Urinary System Study Guide
How much of the fluid filtered by the kidney actually becomes urine?
1%
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579591/files/3909198/download?verifier=MtTrEIwihXQUWSyRZyMMdnUefSxPib2xkL7Oi0QY (Very very close kidney) Identify the letter that indicates blood vessels that absorb solutes from the convoluted tubules.
A
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579625/files/3909206/download?verifier=vCMnLOI0B0YBnWEMWQ7qVhOO6ZneQ04v0sbfgCC0 (up close kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the efferent arteriole.
A
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579583/files/3909195/download?verifier=zlLicvfZvLQwSjI3SG45OehgCnXlV7wzGitZTXcx (up close kidney) Identify the letter that indicates blood vessels covered by podocytes.
C
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579595/files/3909200/download?verifier=QWPCTliqrqatGSD9GcD3Cu9hjMAluBsahK90DJo8 (Kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood to the kidney.
C
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579608/files/3909203/download?verifier=tK2zDblp8ztCpSTQWeuStbXwV1he3I1Vk055Dsnl (Veru very close kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the region of the nephron with receptors sensitive to antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
C
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579627/files/3909208/download?verifier=nOOCPQ2UKCWKk06IMkz8B9oleFgFBj4f65J8p0u7 (Really very close kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the visceral layer of the glomerular capsule.
C
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579588/files/3909197/download?verifier=jRmDwNJFOSU3UhK7TKKlfocgCRVeT3I2p0zRc3JW (Very very close kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the parietal layer of glomerular capsule.
D
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579593/files/3909199/download?verifier=iBfIQnfLTVvLxgoDZnMTzv6maJOjLrcL4Du9nbcs (Kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the renal pelvis.
D
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579598/files/3909201/download?verifier=1rtozdEl5h7Y4v63SOWZcmK2WHPvoCZ7vaDIB0r2 (Very very VERY close kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the vasa recta.
E
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579622/files/3909205/download?verifier=6BhgjqmRcQi0yizACru8yISeq9Y2RTfXTgr1Vanf (Kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the major calyx.
E
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579626/files/3909207/download?verifier=qARBtrsygkON6QUX3V917HA0k57RXSIIM26FLqeD (up close kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the proximal convoluted tubule.
E
What anatomical difference makes urinary tract infections more common in females than in males?
In females the urethra is shorter than in males.
Which of the following statements about the urinary bladder is false?
In females, the bladder lies posterior to the uterus but anterior to the rectum.
Which of the following statements about the internal urethral sphincter is false?
It is surrounded by the urogenital diaphragm.
Based on what you know about the location of the kidneys in the posterior abdominal wall, the hilum of the kidney must be at the level of which vertebra?
L1 or L2
Which gland sits atop each kidney?
adrenal
Blood vessel that contains granular cells involved in blood pressure regulation.
afferent arteriole
An increase in the permeability of collecting tubule cells to water is due to
an increase in the production of antidiuretic hormone.
Which of the following regions of the nephron is most likely to be found in the renal medulla?
collecting duct
The most superficial layer of the kidney is the
cortex.
85% of nephrons are described by this term that relates to their location in the kidney.
cortical
Arteries that branch to form the afferent arterioles to the glomeruli are
cortical radiate arteries.
Which segment of the nephron has a simple squamous epithelium?
descending limb of the nephron loop
The function of the collecting duct is to
determine the final volume and concentration of urine.
Contraction of this muscle forces urine from the bladder.
detrusor
Which of the following processes does not participate in the production of urine in the kidney?
evaporation
Knot of capillaries that directs blood into the efferent arteriole.
glomerulus
Which of the following is not part of the filtration membrane?
granular cells
The ureters
have a muscularis layer that is stimulated to contract by the stretching of their walls as urine enters them.
Which vessels lie within the renal columns?
interlobar arteries
The name of the inferior of the three openings in the trigone of the bladder is the
internal urethral orifice.
The region of the distal tubule that monitors concentration of the filtrate is called the
macula densa
Cup-shaped tubes that enclose the papillae of the pyramids.
minor calyx
Which of the following is found exclusively in the renal medulla?
nephron loop of juxtamedullary nephrons
If you looked closely at the tip of a renal papilla with a hand lens, the hundreds of little openings you would see on its surface are
openings of papillary ducts.
Which of the following supportive tissues is most superficial?
pararenal fat
In the micturition reflex, the detrusor muscle is stimulated to contract by
parasympathetic fibers.
Which structure(s) is (are) most important for holding the kidney in place in the abdomen?
perirenal and pararenal fat layers and renal fascia
The parts of the nephron whose epithelial cells contain the most mitochondria are the
proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
The part of the nephron whose epithelial cells are most responsible for resorption and secretion is the
proximal tubule.
Which of the following would not inhibit micturition?
relaxation of the internal urethral sphincter
The medial concave cleft in which vessels, ureters, and nerves enter/leave the kidney.
renal corpuscle, hilum
Which of the following structures are most numerous within a kidney?
renal corpuscles
Urine passes through the
renal pelvis to the ureter to the bladder to the urethra.
Before it enters the ureter, urine collects in the
renal pelvis.
The descriptive term for the location of the kidneys relative to the abdominal cavity.
retroperitoneal
Which off the following puts the flow of blood through the kidney in the correct order?
segmental artery — interlobar artery — arcuate artery — cortical radiate artery
Of the following, the only epithelial type that does not line the urethra is
simple squamous.
A large fat-filled space within the kidney that also contains the renal pelvis, blood vessels, and nerves.
sinus
In the juxtaglomerular apparatus, the macula densa is part of the
terminal nephron loop.
Renin is produced in
the granular cells.
Which of the following is not found in the renal corpuscle?
the nephron loop
An important difference between a cuboidal epithelial cell of the proximal versus the distal convoluted tubules is that
the proximal tubule cells have long microvilli that are fewer than or absent from the distal tubule cells.
An important difference between the peritubular capillaries and the vasa recta in the kidney is that
the vasa recta are in the medulla, whereas the peritubular capillaries are in the cortex.
Cortical nephrons are different from juxtamedullary nephrons in that
their nephron loop is shorter, with a shorter thin segment.
The epithelium lining the urinary bladder that permits distension is
transitional.
The neck, or inferior angle, of the bladder drains into the
urethra.
Ladderlike looping blood vessels within the medulla.
vasa recta
The layer of podocytes is the same as the
visceral layer of glomerular capsule.
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579613/files/3909204/download?verifier=O6UU8d5D7gKI5Pa8JA7X7YtEcqiSVOnDAh1Mn7WN (Kidney) Identify the letter that indicates a cortical radiate artery.
A
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579569/files/3909194/download?verifier=oLTGXsFbn2rZ9kmu6KwF5xg8K8h7eHUgszoR8KWd (Kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the blood vessels that delineate the cortex from the medulla.
B
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579586/files/3909196/download?verifier=OXbAA0BRNevWO1aC9FV8doAQU2hhxrK8fdZm4mWn (Very very close kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the glomerulus.
B
https://lbcc.instructure.com/assessment_questions/5579604/files/3909202/download?verifier=7HqOcLvcUWy5YeguQGH8eTApEXZHctMKRl44NwzA (Very very VERY close kidney) Identify the letter that indicates the afferent arteriole.
D