Unit Topic 2: Cells

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Cristae

"E" in diagram

Outer Membrane

#1 in diagram

Inner membrane

#2 in diagram

Stroma

#3 in this diagram

Granum

#4 in diagram

Thylakoid

#5 in diagram

Solution

A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.

Endocytosis

A process in which a cell engulfs extracellular material through an inward folding of its plasma membrane.

Cell Membrane

A selective barrier that allows sufficient passage of oxygen, nutrients and waste products to service the volume of a cell.

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

polar

Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water.

Smooth ER

This is the site of lipid synthesis and also can detoxify drugs.

lyso

loosen

prefix kinet

movement

Concentration

the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume

passive transport

the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

hypertonic solution

A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution

hypotonic solution

A solution in which the concentration of solutes is less than that of the cell that resides in the solution

Solute

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Fluid Mosaic model of cell membrane

Composed of a phospholipid bilayer which has hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends of the lipid layer itself

Nucleus

Contains all the genetic material and directs protein synthesis.

Lysosome

Contains hydrolytic enzymes that digest, or hydrolyze, macromolecules.

Eukaryotic cell

DNA enclosed in a nucleus...prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cell?

Rough ER

In addition to packaging proteins, this structure is responsible for making more membrane, which can be transported in vesicles to other areas of the endomembrane system.

Vesicle

Membrane sack that can be used to transport materials throughout the endomembrane system.

Prokaryotic Cell

No membrane bound organelles. Would that be prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cell?

nonpolar

No partial charges. Do not mix with water.

Mitochondrion

Site of cellular respiration

Nucleolus

Site of rRNA and ribosome synthesis.

Chromoplast

Stores pigments, not chlorophyll

Cell Wall

Structure found on the outside of plant cells, prokaryotes, fungi, and some protists that gives structure and prevents too much water from entering the cell.

Ribosome

Synthesizes proteins.

Chloroplast

This is responsible for photosynthesis

Peroxisome

This specialized compartment produces hydrogen peroxide and converts it to water.

Eukaryotic Cell

This type of cell has membrane bound organelles. Would that be prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cell?

Golgi Apparatus

Transport Vesicles will fuse with this organelle, so that repackaging can occur.

Vacuole

Types include contractile, central, and food.

Eukaryotic Cell

Usually larger and more complex...prokaryotic cell or eukaryotic cell?

Chloroplast

What is this organelle called?

Nucleus

What organelle/structure is depicted as number 2 here?

Cell (Plasma) Membrane