Unit 5: Social Media
privacy
"Right to be let alone"
RSS reader or blog aggregator
"feed" that monitors your favorite blogs, collects the latest posts, and displays them
How does Geolocation work?
A person's physical location is determined by signals emitted by his or her digital device
online identity
A person's presence on a social media service
Suppose that you create a youtube video and add a music track from a recent hit film. Would your work be considered transformative? a. yes, I've created a new original work b. yes, the copyrighted sound track is just part of the new work c. no, im not going to make any money from it. d. no, the sound track is used in my work for the same purpose as in the original work
D
Location Services: IP address lookup
Provide a rough estimate of a device's location based on information in the WHOIS database. The country in which a device is located can be determined with 99% accuracy but the accuracy of pinpointing the region or city dwindles to about 50%
The works in most content communities are classified as what type of intellectual property? a. trademark and patent b. copyright and trademakr c. patent and trade secret d. copyright and patent
b. copyright and trademark
A service that displays the location of a post office on a map is using ___data a. geotagged b. geocoded c. social media d. crowdsourced
b. geocoded
Snapchat timer indicates__ a. the length of a video b. how long a snap can be viewed c. the transmission time d. the amount of time a snap remains on the Snapchat servers
b. how long a snap can be viewed
What is the risk of using third-party social media apps?
b. they access the data in users' social media accounts
creative common license
based on 5 rights that the copyright holders can grant or deny to others 1. Attribution 2. Share alike 3. no derivatives 4. public domain 5. noncommerical -rights can be combined for a variety of licenses
The right to privacy__
c. is a commonly held expectation
Which of the following is not likely to be part of a person's social media identity? a. an avatar b. a profile c. sockpuppets d. posts
c. sockpuppets
what is the primary advantage for formal tagging methods? a. They protect privacy b. They cannot be hacked c. They are machine-readable standards d. They limit the tag words that can be used to describe a media element
c. they are machine-read standards
can refer to a single message or entire system of computers and software that transmits, receives, and stores email messages
You are permitted to use someone else's work when___ a. the work is in the public domain b. you've obtained permission from the copyright's holder c. the work has license that allows your use d. all of the above
d. all of the above
If you subscribe to WordPress, how would you add the Boards & bikes blog to your list? a. by making a comment b. by subscribing to the archive c. by joining the blogroll d. by selecting the following button
d. by selecting the following button
Which one of the following would be considered crowdsourcing? a. skype conversations b. a blog entry c. a tweet d. facebook likes
d. facebook likes
The information that other people post about you is___
d. incidental data
Who is ultimately responsible for evaluating the material presented in a blog? a. the blogger b. the mainstream media c. the government d. the reader
d. the reader
snapchat FTC complaint
deceptive acts and practices; -agreed to discontinue deceptive advertising and take steps to enhance user privacy *Warnings.
impersonation
deliberately using the name or avatar of another person without his consent and with the intent to harm, defraud, or intimidate
sociograms
diagrams to depict connections between ppl
email message
electronic document transmitted over a computer network
one-way edges
exist when a relationship is not reciprocal ex: twitter follower who does not follow back
two-way edges
exist when two people consider each other to be friends
synchronous
interchanges happen in real time when all parties are online -advantage of immediacy -convey thoughts as you speak and events that happen ex. telephone call (video conferences)
blogger (lowercase b)
is a person who blogs
Blogger (uppercase B)
is the name of the Google's service that provides access to blogs and tools for creating them
Location Services: GPS Trilateration
locates smartphones and other devices containing GPS chips. It is accurate to within about 3 sq yds
asynchronous
messages are held until the recipient is ready to view -convenience -can be out of date ex: email
modeled as a Web-based version mobile text messaging -140 characters -platform for breaking news -citizen journalism -celebrity watching -online presence -public opinion -social organizing
derivative work
modifies a copyrighted work but does not substantially change its content or purpose ex: translations, adaptations, musical arrangements, dramatizations, reproductions, condensations etc -NOT fair use and require permission ex- mashups
Private communication
one or more recipients -limited audience can be advantage/disadvantage ex: Text messaging
wikipedia
online encyclopedia -Uses MediaWiki software to manage more than 30 million topic pages in 285 languages -non-biased, accurate, and verifiable info -Content standards: -NPOV-Neutral point of view -NOR-No original research -RS-Reliable sources -V-Verifiability *Info not always accurate or reliable
transformative work
repackages a copyrighted work to add new meaning or produce a work that is used for a purpose different from the original work -considered for fair use ex: parodies; cutting up magazines to create a collage
media content communities
specialize in user-generated images, videos, animations, and audio -server-based content management software and un associated database -create and post original media files, such as videos, photos, or audio tracks -once media is posted to a server, it remains indefinitely
Social discovery
subset of geosocial networking; allows uses geolocation to meet nearby with similar interests
store-and-forward
telecommunications technique
Sociogram nodes
the circles in these diagrams
sociogram edges
the lines connecting nodes *extremely complex
public domain
the status of works with expired copyrights or whose creators have forfeited their copyrights ex. work of Shakespeare = public domain -70 yrs after the author's death (various loopholes allow for extensions)
cyberbullying
using info technology ie. Internet to deliberately harm or harass someone
privacy policy
written policy that states how PII data is handled, including how it accessed and how long it is stored
Social Networking service
Revolves around personal profiles and interconnections among subscribers who want to share info about themselves Identity & relationships
Social Media Honeycomb
Sharing Presence Identity Relationships Reputation Groups Conversations
Geotagging
Process of adding location data to photos, websites, html documents, audio files, blog posts, & text messages ex: Restaurants featured on Yelp must have a street address or longitude and latitude available in a machine-readable format
Geocoding
Process of determining the coordinates of a specific place, such as the street address or the longitude and latitude of Cathy's Cafe
LinkedIn Social Factors Honeycombs
Identity Reputation Relationships
Social Networking
+ Creating online presence +Connecting w/ friends & fam ex. Facebook, Google+, Twitter,LinkedIn
Pros and Cons of Webmail
+Affordable +Access from mobile devices +access anywhere +advertising -security risks
Geosocial netoworking
+Locating places, people, & events ex. Yelp, Foursquare
Online Communities
+One-to-one, real time communication +Asynchronous messaging ex: Email, Snapchat, Skype
Content Communities
+Sharing user generated media & topical info +Ratings +Spreading a message ex: Youtube,Flickr,Pinterest,IG, Reddit, WordPress
advantages of local email
+offline access +control +online chat
Instant messaging
(IM) synchronous, real-time technology for two or more ppl to type messages back and forth while online -before the Internet went public -degree of anonymity
IMAP
(Internet Message Access Protocol) -can be used to manage incoming mail -leaves messages on the server until you specifically delete them
personally identifiable information
(PPI) limit when they can be identified, tracked, or contacted
POP3
(Post Office Protocol version 3) -used to manage incoming mail -deletes messages from the server after they are downloaded
SMTP
(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) -handles outgoing mail
VoIP
(Voice over Internet Protocol) technology that used a broadband Internet connection instead of PSTN landlines to place voice and video calls -open standards/ Skype/ Google Talk/ Snapchat/ FaceTime =propriety -instant synchronous communication and video calls
Twitter terminiology
-Twitter handle: User name -Tweet/Status update: 140 + characters -retweet: forwarded from one twitter user to others -promoted tweet: contain paid advertising - distinguished form non-commercial tweets -twitter stream: list of tweets/homepage -follow -follower -@ mention: referred to in a tweet -Reply: message sent to reply -#hashtag: specific keyword that can be used to find a groups of tweets -DM: direct messaging -Trending: popular hashtags
Public communication
-accessed by individual unknown to the person who created the message -"posting" bc similar to a billboard, sign, or poster ex: Twitter/blogs
copyright holder exclusive rights
-reproduce the work -prepare derivative works -distribute copies of the work -perform the work -display the work publicly -transfer ownership of the work * Illegal for anyone else to copy, distribute, perform, display or license the work or to prepare derivatives of it ex: illegal to copy a photo from a content community and publish it to a Facebook post without the copyrights holder's permission
levels of social media data
-service data-you give when registering to use it (ASL) -disclosed data-your own posts -entrusted data-you post on other's pages -incidental data- other ppl post about you (no control)
How to assign CC rights
1. connect to the creative commons license chooser at creativecommons.org/choose 2. choose the rights you want to grant to others 3. place the license where it can be easily accessed
2 ways copyright holders allow their works to be used:
1. place a work in the public domain 2. license the work
bulletin board systems (BBS)
1970's user-generated content that could be considered forerunners of today's content communities /social networks
Project Gutenberg
1991 by Michael S. Hart-one of the first online content communities -preserve literary works (expired copy rights)
Content communities
Bridging the gap b/w shared ownership & personal property associated with ownership rights Shared vs. owned ex: Wikipedia, YouTube, and Flickr= designed as repositories for user-generated content Sharing/Conversations/ Reputation
Which hexagon in the social media honeycomb characterizes Facebook "likes"? a. Relationships b. Sharing c. Reputation d. Conversation
C. Reputation
binary adjacency matrix
Can be manipulated visually & mathmatically to reveal more info about social connections manipulations=pathways, connections, and groups etc... *Law enforcement-to uncover criminal organizations and national security agencies - identify members of terrorist groups 0= if there is no connection between 2 ppl 1=if there is a connection
Location Services: Cell Tower Triangulation
Cellular telephone companies monitor the position of mobile phones relative to nearby cell towers. If a phone is turned on and within range of 3 towers-the position of a device to an area of about 3/4 of a mile
online services
CompuServe, Prodigy & AOL 1st generation-not apart of the Internet
Location Services: Hotspot Triangulation
Gauge the location of a wi-fi router base don its signal strength relative to nearby routers. Desktop and laptop computers connected to the router can be assumed to be operating within a circle of about 50 ft.
crowdsourcing
Individuals contribute computer time, expertise, opinions, or money to defined project ex. Yelp provides restaurant ratings & user reviews
local email
Internet-based email server stores your incoming messages until you launch your email client and get your mail
Social Media
Online services that facilitate communication/interaction among ppl who want to share info about lives/issues/events (txt/pics/vids/audio)
blog
Web log; similar to an online diary; maintained by a person, company, or organization -contains a series of entries etc.
metadata tag
a keyword that describes information, such as content of a media element -tags=ppl and places in photos and videos
Which one would be considered a copyleft license? a. BY NC SA b. BY ND c. BY d. BY NC
a. BY NC SA
Which type of content community came first? a. Bulletin board systems b. Wikipedia c. Flickr d. Instagram
a. Bulletin board systems
The markup language for editing Wikipedia articles is___ a. HTML b. Java c. MediaWiki d. Kinsky
a. HTML
In an attempt to keep articles unbiased, Wikipedia has a ___ policy. a. NPOV b. NOR c. RS d. V
a. NPOV
Which of the following is not a characteristic of instant messaging? a. asynchronous b. text-based c. two-way communication d. chat rooms
a. asynchronous
Technically, Twitter is most similar to___ a. blogs b. Flickr c. email d. crowdsourcing
a. blogs
In a sociogram, edges indicate___ a. connections b. the boundaries of relationships c. individuals with few friends d. 3-D connections
a. connections
News media consider blogs to be a __technology a. disruptive b.old-fashioned c. cutting edge d. failed
a. disruptive
If you are a typical Facebook user, your friends have ___you have. a. more friends than b.fewer friends than c. the same number of friends as
a. more friends than
Based on the Social Media Honeycomb, the key characteristics of social discovery are: a. identity and reputations b. identity and relationships c. reputation and identity d. sharing and conversations
a. presence and reputation
Which one of the following would not be considered a content community? a. skype b. flickr c. youtube d. instagram
a. skype
How does an online identity differ from an online reputation?
a. your online identify is how you see yourself, but your online reputation is how others see you
formal tagging
add information to a tag according to a set of tagging standards -create generalized media search engines that can locate media from multiple locations ex: Dublin Core Schema - digital resources/physical media/cds/books/phonograph records
intellectual property
all creations that materialize from the mind of intellect -inventors, artists, writers, etc.. -protected by laws and regulations -4 categories: 1.patents 2.trademarks 3.copyrights 4.trade secrets
blogosphere
all the blogs and their interconections-is influential
Fair use
allows for the limited use of copyrighted material without obtaining permission from the copyright holder -4 US copyright regulations: 1. the purpose and character of the use 2. the nature of the copyrighted work 3. the amount of the copyrighted work that is used 4. the effect on the value of the copyrighted work
viral
an image, a video, or other content that spreads rapidly on social media ex. 2005 YouTube video went viral
sockpuppets
any online identity created and used for purposes of deception-widespread -FALSE IDENTITIES
trademark
any word, name, symbol, or design used in commerce to identify and distinguish the goods of one company from those of another ex: Twitter's blue bird ex: Facebook's "f" logo -occasionally display TM
What type of address are used to transport VoIP packets? a. TCP b. IP c. SMTP d. POP3
b. IP
Email is an example of ___communication a. synchronous b. asynchronous c. mediated d. public
b. asynchronous
Wiki
collaborative Web application that provides tools that enable contributors to post, read, and modify content -runs on a wiki server & provides set of tools for creating and edititing content
defamation
communicating false statements that damage the reputation of another individual *illegal
email system
computers and software that provide email services
message header
contains the sender and recipient address, date, and subject line -email standard format: -message header -message body
Twitter pioneered the use of the __symbol to group messages pertaining to a topic a. @ b. ! c. RT d. #
d. #
The photos and videos that are posted to content communities are stored___ a. as apps b. in torrents c. in a database d. on Web servers
d. Web Servers
Using a generic image rather than one of your own tends to __ a. label you as a newcomer b. make it more difficult to get friends c. affect the authority of your comments d. all of the above
d. all of the above
copyright
form of legal protection that grants the author of an original work an exclusive right to copy, distribute, sell and modify that work -works: photos/books/articles/plays/ dance performances/videos/ animations/ sound effect/ musical compositions/ audio recordings *almost everything on content communities is protected by copyright
email server
heart of a typical email system is -a computer that essentially acts as a central post office for a group of ppl -special email server software
online reputation
impression that is generated by an online persona -the way other's perceive a person's online identity as opposed to the way in which a person defines himself
identity
self-identity is the way we view and define ourselves as unique individuals -nearly 40% of all online identities are fake
social media profile
set of information provides to friends, contacts, and the public (User name, image, few lines of descriptive txt)
copyleft
share alike right; chosen to convey the idea that is the opposite of copyright -designed to make a work more freely available for distribution and modification under the condition that all derivative works use the same license -cannot be later licensed in a way that would restrict their use
microblogging service
short blog post ex. Twitter
tagline
short, publicly viewable -user's photo -first impression of an online persona -LinkedIn=headline -Facebook=Details About You
tweets
twitter messages 140 characters
doppelgangers
two or more online personas with he same name or user name -
Webmail
typically a free service accessed using a browser -incoming messages are stored in an Inbox on the Web
generic profile image
users who do not upload a personal photo -newcomers or spammers
