Urinalysis Ch 5 Practice Questions
The principle of the reagent strip test for pH is: A. A double indicator reaction B. The protein error of indicators C. The diazo reaction D. A Greiss reaction
A
Which of the following chemical compounds makes a test for glucose in the urine reagent strip testing specific? A. Glucose oxidase B. Iron ions C. Sodium hydroxide D. Citrate buffers
A
The type of proteinuria least likely to be detected by reagent strip is: A. Orthostatic B. Prerenal C. Renal D. Postrenal
B
To detect the presence of early renal disease, diabetic patients are tested for: A. Bence Jones protein B. Microalbuminuria C. Orthostatic protein D. Glucose and ketones
B
When performing a reagent strip test for protein, false-positive results may be obtained in the presence of: A. Ketones bodies B. Alkali specimen C. Glucose present D. Radiographic contrast media
B
Which of the following is a cause of prerenal proteinuria? A. Prostatitis B. Multiple myeloma C. Pre-eclampsia D. Diabetes mellitus
B
With biliary duct obstruction, it is common for reagent strip tests to show which of the following scenarios? A. Bilirubin: 0 Urobilinogen: 0.1 EU B. Bilirubin: ++ Urobilinogen: 0.1 EU C. Bilirubin: 0 Urobilinogen: 4 EU D. Bilirubin: ++ Urobilinogen: 4 EU
B
A 1+ reagent strip reaction and a 4+ Clinitest reaction could indicate the presence of: A. Glucose and other reducing substances B. Glucose only C. Non-glucose-reducing substances only D. Contamination by a strong oxidizing agent
A
A dark blue color in the reagent strip pad for specific gravity indicates: A. A low specific gravity B. A contaminated specimen C. Increased protein is interfering D. A high specific gravity
A
A possible cause of postrenal proteinuria is: A. Prostatitis B. Multiple myeloma C. Glomerulonephritis D. Posture
A
Myoglobinuria may be caused by: A. A "crushing" injury B. Incompatible blood transfusions C. Chronic renal disease D. Biliary obstruction
A
Reagent strip reactions for blood are based on the: A. Peroxidase activity of hemoglobin B. Oxidation of hemoglobin peroxidase C. Reaction of hemoglobin with bromothymol blue D. Reduction of a chromogen by hemoglobin
A
The appearance of glucose in the urine of a patient with an elevated blood sugar indicates: A. Diabetes mellitus B. Renal tubular damage C. Diabetes insipidus D. Cylindroiduria
A
When performing reagent strip quality control, the: A. Positive readings should match the reference value by plus or minus one color block B. Negative readings should match within one color block of the reference value C. Positive readings except protein and bilirubin should match the reference value D. Negative values except glucose and nitrite should be negative
A
Which of the following can produce a negative nitrite test in the presence of significant bacteriuria? A. The presence of many non-nitrate reducing bacteria B. Performing the test on a first morning specimen C. Increased dietary nitrate D. Decreased ascorbic acid
A
A burn injury may occur if incorrect technique is used when performing the: A. SSA test B. Clinitest C. Acetest D. Ictotest
B
All of the following can be used to detect the presence of microalbuminuria except the: A. Multistix Pro B. Sulfosalicylic acid (SSA) test C. Micral-Test D. Clinitek 50
B
A negative reagent strip test for glucose with a positive Clinitest indicates the possibility of: A. Juvenile diabetes B. Glycosuria C. Galactosuria D. Peroxide contamination
C
A positive nitrite test suggests the presence of a minimum of: A. 103 organisms/mL B. 104 organisms/mL C. 105 organisms/mL D. 106 organisms/mL
C
A reagent strip test for blood is reported positive. No red blood cells are seen on the microscopic examination. The patient's condition is called: A. Hematuria B. Oliguria C. Hemoglobinuria D. Hemosiderinuria
C
All of the following descriptions apply to orthostatic proteinuria except: A. Most commonly appears in young adults B. Usually occurs without apparent disease C. Urinary proteins are excreted only when the patient is lying down D. Is considered to be a functional, transitory proteinuria
C
All of the following reagent strip tests use a diazonium salt except: A. Bilirubin B. Nitrite C. Specific gravity D. Leukocyte esterase
C
An advantage in using the Acetest tablet test for ketones is the ability to: A. Detect beta-hydroxybutyric acid B. Quantitate positive reagent strip ketones results C. Test serum for increased ketones D. Confirm a positive Clinitest result
C
The finding of a 2+ reagent strip reaction for blood in the urine of a patient with severe lower back pain can aid in confirming a diagnosis of: A. Pyelonephritis B. Appendicitis C. Renal calculi D. Multiple myeloma
C
The normal range of urine pH is: A. 4.5 to 6.0 B. 5.0 to 7.0 C. 4.5 to 8.0 D. 4.5 to 9.0
C
The reagent strip test for nitrite is based on the: A. Use of nitrite by bacteria present in the urine B. Reaction of nitrite with the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria C. Reduction of nitrate in urine to nitrite by bacteria D. Reaction of bacterial nitrite with an aromatic amine to produce a pH change
C
The type of protein that precipitates at 60oF and dissolves at 100oF is a/an: A. Abnormal protein associated with urinary tract infection B. Abnormal protein associated with hemolysis C. Abnormal globulin associated with multiple myeloma D. Normal serum albumin-type protein
C
Urobilinogen is formed from the: A. Conjugation of bilirubin in the liver B. Reduction of conjugated bilirubin in the bile C. Reduction of bilirubin by intestinal bacteria D. Oxidation of urobilin by intestinal bacteria
C
Which of the following best describes the chemical principle of the protein reagent strip? A. Protein reacts with an immune complex on the pad, which results in a color change. B. Protein causes a pH change on the reagent strip pad that results in a color change. C. Protein accepts hydrogen ions from an indicator dye, which results in a color change. D. Protein causes protons to be released from a polyelectrolyte, resulting in a color change.
C
Which of the following will not cause ketonuria? A. Inability to use carbohydrates B. Inadequate intake of carbohydrates C. Increased metabolism of carbohydrates D. Excessive loss of carbohydrates
C
While performing a Clinitest, you observe that the color changes rapidly from blue to orange and then back to blue. You should: A. Report the test as negative, because the final reaction color is blue B. Report the test as negative, because the brief orange color probably was from detergent in the tube C. Repeat the test using fewer drops of urine to check for "pass through" D. Repeat the test using more drops of urine to prevent "pass through"
C
A urine sample that tests positive for ketones and negative for glucose is most likely from a patient suffering from: A. Diabetes insipidus B. Diabetes mellitus C. Polydipsia D. Starvation
D
A urine specimen with a pH of 9.0 indicates that the patient should be: A. Tested further for metabolic or respiratory alkalosis B. Changed to a high meat diet to lower the pH C. Placed on medication to lower the pH D. Asked to collect a new specimen
D
All of the following will produce a positive leukocyte esterase (LE) reaction except: A. Monocytes B. Trichomonas C. Neutrophils D. Lymphocytes
D
Galactose will react with: A. Multistix but not Clinitest B. Multistix but not Chemstrip C. Multistix and Chemstrip D. Clinitest but not Chemstrip
D
Major advantages of the leukocyte esterase reagent strip test include all of the following except: A. It will detect the presence of lysed leukocytes B. It can be used to screen specimens before bacterial culturing C. It is a more standardized method for detecting leukocytes than the microscopic method D. It will accurately quantitate the leukocytes present
D
Pediatric urine specimens are additionally tested for the presence of: A. Glucose using Clinitest B. Galactose using Multistix C. Lactose using Multistix Pro D. Galactose using Clinitest
D
The detection of hemosiderin in the urine can be associated with: A. Myoglobinuria B. Hematuria C. Albuminuria D. Hemoglobinuria
D
The microalbumin test should be performed on: A. All negative reagent strip proteins B. A 24 urine collection C. Urine that has been refrigerated D. A first morning collection
D
The principle of the reagent strip test for protein is the: A. Acid precipitation of protein B. Salting out of proteins C. pH affect on bromothymol blue D. Protein "error of indicators"
D
The reagent strip reaction that should be read last is the: A. Nitrite B. Bilirubin C. Protein D. Leukocyte esterase
D
The reagent strip test for ketones may detect the urinary presence of: A. Acetoacetic acid and beta-hydroxybutyric acid B. Acetone and beta-hydroxybutyric acid C. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid and diacetic acid D. Acetoacetic acid and acetone
D
The urinalysis result most closely associated with renal disease is a positive: A. Bilirubin B. Glucose C. Nitrite D. Protein
D
Which of the following will be detected by the reagent strip nitrite reaction? A. Staphylococcus saprophyticus B. Candida albicans C. Streptococcus faecalis D. Escherichia coli
D
True or False: Reagent strips provide quantitative urine chemistry results.
False
True or False: The Multistix and Chemstrip color charts are interchangeable.
False
True or False: When performing a reagent strip specific gravity on an alkaline urine, 0.005 should be subtracted from the reading.
False
True or False:The nitrite test is not reliable unless specimens are collected using the midstream clean-catch technique.
False
True Or False: A person with respiratory acidosis is expected to have a low urine pH.
True
True or False: Ascorbic acid will bind with diazonium salts.
True
True or False: Myoglobin is removed from the blood more rapidly than hemoglobin.
True
True or False: Orthostatic proteinuria is a form of renal proteinuria.
True
The pseudoperoxidase reaction is the principle for the reagent strip test(s) for: A. Blood B. Nitrite C. Specific gravity D. Urobilinogen
A
The reagent strip reaction most critically affected by failure to blot the strip is the: A. pH B. Protein C. Blood D. Bilirubin
A
Urinary pH provides valuable information for the: A. Identification of urinary crystals B. Controlling of antidiuretic hormone production C. Monitoring of diabetes mellitus D. Evaluation of renal concentration
A
A specific gravity of greater than 1.040 by refractometer is 1.025 when checked using a reagent strip. The technologist should: A. Report the result as 1.025 B. Dilute the specimen and retest by refractometer C. Request a new specimen D. Report the result as greater than 1.040
A
A spotted reaction on the reagent strip reaction for blood can indicate: A. Hematuria B. Hemoglobinuria C. Myoglobinuria D. Porphyrinuria
A
All of the following may interfere with glucose detection in a urine specimen except: A. Galactose B. Ascorbic acid C. Bleach D. The sample sits at room temperature for 4 hours
A
Glucosuria not accompanied by hyperglycemia is seen in patients with: A. Renal disease B. Gestational diabetes C. Cushing's syndrome D. Hyperthyroidism
A
Glucosuria occurring in conjunction with myocardial infarction may be caused by: A. Epinephrine inhibiting insulin secretion B. Epinephrine increasing insulin secretion C. Norepinephrine inhibiting insulin secretion D. Norepinephrine increasing insulin secretion
A
The chemical reaction in the reagent strip reaction for glucose uses a: A. Double sequential enzyme reaction B. Sodium nitroprusside reaction C. Diazonium salt reaction D. Pyrrole amino acid ester reaction
A
The method of choice for performing a specific gravity following administration of radiographic dye is: A. Reagent strip B. Refractometer C. Urinometer D. Densitometer
A
The protein section of the reagent strip is most sensitive to: A. Albumin B. Mucoprotein C. Bence Jones protein D. Globulin
A
Excessive fat metabolism is indicated by the urinary presence of: A. Cholesterol B. Glucose C. Ketones D. Protein
C
Following a pre-hospital rotation physical, a medical laboratory science student is requested to collect a first morning urine specimen. The physician is checking for: A. Bence Jones proteinuria B. Nocturnal proteinuria C. Orthostatic proteinuria D. Glomerulonephritis
C
Microalbumin tests are frequently used to screen patients with: A. Fanconi's syndrome B. Porphyrinuria C. Diabetes mellitus D. Diabetes insipidus
C
Quality control on reagent strips must be performed whenever a/an: A. Abnormal result is obtained B. Different person performs the test C. New bottle of strips is opened D. Student is training in the laboratory
C
Reagent strip results associated with hemolytic disease would correspond with which of the following? A. Bilirubin = 0 Urobilinogen = 1 EU B. Bilirubin = ++ Urobilinogen = 1 EU C. Bilirubin = 0 Urobilinogen = 8 EU D. Bilirubin = ++ Urobilinogen = 8 EU
C
A false-negative LE reaction may be caused by: A. The presence of eosinophils and basophils B. Increased bacteria C. Lysed leukocytes D. Failure to wait 2 minutes to read the reaction
D
A laboratory error that can result in an infant developing severe mental retardation could be attributed to failure to perform a/an: A. Acetest B. SSA test C. Ictotest D. Clinitest
D
Which of the following is not affected by increased intake of ascorbic acid? A. Blood B. Bilirubin C. Nitrite D. Ketones
D
A random urine specimen and plasma glucose test that are to be drawn and collected at the same time can be used to confirm: A. Glomerulonephritis B. Nonpathogenic glycosuria C. Urinary tract infection D. Fanconi's syndrome
B
A specific gravity reading of 1.040 by refractometer and 1.015 by reagent strip is indicative of: A. Reagent strip deterioration B. Radiographic dye C. Low urine pH D. Refrigerated urine
B
A urine specimen is analyzed for glucose by a glucose oxidase reagent strip and a copper reduction test. If both results are positive, which of the following interpretations is correct? A. Galactose only is present B. Glucose only is present C. Lactose only is present D. Ascorbic acid only is present
B
All of the following will produce an alkaline urine except: A. Lettuce B. Cranberry juice C. Green beans D. Tomatoes
B
Ammonium sulfate is added to a red colored urine. The urine had a positive reaction for blood, but there were no red blood cells in the sediment. After centrifugation, the sedimented ammonium sulfate is red. The abnormal color is caused by: A. Pyridium B. Hemoglobin C. Porphyrins D. Myoglobin
B
Ascorbic acid interferes with the reactions for bilirubin and nitrite by: A. Reducing the oxidized chromogen B. Binding with the diazonium salt C. Neutralizing the buffer D. Oxidizing the aromatic amine
B
Failure to blot the edge of the reagent strip may result in errors in color interpretation caused by: A. Excess dilution B. Runover C. Reagent leaching D. Chemical concentration
B
Proper care of reagent strips includes all of the following except: A. Checking the expiration date B. Storing in a clear container C. Preventing exposure to toxic fumes D. Storing with a desiccant
B
Reagent strip chemical tests may be inaccurate if the specimen is: A. Mixed before delivery B. Tested immediately after refrigeration C. Tested immediately after it is voided D. Collected by catheter
B
Reagent strip reactions for ketones react primarily with: A. Acetone B. Acetoacetic acid C. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid D. Phenylacetone
B
Reagent strip reactions for white blood cells are based on the detection of: A. Bacterial peroxidase activity B. Esterase activity C. Reduction of indoxyl blue D. Binding of a diazonium salt
B
Sodium nitroprusside and an alkaline buffer are used to test for: A. Bilirubin B. Ketones C. Glucose D. Protein
B
Specimens for urobilinogen testing are collected between 2 p.m. and 4 p.m. because: A. They have a higher volume B. An alkaline tide occurs following lunch C. Protein is less likely to be present D. The urine will be more acidic
B
The albumin to creatinine ratio may be elevated in patients whose urine contains: A. Leukocytes B. Glucose C. Blood D. Bilirubin
B
The chemical principle of the reagent strip test for bilirubin is that bilirubin: A. Causes a color change when it binds to a buffered pH indicator B. Combines with a diazonium salt to form a colored complex C. Is oxidized to biliverdin D. Causes a pH change detected by the reagent pad indicator
B
The ketones that are produced in normal adult metabolism include all of the following except: A. Acetone B. Phenylketones C. Acetoacetic acid D. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid
B
The principle of the reagent strip test for specific gravity is: A. Ionization of the indicator bromothymol blue, producing a pH change B. Ionization of a polyelectrolyte, producing a pH change detected by bromothymol blue C. Reaction of dissociated polyelectrolyte with bromothymol blue to produce a pH change D. Change in the pKa of bromothymol blue to produce a pH change
B
The Ictotest is a more sensitive test for urinary bilirubin because: A. The tablets contain a more sensitive diazonium salt B. Sulfosalicylic acid is included in the tablets C. Bilirubin remains on the surface of the mat D. Water is used to dissolve the tablet
C
The cells most frequently associated with urinary tract infection are: A. Monocytes B. Basophils C. Neutrophils D. Lymphocytes
C
A urine with a high pH reading can contain a: A. High concentration of chloride ions B. High concentration of hydrogen ions C. Low concentration of chloride ions D. Low concentration of hydrogen ions
D
When bilirubin is detected in the urine, it can be assumed that: A. It is attached to protein B. It has passed through the small intestine C. The patient is diabetic D. It has been conjugated in the liver
D
When using the reagent strip microalbumin method, false-negative results may occur in the presence of: A. Large amounts of glucose B. Radiographic contrast media C. Bence Jones protein D. Highly dilute urine
D
Which of the following is not true about the Ictotest? A. Bilirubin is concentrated on the surface of an absorbent pad. B. Interfering pigments can be washed into the pad. C. It uses the same principle as the reagent strip. D. It is less sensitive than the reagent strip test.
D
Which of the following results is not typical of a urine specimen from an uncontrolled diabetic? A. Positive ketones B. Positive glucose C. Increased specific gravity D. High pH
D
Which of the following statements is/are correct for glucose testing by reagent strip? I. Glucose oxidase reacts with glucose in the urine. II. Non-glucose-reducing substances fail to react. III. Ascorbic acid may cause a false-negative reaction. IV. Hydrogen peroxide and peroxidase react to oxidize a chromogen. A. I only B. I, II, and III C. I, II, and IV D. I, II, III, and IV
D
