Unit 7 Test

What effect did the Dreyfus affair have on late nineteenth-century France?

It revived republican distrust of Catholicism.

By 1890, how had Japan met the challenge of Western expansion?

It selectively adopted those elements of Western society that were in keeping with Japanese tradition.

The instability that Cartwright attributes to Serbia's actions is best explained by which of the following?

Nationalist agitation that threatened multiethnic empires

Kollwitz' portrayal of the weavers is best explained as an attempt to

sympathetically depict ordinary people affected by social problems

The author of this account was determined to make the point that

the protestors were peaceful and had done nothing to provoke the soldiers' attack.

Darwin's perspective in the first paragraph regarding future developments is significant because of its

adaptation by racial thinkers, who used it to justify European imperialist policies

What new model for European expansion did Britain establish in Egypt?

A combination of military force, political domination, and an ideology of beneficial reform

In Primary Source 23.3: Ernest Renan on National Identity, what does Renan consider one valid way to define a nation?

A nation can be defined by having a common past.

What was the first and most important of the Great Reforms in Russia?

Abolition of serfdom

Why did Japan open its shores to Western trade?

As a response to U.S. military pressure

Why did socialist parties become more moderate by the late 1800s?

As socialist parties attracted larger numbers of members, they looked more toward gradual change and less toward revolution.

Like Marx, for Bernstein the main enemy was(were)

Capitalists

The willingness of Russia to support Serbia, as mentioned by Cartwright, is best explained by which of the following?

Development of an increasingly rigid system of alliances involving all major European powers

What did the notorious forgery "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" suggest Jewish elders were planning to do?

Dominate the globe

When Bernstein speaks of a virtual partnership becoming a real partnership, he is referring to

Egalitarian society

In the 1890s, how did Sergei Witte seek to transform Russia?

He believed that Russia's industrial backwardness was threatening its power and greatness and implemented industrial policies to catch up with the West.

Why did the conservative Bismarck pioneer the creation of an expansive system of social welfare?

He sought to blunt the attraction of socialism to the working classes and give them a small stake in the existing political system.

Why did Bismarck enact high tariffs on grain from the United States, Canada, and Russia in 1878?

He sought to win support from both the Catholic Center and the Protestants Junkers, who had large land holdings.

Which of the following best explains the historical significance of Darwin's argument in the passage?

It made an explicit claim that evolutionary development applied to human beings.

Which of the following best explains the historical significance of the view of the importance of the navy expressed by the kaiser in the passage?

It demonstrates the thinking behind the arms race that contributed to diplomatic tensions between Germany and Great Britain.

Which of the following accurately explains a similarity between Palmerston's use of nationalism in his portrayal of the charge of the Light Brigade and the use of nationalism by Camillo Cavour and Otto von Bismarck?

Like Bismarck and Cavour, Palmerston was a conservative using militaristic nationalism to strengthen the state and his political position.

The writers described above were associated with which of the following?

Romanticism

Why did the possibility of a federation of Italian states under the presidency of a progressive pope disappear after the Revolutions of 1848?

The cautious support for unification that Pius IX had offered before 1848 turned into hostility after he was temporarily driven from Rome during the Revolutions of 1848.

In the early twentieth century, why were extensive social welfare programs slow to form in Great Britain?

The conservative, aristocratic House of Lords resisted the formation of such programs until the king threatened to appoint new nobles who would support the programs.

To what extent did the new imperialism result in economic gains and why?

The economic gains were limited because the new colonies were too poor to buy European goods and offered few immediately profitable investments.

How did the process of Italian unification survive the French betrayal of Sardinia in its effort to unify Italy?

The nationalist leaders in central Italy overthrew their local princes and merged with Sardinia, despite the displeasure of the Great Powers.

In Primary Source 23.1: The Struggle for the Italian Nation, what does Giuseppe Mazzini suggest must happen in order for "the work of Humanity for the general amelioration to be "accomplished by peaceful and progressive development"?

The people must rise up to create countries according to the natural divisions that exist in Europe.

How did the Ottoman Empire's efforts at reform in the latter half of the nineteenth century undermine the empire's stability?

The reforms created equality before the law for all citizens, which increased religious disputes and split Muslims into secularist and traditionalist camps.

In Primary Source 24.5: The Brown Man's Burden, a satirical rewriting of Rudyard Kipling's famous poem, what do the following lines mean?

The sacred "rights of man," when all is said and done, are only for Europeans.

What was the goal of the Prussian parliament in the 1850s and 1860s?

To establish that it held final political authority and that the army was responsible to it

Upon his election as president, why did Louis Napoleon sign conservative legislation increasing the power of the Catholic Church and depriving poor men of the right to vote?

To get the National Assembly to pay his personal debts and change the constitution so he could run for a second term

How did Sardinia and its monarch, Victor Emmanuel, gain the reputation of a liberal, progressive state?

Victor Emmanuel retained the liberal constitution—and its substantial civil liberties—that was forced on his father in 1848.

The October Manifesto in the Russian Revolution of 1905 granted full civil rights and promised

a popularly elected Duma or parliament.

In On the Inequality of the Human Races (1854), Count Arthur de Gobineau divided humanity into the white, black, and yellow races and

championed the "Aryan race" for its supposedly superior qualities.

Great Britain chose to seize land in Africa and Asia in the late nineteenth century because it

feared that France and Germany would seal off their empires with high tariffs, causing it to lose future economic opportunities.

In Mazzini's view, the Europe of his day

had been disfigured by evil rulers.

The Meiji Restoration restored the Japanese emperor to power in 1867 and

initiated a series of measures to reform Japan along modern lines.

Lodge believed that unrestricted interracial sexual relations would result in

the decline of civilization.