Unit 5 study guide

what was the triangular trade network

a trading route that connected europe, africa, and the americas

what features did the aztec,inca, and maya civilizations have in common?

all three had the men working in the fields and the women staying home

why do most countries in south america speak spanish

as catholicism grew so did the spanish language

What were the 4 main causes of the protestant reformation?

church corruption and abuses, political reasons, intellectual, economic

How did Incans use the quipus?

for collecting data and keeping records

What was the colombian exchange and what items were transported between the americas and europe

global trade/ agricultural products, animals, diseases, and humans

what mistake did Christopher Columbus make when deciding to sail west to reach Asia

he did not know that there was a continent in the way of him traveling directly to Asia

What did Henry VII do once he became the head of the church of england?

he granted himself an annulment

How did Henry VII's desire to get an annulment lead to the creation of the Church of England?

he made his own church and granted himself an annulment that church was called the church of england

what was the name of the writing the mayans used?

heiroglyphs

why was the society of jesus formed and what did it do to help the counter reformation?

helped with catholic education and missionary work they made plans to work for the conversion of muslims

what was the council of trent

high church officials assembled to stop protestant momentum

how did the protestant reformation change europe

increased literacy throughout europe and ignited a renewed passion for education

What were indulgences and why did Martin Luther oppose them?

it is a way to reduce the amount of punishment for sins. He says it will not save a man and that people are being deceived.

what happened because of the protestant reformation

it shattered catholic religious unity

how did the catholic church respond to the protestant reformation?

made limited reformes, curbing earlier abuses and combating the further spread of protestantism

how did the creations of plantations in the Americas affect Africa

new crops began to emerge/ sugar plantations along with gold and silver enriched spain and the rest of europe

What was predestination and who taught it?

only those elected by God would receive salvation/ John Calvin

What was the Treaty of Tordesillas and who gained land because of it

pope created the line separating spanish and portuguese parts of the world/ spain

what crops were taken from the New World to Europe

potatoes, corn, tomatoes, tobacco, peanuts, vanilla, chocolate, turkey

Why did Mary I receive the nickname "bloody mary"?

she burned 300 protestants at the stake

How did Elizabeth I try to bring religious peace to england

she tried to find a middle way to make people happy by passing the act of uniformity

How and why did Elizabeth's religious policies change over the course of her reign?

she was excommunicated by the pope/ had catholics plot to overthrow her/ execution of Mary Queen of Scots -spanish armada/ executed as many catholics as mary did protestants

How did slavery in the Americas differ from the slavery we have talked about in prior units

slavery was new so it was more prominant and they had less rules on slavery so they worked for long amounts of time

what caused the largest number of mesoamerican deaths after contact was made with Europeans?

smallpox

what allowed the spanish to conquer the incan empire

smallpox, cultural divide

what were the five solae that martin luther oppose them?

sola scriptora-by scripture alone/sola fide- by faith alone/ sola gratia-by grace alone/ solo christo-by christ alone/ soli deo gloria- to the glory of god alone

what allowed the spanish to conquer the maya empire

superior weaponry and smallpox outbreak

what allowed the spanish to conquer the aztec empire

superior weapons and smallpox outbreak

what are examples of maya architecture

temple pyramids/ temple of the sun, great gate at labna

Which european country first brought African slaves to the Americas

the Portuguese

Who controlled the slave trade in Africa

the Portuguese

what was the name of the book John Calvin wrote which outlined Calvinist beliefs?

the institutes of the christian theology

what was the purpose of the inquisition?

to stamp out heresies in southern france and italy

What 3 achievements did Portugal have in the age of exploration

They dominated the early years of exploration, they signed the treaty of tordesilles, and continued to expand but emerging maritime powers like France, England, the Dutch Republic began exploring.