US. Gov. 1.2 key words

"Philosophy of History." Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, iep.edu. https://iep.utm.edu/history/#:~:text=Philosophy%20of%20history%20examines%20the,of%20religion%20-%20in%20two%20respects. "Natural Rights." Constitutional Rights Foundation, www.crf-usa.org. https://www.crf-usa.org/foundations-of-our-constitution/natural-rights.html#:~:text=Among%20these%20fundamental%20natural%20rights,to%20preserve%20their%20own%20lives. "How Parliament Works." UK Parliament, www.parliament.uk. https://www.parliament.uk/about/how/ "Role and Impact of Parliament." Parliament of Australia, www.peo.gov.au. https://www.peo.gov.au/understand-our-parliament/how-parliament-works/role-and-impact-of-parliament/ "The Mayflower Compact." The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, www.mass.gov. https://www.mass.gov/news/the-mayflower-compact#:~:text=Thus%2C%20the%20Mayflower%20Compact%20was,Massachusetts%20Bay%20Colony%20in%201691. "Self-Governance." Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-governance#:~:text=Self%2Dgovernance%2C%20self%2Dgovernment,intervention%20from%20an%20external%20authority. "The Declaration of Independence: A Transcription." U.S. National Archives and Records Administration

"Philosophy in Culture: A Cross-Cultural Perspective." Project MUSE, Johns Hopkins University Press, muse.jhu.edu. https://muse.jhu.edu/book/48271/#:~:text=Philosophy%20in%20Culture%3A%20A%20Cross%2DCultural%20Perspective&text=It%20argues%20that%20philosophy%20is,as%20a%20catalyst%20for%20progress. "Magna Carta." U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, www.archives.gov. https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured-documents/magna-carta#:~:text=Magna%20Carta%20was%20written%20by,system%20under%20which%20they%20lived. "The Glorious Revolution and the Bill of Rights." UK Parliament, www.parliament.uk. https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/parliamentaryauthority/revolution/collections1/collections-glorious-revolution/billofrights/#:~:text=It%20is%20an%20original%20Act,known%20today%20as%20Parliamentary%20Privilege. "Articles of Confederation." U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, www.archives.gov. https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/articles-of-confederation#:~:text=The%20Articles%20of%20Confederation%20were,day%20Constitution%20went%20into%20effect. "Shays' Rebellion." Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shays%27_Rebellion#:~:text=Shays%27%20Rebellion%20was%20an%20armed,Springfield%20during%201786%20and%201787.

Natural rights

Among these fundamental _____________ ____________, Locke said, are "life, liberty, and property." Locke believed that the most basic human law of nature is the preservation of mankind. To serve that purpose, he reasoned, individuals have both a right and a duty to preserve their own lives.

English Bill of Rights

It is an original Act of the English Parliament and has been in the custody of Parliament since its creation. The Bill firmly established the principles of frequent parliaments, free elections and freedom of speech within Parliament - known today as Parliamentary Privilege.

Declaration of Independence

The _________________________ __________ _________________________ states the principles on which our government, and our identity as Americans, are based. Unlike the other founding documents, the _________________________ __________ _________________________is not legally binding, but it is powerful. Abraham Lincoln called it "a rebuke and a stumbling-block to tyranny and oppression."

Articles of Confederation

The _________________________ __________ _________________________ were adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777. This document served as the United States' first constitution. It was in force from March 1, 1781, until 1789 when the present-day Constitution went into effect.

Philosophes

The __________________________________ of history critically examines the theoretical underpinnings of historical practices and their societal implications, asserting the integral role of __________________________________ in providing cultural self-justification and fueling progress. Concurrently, political __________________________________ explores the philosophical dynamics of government, investigating the nature and legitimacy of public institutions. Together, these disciplines enhance our understanding of history, culture, society, and governance.

Mayflower Compact

Thus, the _______________ _______________ was an agreement that bound the signers to obey the government and legal system established in Plymouth Colony. The _______________ _______________ remained in effect until Plymouth Colony became part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1691.

Separation of powers

_____________ _____ ____________ is a doctrine of constitutional law under which the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) are kept separate. This is also known as the system of checks and balances, because each branch is given certain powers so as to check and balance the other branches.

Parliament (English)

______________________________ is a crucial legislative body in many English-speaking and Commonwealth countries, tasked with law-making, government scrutiny, and citizen representation. Generally bicameral, it comprises an upper and lower house, such as the Senate and House of Representatives, respectively. Its members, elected representatives known as MPs, engage in debates, propose bills, vote on legislation, and hold the government accountable via various methods. These operations rest on democratic principles like accountability, representation, and transparency, emphasizing ______________________________ critical role in public policy, rule of law, and maintaining political checks and balances.

Self-rule

the ability of a person or group to exercise all necessary functions of regulation without intervention from an external authority.

Shays' Rebellion

was an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts and Worcester in response to a debt crisis among the citizenry and in opposition to the state government's increased efforts to collect taxes on both individuals and their trades. The fight took place mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787.

Magna Carta

was written by a group of 13th-century barons to protect their rights and property against a tyrannical king. It is concerned with many practical matters and specific grievances relevant to the feudal system under which they lived.