Unit 5 Test Review

What factors influence kinetic energy?

The amount of kinetic energy that an object has depends upon two variables: the mass (m) of the object and the velocity (v) of the object.

What is electrical energy?

Electrical energy is energy that's stored in charged particles within an electric field. Electric fields are simply areas surrounding a charged particle. In other words, charged particles create electric fields that exert force on other charged particles within the field. The electric field applies the force to the charged particle, causing it to move - in other words, to do work. (potential energy) As we begin to discuss electric circuits, we will notice that a battery powered electric circuit has locations of high and low potential. Charge moving through the wires of the circuit will encounter changes in electric potential as it traverses the circuit. Flashlihgt: Batteries: Chemical Flashlight: electrical Light bulb: Radiant, or light energy

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

What is work?

'Work' is done when a force acts on an object to cause it to move, change shape, displace, or do something physical. For, example, if I push a door open for my pet dog to walk in, work is done on the door (by causing it to open). But what kind of force caused the door to open? Here is where Mechanical Energy comes in.

What are the three types of potential energy (include examples)?

1) Gravitational: Gravitational potential energy is energy an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field. The most common use of gravitational potential energy is for an object near the surface of the Earth where the gravitational acceleration can be assumed to be constant at about 9.8 m/s^2. Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object as the result of its vertical position or height. The energy is stored as the result of the gravitational attraction of the Earth for the object. 2) Elastic: Elastic potential energy is the energy stored in elastic materials as the result of their stretching or compressing. Elastic potential energy can be stored in rubber bands, bungee chords, trampolines, springs, an arrow drawn into a bow, etc. The amount of elastic potential energy stored in such a device is related to the amount of stretch of the device - the more stretch, the more stored energy. 3) Chemical: Energy is the capacity for doing work or supplying heat. When you fill your car with gasoline, you are providing it with potential energy. Chemical potential energy is the energy stored in the chemical bonds of a substance. The various chemicals that make up gasoline contain a large amount of chemical potential energy that is released when the gasoline is burned in a controlled way in the engine of the car.

5 Examples of objects with kinetic energy:

All moving things have kinetic energy. It is energy possessed by an object due to its motion or movement. These include very large things, like planets, and very small ones, like atoms. The heavier a thing is, and the faster it moves, the more kinetic energy it has: 1) A ball dropping the moment before it hits the ground. 2) A ball rolling on the ground. 3) A vehicle moving. 4)

What is potential energy?

An object can store energy as the result of its position. Potential energy is energy an object has because of its position relative to some other object. When you stand at the top of a stairwell you have more potential energy than when you are at the bottom, because the earth can pull you down through the force of gravity, doing work in the process. When you are holding two magnets apart they have more potential energy than when they are close together. If you let them go, they will move toward each other, doing work in the process.

What is chemical energy?

Chemical Energy is energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds (atoms and molecules). It is released in a chemical reaction, often producing heat as a by-product (exothermic reaction). Batteries, biomass, petroleum, natural gas, and coal are examples of stored chemical energy. Usually, once chemical energy is released from a substance, that substance is transformed into an entirely new substance. For example, when an explosive goes off, chemical energy stored in it is transferred to the surroundings as thermal energy, sound energy and kinetic energy.

What is elastic energy?

Elastic potential energy is energy stored as a result of applying a force to deform an elastic object. The energy is stored until the force is removed and the object springs back to its original shape, doing work in the process. The deformation could involve compressing, stretching or twisting the object. Many objects are designed specifically to store elastic potential energy, for example: 1) The coil spring of a wind-up clock 2) An archer's stretched bow 3) A bent diving board, just before a divers jump 4) The twisted rubber band which powers a toy airplane 5) A bouncy ball, compressed at the moment it bounces off a brick wall.

Examples of potential energy:

Examples of Potential Energy: 1. A rock sitting at the edge of a cliff has potential energy. If the rock falls, the potential energy will be converted to kinetic energy. 2. Tree branches high up in a tree have potential energy because they can fall to the ground. 3. A stick of dynamite has chemical potential energy that would be released when the activation energy from the fuse comes into contact with the chemicals. 4. The food we eat has chemical potential energy because as our body digests it, it provides us with energy for basic metabolism. 5. A stretched spring in a pinball machine has elastic potential energy and can move the steel ball when released. 6. When a crane swings a wrecking ball up to a certain height, it gains more potential energy and has the ability to crash through buildings. 7. A set of double "A" batteries in a remote control car possess chemical potential energy which can supply electricity to run the car.

Explain an energy transformation. Give two examples.

In energy transfer, happens from one object to another without changing its form. For example, when you fill a pot of water and sit it on the stove, the water continues to heat until you turn it off. While in a energy transformation, the energy changes forms such as Chemical, kinetic. When a light switch is turned on, electrical energy runs through the wires and is transferred to the bulb where electrical energy is converted to light and heat energy. "A battery is a device that is able to store electrical energy in the form of chemical energy, and convert that energy into electricity," Electrical energy is changed to kinetic energy when a fan is turned on. Chemical energy of food is changed to mechanical energy whenever organisms do work. Batteries convert chemical energy to electrical energy to power various devices. Electric generators convert the chemical energy of gasoline to kinetic energy to move a coil of wire relative to a magnet to generate electrical energy. When a stationary book on a table is pushed, energy from the person pushing it is transferred to the book, causing the book to move. When striking a drum, the kinetic energy of the stick changes to sound energy.

What is the formula for solving kinetic energy?

KE=1/2mv^2

What is mechanical energy?

Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in an object that is used to do work. In other words, it is energy in an object due to its motion or position, or both. An airplane flying.

What factors influence potential energy?

P.E. = mgh, where m is the mass in kilograms, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m / s2 at the surface of the earth) and h is the height in meters.

What is kinetic energy?

The energy of motion. An object that has motion has kinetic energy.

What is thermal energy?

Thermal energy is the energy that comes from heat. This heat is generated by the movement of tiny particles within an object. The faster these particles move, the more heat is generated. Stoves and matches are examples of objects that conduct thermal energy.

Explain an energy transfer. Give two examples.

This is an example of energy transfer. When a bowling ball that has kinetic energy strikes the bowling pins which are stationary, energy is transferred from the ball to the pins, causing the pins to move. Kicking a ball.