Urinary System

nitrogenous

In its excretory role, the urinary system is primarily concerned with the removal of __________ wastes from the body.

juxtaglomerular

Renin is released by cells of the _____ complex in response to afferent arteriole pressure and the degree of stretch of the arteriole wall.

kidneys

The __________ perform(s) the excretory and homeostatic functions of the urinary system

What do we call the anatomical units responsible for the formation of urine?

nephrons

uremia

An elevated level of urea in the blood is

What is true about the urethral sphincters?

The internal urethral sphincter is under involuntary control.

glomerulus

The specialized capillary bed responsible for the pressure that drives filtration is the

nephron

The structural and functional unit of the kidney is a

Many nephrons empty into a ________.

collecting duct

The outermost portion of the kidney is called the renal ________.

cortex

The __________ arteriole drains the glomerular capillary bed.

efferent

The functions of the urinary system include ________.

excreting nitrogenous wastes, maintaining electrolyte balance, and maintaining acid-base and fluid balance

The __________ urethral sphincter consists of skeletal muscle and is voluntarily controlled.

external

This knot of coiled capillaries, found in the kidneys, forms the filtrate. It is the __________.

glomerulus

List the parts of the nephron in correct sequential order: ________.

glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop

The renal artery enters the kidney at this indented area.

hilum

Glomerul(o)

means glomerulus of the kidney

Nephr

means kidney

juxta

means situated near.

ur-

means urine, urinary tract, or urea.

The __________ of the kidney is segregated into triangular regions with a striped appearance.

medulla

As urine is formed it flows through the collecting ducts to enter, in order, the following structures.

minor calyces, major calyces, renal pelvis, ureter

The section of the renal tubule closest to the glomerular capsule is the __________.

proximal convoluted tubule

What defines the trigone of the urinary bladder?

the ureter entrances and the opening to the urethra

This type of epithelium is found lining the inside of the urinary bladder.

transitional

Which of the following best describes the function of the urethra?

transport of urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

Micturition is a synonym for ________.

urination