US Government Exam 1

The _____ was a governing document that failed because it did not provide an effective means for the government to raise money, it did not include an independent leader to direct the government, and it did not give the government the power to regulate commerce

Articles of Confederation

The primary contribution of the Federalist papers is

their insight into the defense of the constitution

Federalist No. 10 and Federalist No. 51 each argue, from different angles, that the constitution combats

tyranny of the majority

To amend the Articles of Confederation required a(n)

unanimous vote of the Confederation Congress

Since the overthrow of its military strongman Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, Libya has experienced

Aristocracy

In a globalized world we are sometimes closely tied through trade to former enemies. In 2014-2015, which country supplied nearly one-third of foreign students in American educational institutions?

China

Social Order

Established patterns of authority and traditional modes of behavior

Supporters of the Constitution named themselves

Federalists

The power of Congress to charter a bank is an example of what type of power?

Implied

When the authors say that we live in an era of "globalization," they mean that citizens and nations are increasingly

Interdependent

In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson's statement that "all men are created equal" is similar to which theorist's belief that government is based on the " consent of the governed"?

John Locke

____ are more likely to favor generous government support for education and housing

Liberals

The Supreme Court first declared that the courts have the power to overturn government acts that conflict with the constitution in

Marbury V. Madison

Once ratified, the constitution was quickly amended with the Bill of Rights to assuage concerns that this new government

Might infringe on personal liberty

National sovereignty

National _____ means that each national government is given the right to govern its own people as it wishes and no other nation can interfere with that

Which of the following is not one of the political principles relied on by the founders

One person, one vote

Which of the following is not a power granted to the president under the Constitution?

Power to declare war

Services that benefit all citizens and are not likely to be produced by the voluntary acts of individuals are known as

Public Goods

Which document proclaimed, "Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not... expressly delegated to the United States"?

The Articles of the Confederation

Government

The legitimate use of force within geographic boundaries to control human behavior.

According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress

There would be one house, and all states would have equal representation in it

Which political philosopher expressed the sentiment that life in a state of nature would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short?"

Thomas Hobbes

The plan presented at the Constitutional Convention generally favored by large states was the

Virginia Plan

The main positive result of the Annapolis Convention was

a call for a larger meeting of the states with a broader mission

A confederation can best be described as

a loose association of independent states

national sovereignty is defined as

a political entity's externally recognized right to exercise final authority over its affairs

Thomas Hobbes's ideal form of government was

a single ruler with unquestioned authority

The Great Compromise provided for

a two-chamber legislature with equal representation for all states in one chamber and population-based representation in the other

When compared with the U.S. Constitution, most American state constitutions

are longer and more detailed

In his 2014 State of the Union address, President Obama proposed that the minimum wage

be raised to $10.10

Government actions that are commonly engaged in by the U.S. government include

building interstate roads

The power of the president to veto laws is an example of

checks and balances

Under separation of powers, the U.S. system keeps power among all branches balanced by enabling one branch to counter the actions of another by use of

checks and balances

Documents leaked by Edward Snowden showed that the National Security Agency had

collected data on domestic phone conversations of ordinary Americans

According to the text, politicians openly call for more order

during times of social strife

Capitalism is best described as a(n)

economic system in which production and property are privately owned, with a minimum government interference

Article I, Section 8 of the constitution articulates the principle of ______, granting Congress limited powers.

enumerated powers

Communitarians are willing to use government promote both order and

equality

The notion that American public schools are open to all is an example of

equality of opportunity

When one person has the same chance to succeed in life as another, this is called

equality of opportunity

The constitutional amendment process requires

extraordinary majorities

Shays;s Rebellion consistedd of

farmers trying to prevent foreclosure on their property for high taxes levied to finance the state's wartime debt

Unless they are impeached, federal judges serve

for life

During the 1990s, Congress prohibited private businesses from discrimination in employment, public services, and public accommodations on the basis of physical or mental disabilities. This act creates a clash between

freedom and equality

What Madison called factions, are today called

interests groups

The key principle argued in the case Marbury v. Madison was

judicial review

Under the U.S. Constitution, the national government

lacks a general police power

Government can promote social equality through policies other than income redistribution. According to the text, in 2015, the Supreme Court promoted equality when it held that _____ was/were unconstitutional

laws banning same-sex marriages

As derived from John Locke's philosophy, the doctrine of Liberalism holds that government should

leave citizens free to further their individual pursuits

One similarity between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was that both plans

left unspecified how many people might comprise the executive

Article I of the Constitution refers to the

legislative branch

An American, who supports the creation of election districts that are likely to vote for minority candidates for public office and wants more restrictions on business owners' hiring decisions, is likely to be a

liberal

A(n) _____ is likely to believe that helping the needy should be a matter of individual choice

libertarian

According to your text, the difference between libertarianism and John Locke-inspired liberalism is

libertarianism rejects the need for public goods.

According to Thomas Hobbes, author of Leviathan, the proper objective of government is to

maintain order

Amendments to the constitution may be proposed by two-thirds votes in both the House and the Senate or by a

national convention

A constitutional clause that allows for a broad interpretation of implied powers is known as the _____ clause.

necessary and proper

The text of the Constitution deals with slavery by

not mentioning it directly

In general, libertarianism is characterized by

opposing all government action except that which protects life and property

Each citizens having one vote demonstrates

political equality

A consistent set of values and beliefs about the proper purpose and scope of government is a(n)

political ideology

The last seventeen amendments to the Constitution fall into three main categories: they make public policy, they correct deficiencies in the government's structure or they

promote equality

The chief goal of the drafters of the Articles of Confederation was to

protect the states rights

Although the United States is a capitalist country, the government does intervene in the economic arena, primarily through

regulating private buisness

The three-fifths compromise resolved the issue of

representation of slaves

A republic is a government

resting on the consent of the governed through their representatives

The chief objective of the First Continental Congress was to

restore peaceful relations between the colonies and Great Britian

Originally, the Constitutional Convention's purpose was to

revise the Articles of Confederation

The assignment in the Constitution of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches respectively is known as

separation of powers

The fifty-five signatories of the Declaration of Independence were courageous in their actions because

signing the Declaration was treason and punishable by hanging and drawing and quartering

The notion that governmental authority springs from the consent of the governed is derived from

social contract theory

After the Constitution was amended to permit the federal government to levy a progressive income tax, government could more effectively further the goal of

social equality

Western Europe's experience with democratic socialism demonstrates that

socialism can be practiced along with personal freedoms and democratic participation.

A person who favors government ownership of some basic industries and a strong government role in directing the economy would best be labeled a(n)

socialist

A government pursuing laissez-faire policies would

take a hands-off attitude toward the economy

The government's role in redistributing income to promote economic equality has been a major source of debate in the United States ever since

the Great Depression

A major event that led to greater British taxation of American colonies was

the Seven Years War

An example of a government policy that promotes social equality without redistributing income is

the U.S. Supreme Court holding state laws banning same-sex marriage were unconstitutional.

The national government can act on individuals if

the action is based on a constitutionally delegated power

One result of the Second Continental Congress was

the adoption of the Declaration of Independence.

politics

the authoritative allocation of values for a society

The original procedure for selecting the vice president, under the electoral college, was

the candidate with the next-greatest number of votes would become vice presidet

Historian Jack Rakove argues that in the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was arguing for

the collective right of revolution and self-government

Antifederalists attacked the proposed Constitution on the grounds that

the national government it created was too weak

The chief obstacle to ratification of the Constitution by the states was

the omission of a bill of rights

Using the state to redistribute income is a policy based on

the philosophy of Karl Marx

Which model of government does the Constitution best fit

the pluralist model

Article VI of the constitution contains provisions establishing

the supremacy clause and the no religious test clause

Which amendments were the only ones to limit the activities of individuals?

the thirteenth and eighteenth amendments

An underlying assumption of the text is that perfect freedom and order can never be achieved because

these two values are inherently in conflict and cannot be provided simultaneously

Anarchism is the political opposite

totalitarianism

To date, all constitutional amendments have been proposed by

two-thirds vote in both the House and the Senate