Unit 5 Quiz

The technical definition of a reinforcer is:

any consequence of a behavior that strengthens the behavior or increases the likelihood that it will be performed again

episodic memory is the memory system that holds what kind of info.?

autobiographical knowledge

Which of the following eg is consistent with the Law of Effect? 1)The more you play soccer, the more likely you will continue to play soccer 2) The younger you are when you begin to play soccer, the more likely you will continue to play soccer. 3) The more you win in soccer, the more likely you will continue to play soccer 4) The more you watch soccer on TV, the more likely you will continue to play soccer.

3)The more you win in soccer, the more likely you will continue to play soccer

What describes a flashbulb memory

A person will have greater memory of some moments and emotional event

Which of the following statements about incidental vs. intentional learning is correct? a) Intentional learning is more effective than incidental learning b) Incidental learning is more effective than international learning c) Whether incidental or intentional learning is more effective depends on what type of learning is being assessed and the type of intentional strategies used. d) Whether incidental or intentional learning is more effective depends on the intelligence and expertise of the learner

C) Whether incidental or intentional learning is more effective depends on what type of learning is being assessed and the type of intentional strategies used.

_____________________ is a process that occurs after encoding that is believed to stabilize memory traces

Consolidations

When a goal-directed action becomes automated and routine it is called a;

Habit

After watching so many Olympics medal ceremonies, Barak fins himself humming along with the national anthem of Singapore even though he did not know it before and din not try to learn it. What is this an eg of?

Implicit learning

What best captures how memories work?

Memories are reconstructions of the event, which makes them susceptible to inaccuracy

Why can chess masters remember positions on a chess board better than novices?

chess masters are better able to chunk the information than novices

Why is metacognition so important for learning and memory?

People who have good metacognition are able to adjust their learning strategies when they are not effective.

When Carla was discussing the party with one of her friends, she was trying to remember a conversation she'd had. Carla was trying to access her:

episodic memory

______________ occurs when we acquire information without expending effort and that we cannot easily express.

implicit learning

A student who reviews his notes everyday after class is engaging in _______________ learning

intentional

"Please Exuse My Dear Aunt Sally" (PEDMAS) is a popular way for math teachers to help their students remebr the order of operations. This is an example of :

mnemonic devices

Kelly is grounded by her father, until she sits down and completes an important homework assignment. Which technique had her father used to try to alter her behavior

negative reinforcement

________________ occurs when signal repeated exposure leads to a change in behavior

non associative learning

If a tone is sometimes preceded by a light, and always followed by a shock, an animal will likely learn to fear:

only the tone and light if paired together

At your old apartment, you had to take out the trash every Friday. However, at your new apartment, the trash comes on Wednesdays. Now, you can never seem to remember to take the trash out in time (you keep thinking it needs to be taken out on Friday). This is an example of what type of forgetting?

proactive interference

The testing effect refers to:

repeated self-testing as a way to enhance retention of information

In the real world classical and operant conditioning occur together. The stimulus-response-outcome framework can explain many behaviors. Occasion setting is defined in the most complex link. Occasion setting is when:

the stimulus signals the response-outcome relationship is in effect

Jessy was speeding on his motorcycle when he saw another person pulled over by the police. This made Jessy slow down because he was reminded through watching another person what the punishment of his behavior would be. What is this specific process of observational learning called?

vicarious reinforcement

Which of the following is a reasonable explanation for why some students who get good grades in High school get bad grades in college?

The students lack the metacognition necessary to realize that the strategies they used to get good grades in High School may not be effective in college

Jaspreet has been nagged by his parents to make his bed.

When Jaspreet makes his bed and the nagging stops, he is negatively reinforced

encoding specificity principle is a hypothesis that states

a retrieval cue will be effective to the extent that information encoded from the cue is distinct or does not match information in the engram/memory trace.