Unit Test

Which characteristic is one of the three main characteristics used to classify igneous rocks?

Texture

This is Mohs hardness scale. Which example lists minerals from hardest to softest?

Corundum, quartz, calcite, gypsum

The image shows rock layers and magma under Earth's surface. At which location are metamorphic rocks most likely forming?

- 3

Which properties are used to identify minerals? Select 3 choices.

- Luster - Magnetism - Streak

An igneous rock is light in color and has extremely coarse grains. What is the most likely origin of the rock?

A magma chamber

Which trait is common to rocks formed from magma trapped inside a volcano?

Coarse texture

Study the image of this rock. Which word best describes the rock's grain shape?

Jagged

How do intrusive rocks form?

Magma cools slowly inside a volcano.

Which phrase best describes igneous rocks?

- Form when lava and magma cool

How do sedimentary rocks form? Check all that apply.

- From the buildup of sediments - From the breakdown of old rocks - From materials dissolved in solutions - From materials solidified from solutions

Which phrases describe non-foliated rocks? Check all that apply.

- Have randomly arranged grains - Include quartzite and marble - Form from crystallized magma

Which factors contribute to the weathering of rock? Check all that apply.

- Ice - Water - Wind

From which sources do metamorphic rocks form? Check all that apply.

- Igneous rock - Sedimentary rock - Metamorphic rock

Which type of rock has a coarse texture due to slow cooling in magma chambers?

- Intrusive

An igneous rock has a coarse texture and is dark in color. How else can this rock be accurately described? Check all that apply.

- Intrusive - Produced from magma OR - Produced from magma - Formed at Earth's surface

Which rocks are examples of chemical sedimentary rock? Check all that apply.

- Iron ore - Rock salt - Limestone

What does it mean when a mineral has a definite chemical composition? Select 2 choices.

- Its always contains certain elements. - It always contains elements in definite proportions.

Which property of a rock determines its color?

- Its mineral composition

Fran finds a dark-colored rock that she identifies as basalt. Which property gives the rock its dark color?

- Its mineral content

Which examples describe some uses for gemstones? Select 2 choices.

- Jewelry - Drill bits

Which type of rock is most likely to form because of high heat and pressure?

- Metamorphic

Which agents must be present for cementation to occur? Check all that apply.

- Minerals - Water - Sediments

Which type of metamorphic rock has randomly arranged grains and does not split into layers?

- Non-foliated

Which words or phrases describe characteristics of quartzite? Check all that apply.

- Non-foliated - Metamorphic - Does not split into layers

What are some examples of uses of minerals? Select 3 choices.

- Salt - Toothpaste - Applesauce

From which substances are sedimentary rocks most likely made? Check all that apply.

- Sand particles - Small pebbles - Weathered rock

Which processes support the relationship between sediments and sedimentary rock in the rock cycle? Check all that apply.

- Sediments accumulate and combine. - Sedimentary rock weathers and erodes. - Sediments compact and cement together.

Which phrases describe igneous rocks that cool quickly during formation? Check all that apply.

- Small crystals - Formed from lava - Found on Earth's surface

Which characteristics best identify differences between intrusive and extrusive rocks? Check all that apply.

- Texture - Location - Crystal size OR - Texture - Crystal size

Which process begins the formation of sedimentary rock?

- The breakdown of rock into sediment

Which feature is used to classify a rock based on its composition?

- The types of minerals in the rock

Which characteristic is used to classify metamorphic rocks as foliated or non-foliated?

Arrangement of grains

This image shows the rock cycle. Which event most likely occurs at point V?

Cooling

Which property indicates how light is reflected from a mineral's surface?

Luster

Which statements are examples of observations a scientist would make to classify a rock? Check all that apply.

- A rock feels smooth to the touch. - A rock is formed from molten lava. - A rock is made of different minerals.

Which statement best describes the formation of metamorphic rocks?

- Ancient sandstone beaches become buried deep beneath Earth's surface, where they are exposed to extreme heat and pressure.

What are the main categories of sedimentary rocks? Check all that apply.

- Chemical - Clastic - Organic

Which sedimentary rock is burned to produce energy?

- Coal

This image shows a model of the rock cycle.

- Cooling as the lava runs down the mountain - Melting of rocks to form magma underground

Molten materials cool at different rates. Which property of a mineral does this affect?

- Crystal size

Which statements correctly describe the rock cycle? Check all that apply.

- Different rock groups are interrelated. -Rocks change from one type to another in a specific order. - Environmental conditions influence a change in rock type.

Which examples are most likely made from both metals and gemstones? Select 3 choices.

- Drill bit - Necklace - Decorative pin

Which process moves small rock pieces during sedimentary rock formation?

- Erosion

Which processes are destructive forces that occur during sedimentary rock formation? Check all that apply.

- Erosion - Weathering

An igneous rock floats because air bubbles became trapped when molten material erupted from an underground volcano. How else can this rock be accurately described? Check all that apply.

- Extrusive - Small crystals - Cooled quickly

Which phrases describe how metamorphic rocks form? Check all that apply.

- Form from existing rocks - Form from exposure to heat and pressure

A mineral forms in water heated by magma inside Earth. Which statements best describe this mineral? Select 3 choices.

EITHER - The mineral formed when a hot water solution cooled. - The mineral is likely different from the surrounding rock. - The mineral crystallized from dissolved elements and compounds. OR - The mineral formed through evaporation. - The mineral formed when a hot water solution cooled. - The mineral crystallized from dissolved elements and compounds.

Which rocks are examples of clastic sedimentary rock? Check all that apply.

EITHER Shale & Sandstone OR Shale, Limestone, and Sandstone

A geologist finds a metamorphic rock and notices that it has grains that formed in parallel layers. The geologist pries at the rock, and it splits apart along the bands formed by the layers.

Gneiss