unit

A biologist is studying two organisms, X and Y. She knows that at least one of them is an animal. Organism X only reproduces sexually. Organism Y reproduces both sexually and asexually. Which conclusion is best supported by the information?

Organism Y has the benefit of not having to find a mate.

Mike is studying the phylogenetic tree for big cats. He made several statements about the tree. Which statement is not true?

The leopard is more closely related to the tiger than to the snow leopard.

Some species form social groups only with members of the same gender. For example, elephants form groups with only females and their offspring. Once the male offspring reach a certain age, they leave the group and become solitary. Which is a benefit of this type of social group structure?

Adult males can mate with females in several different social groups.

Consider the table. Which best describes X and Y?

X = Spherical; Y = E. coli

A botanist has discovered a new plant species and is trying to classify the plant. Its seed has one cotyledon, it has six flower parts, its leaves have parallel veins, its stem is herbaceous, and the vascular bundles in its stem are scattered throughout the stem. Which best classifies this plant?

angiosperm and monocot

The classification levels of a human are listed below from largest to smallest. Eukarya Animalia Chordata Mammalia Primates Hominidae Homo sapiens Which level of biological classification do Mammalia and Hominidae represent, respectively?

class and family

Which can modern taxonomy do?

compare the length of DNA among members of a species

An example of genetic recombination is shown in the diagram. Which type of bacterial reproduction is depicted in the diagram?

conjugation

A group of sheep run in random directions to confuse a single predator. This is an example of which social behavior?

cooperative hunting

Termites are insects that live in colonies. In a colony, the king and a queen are responsible for reproduction. Workers spend most of their time caring for the other termites and building the nest. Soldiers protect the nest from attacks. The organization of the termite colony is an example of which benefit of social behavior?

division of labor

Which series correctly lists the eight taxonomic levels in order, from the broadest group to the most specific group?

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

A biologist is in the process of classifying a newly discovered fungus. The fungus is a decomposer and has saclike structures. The organism most likely belongs in the same group as which of the following?

fungi that are associated with bread mold

Potatoes are specialized stems that store food for potato plants. Which main tissue would you expect to primarily make up a potato?

ground

Which level of classification includes the most species?

kingdom

Brown bears pant, which means they breathe with short, quick breaths. This helps circulate cool air over moist surfaces in the mouth. What are brown bears doing as a result of panting?

maintaining body temperature by cooling down

When protists and fungi are compared, which feature is unique to protists?

pseudopods

Consider this microscopic image of bacteria. Which type of bacteria is shown in the image?

spirillum

Consider these phylogenetic trees. The first tree is based on physical characteristics. The second tree is based on structure, genetics, and evolutionary history.

Classification can change with new discoveries and evidence.

Consider the diagram of the basic structure of a bacterium. Which of the labeled structures in the image allows bacteria to exchange genetic material and thus evolve to be better pathogens?

D

This diagram summarizes a method to group land plants. Which row in the table best represents the evolution of plants that match the diagram?

D

These are the three main organs that make up the plant body. What is the main function of the structure that is identified as A in the picture above?

It supports the plant.

Which correctly distinguishes between how a pine tree and an apple tree reproduce?

The pine tree has unprotected seeds; the apple tree has seeds in fruit.

This is a tulip plant. Which statement best describes the flower based on its physical characteristics?

The tulip plant is categorized as a monocot.

Phytoplankton, shown on the left in the image below, are microscopic organisms that can be found in freshwater and salt water environments. They perform photosynthesis to get energy and act as an important food source for larger organisms, such as the whale that is shown on the right. Which characteristic describes the whale but not its food source, the phytoplankton?

The whale is heterotrophic.

Which best describes the difference between protists that have cilia and those that have flagella?

Those with cilia move using hair-like extensions, and those with flagella move using a single whip-like extension.