
Pluralism leads more often to public debates and controversies, whereas corporation is associated more often with negotiations among elites.
Which of the following is an accurate explanation of the difference between political party systems in Iran and the UK?
Political parties in Iran are unable to effectively support candidates for election and are not well-established, while in the UK, political parties are free to compete and the election rules in place have resulted in a system with two major parties.
Which of the following is not a political party operating in the UK?
Progressive Royalists Party
Which of these countries has had a dominant-party system since 2000?
Russia
Which of the following is true of federalism in Mexico?
Since the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) no longer dominates electoral politics, governors have become more willing to exercise their formal powers.
Which of the following accurately compares how party systems affect citizen participation in two countries studied in the AP Comparative Government and Politics course?
Single-member-district plurality elections in the UK limit citizen interest in participation by diminishing the number of parties, whereas in Nigeria, despite also having single-member-district plurality elections, there is an abundance of political parties from which citizens can choose.
Which of the following best describes how social movements differ from interest groups?
Social movements tend to be less formally organized than interest groups
Which of the following is the best example of corporatism?
State sanctioned business or civil organizations meant to represent the public.
Which of the following statements best describes electoral systems that use proportional representation?
Such systems tend to encourage a proliferation of small parties
Which of the following explains the effect the Guardian Council's powers have on presidential candidates in Iran?
The Guardian Council restricts the number of reform-minded presidential candidates limiting the number of candidates.
Which of the following is an implications for competitiveness of the electoral process in Nigeria and Iran?
The Nigerian government has established an independent electoral commission to encourage competitiveness in elections, while the Iranian government continues to impose strict limits on who can run for office.
Which of the following statements best characterizes the varying geographic distribution of the electoral support received by the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) and the National Action Party (PAN) in Mexico since 2000?
The PAN receives significantly more support in northern Mexico than the PRD does
Since 2000, which of the following political parties has held the executive branch of its respective country for the longest period?
The People's Democratic Party of Nigeria
Which of the following pairs of countries uses ONLY single-member districts in the electoral system for its legislature?
The UK and Nigeria
Which of the following issues from the past ten years have led to significant public protests in Russia?
The election fraud and corruption of the government.
Which of the following statements about the 2011 Nigerian presidential election is most accuarate?
The election was relatively free and fair, according to most observers.
Facing worsening air pollution and environmental degradation, Chinese citizens have been increasingly organizing in large, informal groups to protest and mobilize for change. This is an example of which of the following?
The development of a social movement
Which of the following is an implication of political parties in both Iran and Russia?
The irrelevance of the traditional left-right ideological spectrum has reduced the importance of political parties in both countries
Which of the following describes how the Mexican president is elected?
The president is chosen using a plurality formula, where the candidate who wins the most votes in a single round is elected president.
Which of the following is the reason for Nigeria's electoral rule that presidential candidates must secure at least 25 percent of the vote in 2/3 of all states?
The president must have support among a broad cross section of Nigeria's diverse population
Political diversity in Iran's Majles is most constrained by which of the following?
The vetting of candidates by the Guardian Council
Which of the following best describes pluralist systems?
They promote competition among autonomous groups not linked to the state.
Which of the following is a true statement about the adoption of competitive elections in Chinese elections?
They were initiated by the state to control local corruption and incompetent leaders
Which of the following is a consequence of the UK's single-member district plurality electoral system?
Third parties without specific regional support are often underrepresented in Parliament
For most of its history, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) in Mexico has been
a dominant party
Party discipline in Great Britain tends to be strong because
a government's tenure in the House of Commons relies on its ability to maintain party support
Small parties in a single-member district plurality system are more likely to win seats when they
appeal to a geographically concentrated population
One similarity between Russia's Duma and China'a national People's Congress is that both have
been dominated by one political party
Which of the following best describes a pluralist interest-group system's policy-making process?
competition among autonomous groups
A pluralist interest group system is best characterized by
competition among multiple associational groups.
An interest group system that controls access to policy making by relying on state-sanctioned groups to represent labor, business, and agricultural sectors is
corporatist
From the 1930s through the 1990s, the structure of Mexico's organized labor interactions would be best described as
corporatist
the organizing principle of the Chinese Communist party is
democratic centralism
The number of political parties in a democratic legislature will most likely be influenced by the country's
electoral system
The electoral system in the UK tends to
exaggerate the scale of victory of the largest party
A corporatist political system is one in which
formal relationships exist between the government and recognized interest groups
Compared with first-past-the-post, a proportional representation electoral system
gives third parties a better chance at winning seats in a legislature
which of the following statements is an accurate comparison of the 2009 presidential election in Iran and the 2006 presidential election in Mexico?
in both elections, allegations of fraud were brought by the losing party
When deciding which party to vote for in an election, Russian voters are generally influenced most by the party's
leader
Compared to parties in a proportional-representation system, parties in single-member-district system are typically
less ideological and less class-based
Which of the following is a difference between the legislative electoral systems in Mexico and Britain?
members of the British House of Commons are elected in single-member districts , and members of the Mexican Chamber of Deputies are elected in single-member districts and through proportional representation
Which two countries use both first-past-the-post and proportional representation systems in elections to the lower house of the legislature?
mexico and russia
A second round of voting is help in a Russian presidential election when
no candidate receives a majority of the vote in the first round
One of the chief criticisms of corporatism is that it
often limits representative processes
Coalition government is likelier to occur in
parliamentary democracies with proportional representation electoral systems
Which of the following refers to the array of political parties operating in a particular country and the nature of the relationship between them?
party system
Which of the following election systems is most likely to produce the largest number of competitive political parties?
proportional representation
The "first-past-the-post" electoral system in Great Britain is based on
single-member districts
Public policy in Nigeria is influenced by both domestic and international factors. All of the following factors are central to the Nigerian policy-making process EXCEPT
single-party dominance in the legislature
An electoral system based on proportional representation is more likely than a system based on single member districts to encourage
the development of a multiparty system
Interest groups tend to have a minimal impact on individual legislators in parliamentary systems because
the strength of political parties gives individual legislators less power over policy
Which of the following best describes how members of Iran's Guardian Council are selected
the supreme leader selects six members and the judiciary selects the other six members with Majles approval.
The type of party system in a particular country is most influenced by the
type of electoral systems used for legislative elections
Which of the following groups would most likely support Mexico's Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD)?
urban workers
The occurrence of elections in typical parliamentary systems is
variable