Unit 7: test

New industry development:

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Charles Lindbergh

Aviator Charles Lindbergh became famous for making the first solo transatlantic airplane flight in 1927.

Sacco and Vanzetti:

Nicola Sacco (April 22, 1891 - August 23, 1927) and Bartolomeo Vanzetti (June 11, 1888 - August 23, 1927) were Italian-born anarchists who were convicted of murdering a guard and a paymaster during the armed robbery of a shoe factory in Braintree, Massachusetts, United States in 1920.

Emergency Quota Act:

The Emergency Quota Act, also known as the Emergency Immigration Act of 1921, the Immigration Restriction Act of 1921, the Per Centum Law, and the Johnson Quota Act (ch. 8, 42 Stat. 5 of May 19, 1921) restricted immigration into the United States.

Lindbergh:

•1927 •Aviator Charles Lindbergh became famous for making the first solo transatlantic airplane flight in 1927.

Babe Ruth homer in record:

•1927 •hit 60 home runs in one season.

Jazz singer:

•1927 •The Jazz Singer is a 1927 American musical film. •The first feature-length motion picture with synchronized dialogue sequences, its release heralded the commercial ascendance of the "talkies" and the decline of the silent film era

Marketing and sale of consumers:

•Americans in the 1920s were the first to wear ready-made, exact-size clothing. They were the first to play electric phonographs, to use electric vacuum cleaners, to listen to commercial radio broadcasts, and to drink fresh orange juice year round. •In countless ways, large and small, American life was transformed during the 1920s, at least in urban areas. Cigarettes, cosmetics, and synthetic fabrics such as rayon became staples of American life. Newspaper gossip columns, illuminated billboards, and commercial airplane flights were novelties during the 1920s. •The United States became a consumer society.

Assembly line:

•An assembly line is a manufacturing process (most of the time called a progressive assembly) in which parts (usually interchangeable parts) are added as the semi-finished assembly moves from work station to work station where the parts are added in sequence until the final assembly is produced.

Feminism/Flappers:

•Flappers were a so-called new style of Western woman, and the term "flapper" was invented to describe this so-called new breed. •Initiated in the 1920s, the term "flapper" described women who flamboyantly flouted their contempt for what was back then deemed as societal behavior that was conventional. •Flappers were women who were characterized by their choice of bobbed hair, short skirts, and their enjoyment of jazz music. They were branded as brash for their enjoyment of casual sex, drinking, immoderate makeup, driving cars and smoking. •The origins of flappers, ideologically, were seen as being rooted in liberalism.

New forms and availability of credit:

•In the 1920s, more jobs paid middle-class salaries while new devices—radios, vacuum cleaners, phonographs, washing machines, for example--came onto the market, or became affordable. While St. Louisans tended to buy their day-to-day necessities with cash, starting in the twenties, they bought most of their more expensive durable goods on the installment plan, some money down at first, followed by a year of monthly payments. •Economic historians calculate that while in 1920, few middle class consumers used credit to buy goods, by the end of the decade, American consumers bought 60 to 75 percent of cars, 80 to 90 percent of furniture, 75 percent of washing machines, 65 percent of vacuum cleaners, 18 to 25 percent of jewelry, 75 percent of radios, and 80 percent of phonographs on the installment plan.

Buying stock on margin:

•Margin means buying securities, such as stocks, by using funds you borrow from your broker.

Mass production:

•Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines. With job production and batch production it is one of the three main production methods.

Henry Ford:

•One of America's foremost industrialists, Henry Ford revolutionized assembly-line modes of production for the automobile.

Palmer raid:

•The Palmer Raids were a series of raids in late 1919 and early 1920 by the United States Department of Justice intended to capture, arrest and deport radical leftists, especially anarchists, from the United States.

New morality:

•The new morality glorified youth and personal freedom and influenced various aspects of American society. •Women began to work and go to college. Women's fashion changed as they began to admire the youthful look of movie stars. •The automobile encouraged the new morality by making the nation's youth more independent.

W.E.B. Dubois:

•W.E.B. Du Bois was one of the most important African-American activists during the first half of the 20th century. •He co-founded the NAACP and supported Pan-Africanism.

Causes and activities of red scare:

•the fear of communism in the USA during the 1920's. It is said that there were over 150,000 anarchists or communists in USA in 1920 •The fear of communism increased when a series of strikes occurred in 1919. •A series of bomb explosions in 1919, including a bungled attempt to blow up A. Mitchell Palmer, America's Attorney-General, lead to a campaign against the communists.

Causes of Great Depression:

•uneven distribution •easy credit •imbalance of foreign trade •mechanization of American industry

Lost generation writer:

•used to describe the generation of writers active immediately after World War I. Gertrude Stein used the phrase in conversation with Ernest Hemingway, supposedly quoting a garage mechanic saying to her, "You are all a lost generation." •The phrase signifies a disillusioned postwar generation characterized by lost values, lost belief in the idea of human progress, and a mood of futility and despair leading to hedonism. •The mood is described by F. Scott Fitzgerald in THIS SIDE OF PARADISE (1920) when he writes of a generation that found "all Gods dead, all wars fought, all faiths in man shaken."