Unit 4 - Weather & Climate - CONTENT Review

C. These methods are useful because they all reduce the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere. * All these guidelines reduce the need for energy and since much of the energy produced in the world comes from Fossil Fuel Combustion, using less energy results in less CO2 being released into the atmosphere.

Lisa learned that there may be a link between global warming and stronger hurricanes. She decided to follow these guidelines in order to reduce levels of carbon dioxide (CO2): Walk more. Use recycled paper. Use energy-efficient appliances. Use fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs. Which statement logically explains whether these methods are useful in decreasing global warming? A. These methods are not useful because they all release CO2 into the atmosphere. B. These methods are not useful because they all release heat energy into the atmosphere. C. These methods are useful because they all reduce the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere. D. These methods are useful because they all reduce the use of renewable energy sources instead of fossil fuels.

C. Carbon dioxide in the upper atmosphere absorbs and re-emits heat radiated from Earth's surface.

Many scientists accept the theory that excess emission of carbon dioxide from cars and industry causes a layer of gas in the upper atmosphere that traps heat. This in turn causes the average temperature on Earth to rise. Which of the following observations supports that theory? A. The summer of 1998 was one of the hottest summer seasons on record. B. Carbon dioxide gas from cars and industry is a product of burning that produces heat. C. Carbon dioxide in the upper atmosphere absorbs and re-emits heat radiated from Earth's surface. D. Radiation on Earth's surface is increasing because of a hole in the ozone layers.

B. a warmer climate * Carbon Dioxide is a GREENHOUSE gas - more of it would mean an increase in the heat that stays in the Earth's atmosphere

Many scientists think that burning fossil fuels has increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. What effect would the increase of carbon dioxide most likely have on the planet? A. a cooler climate B. a warmer climate C. lower relative humidity D. more ozone in the atmosphere

A. The company vehicles all use diesel fuel. * Diesel fuel is a fossil fuel. Burning it releases Carbon Dioxide, a greenhouse gas.

A business claims to be doing "everything possible" to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Which company practice would cause a consumer to question this claim? A. The company vehicles all use diesel fuel. B. The building lights are triggered by motion. C. The building is powered by geothermal energy. D. The company purchases recycled paper products.

A. Carbon dioxide will increase, causing an increase in temperature. * Fossil Fuels release Carbon Dioxide, a greenhouse gas, this could cause an increase in the average global temperature.

Assume the use of fossil fuels continues to increase over the next decade. What prediction are scientists most likely to make for carbon dioxide and temperature change? A. Carbon dioxide will increase, causing an increase in temperature. B. Temperature will increase, causing a decrease in carbon dioxide. C. Carbon dioxide will increase, and temperature will remain the same. D. Temperature will increase, and carbon dioxide will remain the same.

(Think about it, Research your response - no answer is given.)

What are two possible consequences of Global Warming?

B. It would decrease the amount of carbon dioxide reaching the atmosphere, reducing global warming. * Plants USE carbon dioxide during photosynthesis

Deforestation is the removal of naturally occurring forests. These forests are cleared in order to provide land for farms or buildings. Some scientists want to reduce the amount of deforestation. How would reducing deforestation help global warming? A. It would prevent farmers from planting renewable biofuels that would have reduced global warming. B. It would decrease the amount of carbon dioxide reaching the atmosphere, reducing global warming. C. It would increase the amount of oxygen released into the atmosphere, which would bond together and create ozone, increasing global warming. D. It would prevent destruction of animal homes, allowing these animals to survive and breathe in oxygen that would otherwise increase global warming.

(Think about it, Research your response - no answer is given.)

Describe a law we could put in place in the U.S. that would lead to reduced greenhouse gas emissions.

B. removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during the process of photosynthesis. * During photosynthesis, plants take in CO2 and give off oxygen. Plants are a WIN-WIN for ALL animals!

Green plants can reduce greenhouse gases by... A. producing oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis. B. removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during the process of photosynthesis. C. absorbing sunlight in the plants' chlorophyll molecules. D. providing shade and moisture to cool the air in the lower part of the atmosphere.

C. Sea level would rise, and the polar ice caps would decrease in size. * The sea level would increase due to the melting of the ice caps. There are HUGE reserves of water in the ice caps, so warmer temperatures would cause them to decrease in size and cause sea levels to rise around the world.

If the temperature of Earth rose over time, which of the following would occur? A. Sea level would fall, and the polar ice caps would decrease in size. B. Sea level would fall, and the polar ice caps would increase in size. C. Sea level would rise, and the polar ice caps would decrease in size. D. Sea level would rise, and the polar ice caps would increase in size.

B. global warming might be reduced because of the decrease in carbon dioxide caused by photosynthesis. * Plants USE carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. The more plants we have, the more carbon dioxide gets changed into oxygen, thereby reducing the amount of this greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.

One major contributor to global warming is an increased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. If the number of living plants significantly increased, A. global warming might get worse because of the increase in carbon dioxide caused by plants. B. global warming might be reduced because of the decrease in carbon dioxide caused by photosynthesis. C. global warming might get worse because of the increase in oxygen caused by plants. D. there might not be a noticeable impact on global carbon dioxide levels.

B. Renewable energy sources produce fewer greenhouse gases than fossil fuels.

One proposal for reducing global warming is to decrease the use of fossil fuels and increase the use of renewable energy. Which statement explains why using renewable energy will help reduce global warming? A. Renewable energy sources are more efficient than fossil fuels. B. Renewable energy sources produce fewer greenhouse gases than fossil fuels. C. Fossil fuels require more expensive technology than renewable energy sources. D. Fossil fuels produce chemicals that destroy ozone, but renewable energy sources do not.

C. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere blocks energy from escaping into space. * Remember, CO2 is a GREENHOUSE GAS

Pollution has many causes and can affect air and water quality in a variety of ways. The burning of fossil fuels may contribute to an increase in global temperatures. What might lead to this increase in temperature? A. The combustion products reflect solar radiation away from Earth. B. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere attracts solar radiation. C. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere blocks energy from escaping into space. D. The combustion products allow more energy to enter the earth.

B. use of fossil fuels by humans *Beginning with the Industrial Revolution

Scientists are investigating the cause of the large increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration since about 1800. Which of the following provides the best explanation for the increase? A. eruptions of large volcanoes B. use of fossil fuels by humans C. natural fluctuations of climate D. photosynthesis by phytoplankton

C. by increasing the amount of of rising sea levels * Rising temperatures would cause increase melting of the polar ice caps. Although hard to believe, enough of this ice could melt to raise the over all sea levels of the world.

Since 1901, global surface temperatures have risen at an average rate of 0.13 degrees Fahrenheit ever 10 years. In which way could the average increase in global temperatures influence Earth? A. by decreasing erosion within coastal ecosystems B. by decreasing periods of drought in all water systems C. by increasing the amount of of rising sea levels D. by increasing the formation of sea ice within polar regions

D. The city had cold weather but a warm climate. * Tricky question, an example of why you need to read questions and ALL the choices carefully

Susan lives in a city where the days are usually very warm. However, yesterday was very cold. Which statement is true about the city yesterday? A. The city had cold weather and climate. B. The city had warm weather and climate. C. The city had warm weather but a cold climate. D. The city had cold weather but a warm climate.

A. Earth's Climate is gradually warming.

The amount of Arctic Sea Ice has decreased significantly since 1979. Which hypothesis is best supported by the reduction in sea-ice coverage? A. Earth's Climate is gradually warming. B. Arctic Sea Ice is migrating away from the Earth's poles. C. Global Warming is caused by human activity, not nature. D. Global warming occurs only at the Earth's poles during the summer

C. using renewable power sources * Renewable energy resources do not rely on fossil fuel combustion

Use the information to answer the following question(s). Over the last 150 years, the use of fossil fuels has increased, resulting in more carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Some scientists think that these atmospheric gases will result in global warming. Scientists have recorded data on global temperature changes and have predicted possible changes in sea level that may affect Maryland residents? Which action helps reduce global warming? A. developing highways B. driving large vehicles C. using renewable power sources D. using electricity from coal burning power plants

C. increasing carbon dioxide levels

Using fossil fuels in the United States will most likely contribute to rising sea levels globally by... A. increasing oxygen levels B. decreasing oxygen levels C. increasing carbon dioxide levels D. decreasing carbon dioxide levels

Carbon Dioxide is the greatest Methane is the second greatest

What are the two main Greenhouse Gases produced by human activities?

B. When there are more gases in the atmosphere so more heat is trapped which makes the Earth warmer.

What is Global Warming? A. The sun getting closer to the Earth B. When there are more gases in the atmosphere so more heat is trapped which makes the Earth warmer. C. Cows producing too much methane and killing grass and trees. D. Too many people living in the United States

D. Inside of a car becoming hot on a sunny day.

What is an example of the greenhouse effect? A. Baking brownies on a metal pan B. Stepping on hot pavement and it burning your feet C. Steam rising from a boiling water D. Inside of a car becoming hot on a sunny day

(Think about it, Research your response - no answer is given.)

What is the cause of Global Warming?

chlorofluorocarbon or CFCs

What man-made chemicals were discovered to cause depletion (decreasing) of the Ozone Layer?

C. Solar and wind energy are "green" because they produce the least amount of pollutants to the environment.

Which are both considered "green energy" sources? A. Gasoline and uranium are "green" because they produce the greatest amount of pollutants to the environment. B. Nuclear energy and oil are "green" because they produce the greatest amount of pollutants to the environment. C. Solar and wind energy are "green" because they produce the least amount of pollutants to the environment. D. Coal and natural gas are "green" because they produce the least amount of pollutants to the environment.

C. limiting internal combustion engines that power automobiles * Think about how many vehicles travel up and down the interstate every day. Each one is using gallon after gallon of fossil fuels.

Which human activity can have the greatest positive effect on global climate change by helping to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? A. removing trees to build houses B. recycling plastics to manufacture materials C. limiting internal combustion engines that power automobiles D. using alternatives to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) for refrigeration

B. driving in a car * This is the only choice that uses significant amounts of fossil fuels

Which human activity most affect the environment? A. rowing a boat B. driving in a car C. hiking on a trail D. talking on the phone

D. gasoline

Which is NOT a greenhouse gas? A. Carbon Dioxide B. water vapor C. methane D. gasoline

C. Troposphere

Which is the layer of the atmosphere that contains the greenhouse gases? A. Stratosphere B. Exosphere C. Troposphere D. Mesophere

D. average high and low monthly temperatures for 20 years * CLIMATE IS LOOOONG TERM

Which of the following data would be most useful for describing the climate of a specific area? A. average weekly wind speeds for 1 month B. daily relative humidity levels for 18 months C. total annual precipitation amounts for 2 years D. average high and low monthly temperatures for 20 years

D. average high and low monthly temperatures for 20 years * CLIMATE IS LOOOONG TERM

Which of the following data would be most useful for describing the climate of a specific area? A. average weekly wind speeds for 1 month B. daily relative humidity levels for 18 months C. total annual precipitation amounts for 2 years D. average high and low monthly temperatures for 20 years

D. the composition of the atmosphere

Which of the following has changed over the last 200 years primarily due to human activity? A. Earth's magnetic B. the frequency of earthquakes C. Earth's tectonic plate activity D. the composition of the atmosphere

D. Using renewable resources for energy generation would greatly reduce the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions. * Most of our electricity production in the U.S. comes from Fossil Fuel Combustion. If we used more renewable resources, the need for fossil fuels combustion would decrease and therefore the amount of carbon dioxide produce would decrease and therefore global warming could be slowed because the Greenhouse Effect would be less

Which of the following is a logical reason for using renewable resources in Kentucky? A. Using renewable resources for energy generation would improve the efficiency of land use B. Using renewable resources for energy generation would eliminate all emissions of greenhouse gases. C. Using renewable resources for energy generation would be less expensive than the means currently used D. Using renewable resources for energy generation would greatly reduce the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions.

A. increased use of fossil fuels * Fossil Fuel Combustion releases Carbon Dioxide. Since Carbon Dioxide is a greenhouse gas, this can cause an increase in average global temperatures.

Which of these could increase average global temperatures? A. increased use of fossil fuels B. increased ocean algal blooms C. decreased carbon dioxide emissions D. increased numbers of animal species

B. It will cause more energy to be reflected back to Earth.

Which statement describes how an increased concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) will most likely affect the global climate? A. It will cause less energy to be reflected back to Earth. B. It will cause more energy to be reflected back to Earth. C. It will cause a decrease in the thickness of the ozone layer. D. It will cause an increase in the thickness of the ozone layer.

D. CO2 traps thermal energy that is radiated towards space from Earth's surface. * CO2 (Carbon dioxide) is a Greenhouse Gas and traps heat

Which statement explains why an increase in the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration on Earth concerns climatologists? A. CO2 is hotter than other atmospheric gases. B. CO2 blocks sunlight more than other atmospheric gases. C. CO2 is a highly reactive substance that destroys Earth's surface. D. CO2 traps thermal energy that is radiated towards space from Earth's surface.

C. The temperature is 55 degrees Fahrenheit in Winslow today * Weather is short term and pretty specific geographically

Which statement is a description of weather? A. Summers in Tuscon are hot and dry B. Winters in Flagstaff are cold and snowy C. The temperature is 55 degrees Fahrenheit in Winslow today D. The Sun will set in Yuma today at 6:45 pm

A. producing energy using hydroelectric plants * Although they're not TOTALLY environmentally friendly, hydroelectric dams do not use fossil fuels/create greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide

Which would least likely have an impact on global climate changes? A. producing energy using hydroelectric plants B. producing energy using coal C. producing energy using oil D. producing energy using natural gas

B. Ozone Layer * The OZONE layer is a GOOD THING! When it gets thinner, more UV radiation gets to the surface of the Earth's adding to Global Warming, but also causing health concerns for human skin and eyes.

___________ ____________ is a layer of the Earth's atmosphere that helps to shield the Earth from Ultraviolet Radiation that comes from the sun. A. Global Warming B. Ozone Layer C. Greenhouse Effect D. Nitrogen Layer