US History Chapter 14

Which was the intended message of southern literature during the 1840s and 1850s?

.

In 1856, Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina almost beat Senator ________ of Massachusetts to death on the floor of the U.S. Senate.

Charles Sumner

How did Democrats differ from Whigs over annexation and slavery in new territories?

Democrats endorsed expansion and a division of free and slave territories, while Whigs opposed annexation to avoid the slavery debate.

Which famous writer wrote proslavery polemics?

Edgar Allan Poe

The first broad, sectional, antislavery party was the

Free-soil party

What was Abraham Lincoln's position on slavery in his debates with Stephen Douglas during the 1858 Senate race?

He favored restricting slavery to the states where the Constitution protected it.

The key organizer of the Compromise of 1850 was

Henry Clay

The Wilmot Proviso proposed to ban slavery

In territory acquired from mexico

Which describes an important result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

It had catastrophic effects on sectional harmony.

Why was the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 so vehemently opposed by northerners?

It permitted slavery in an area where it had previously been prohibited.

Why did Uncle Tom's Cabin have such an emotional impact Americans in the 1850s?

It portrayed slavery as a threat to the family and the Cult of Domesticity.

In the Pottawatomie Massacre,

John Brown and his followers killed five proslavery settlers in cold blood.

A smaller conflict over slavery, which prefigured the American Civil War, was fought in which state during the late 1850s?

Kansas

The political party known especially for its anti-immigrant, anti-Catholic philosophy was the

Know nothing party

Who among the following was NOT a presidential candidate in the 1860 election?

Millard Filmore

In order to gain southern support for the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Stephen Douglas had to add an amendment explicitly repealing the

Missouri Compromise

Nativists disliked Irish and German immigrants because so many of the immigrants were

Roman Catholic

When the House voted on the Wilmot Proviso, the vote was split along

Sectional Lines

According to the principle of popular sovereignty, ________ would determine whether a territory would have slavery.

Settlers

How did the acquisition of Texas, New Mexico, and California cause conflict in the United States?

The Constitution did not establish the status of slavery in future states, so whether or not those territories would allow slavery was hotly debated.

Why was it difficult for northern abolitionists to mount a legal attack against the institution of slavery in southern states?

The Constitution protected state laws that allowed slavery.

Which does NOT help explain why the Whig Party's candidate failed overwhelmingly in the 1852 presidential campaign?

The Whig nominee lost northern support by allying himself with the antislavery wing of the party.

During the 1840s, which statement was true of most northerners?

They disliked slavery and detested abolitionism.

How did southerners react to Lincoln's victory in the presidential election of 1860?

They launched a movement to secede from the Union.

In the 1850s, the most important example of literary abolitionism was

Uncle Tom's Cabin

As a result of the revised Fugitive Slave Law in the Compromise of 1850, it became

easier to kidnap and enslave free African Americans.

The most outrageous component of the Compromise of 1850 was the

enactment of the new Fugitive Slave Law.

What do most modern historians believe was the underlying cause of the breakup of the Union?

ideological differences over the morality and utility of slavery

Why did popular sovereignty fail in the 1854 Kansas elections?

illegal voting by Missouri residents

John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry

increased southern fears of northern hostility.

Between 1856 and 1860, the explosive tensions between ________ led to a growing sense that the two groups could no longer coexist in the same nation.

northerners and southerners

The Free Soil movement supported the exclusion of slavery from the territories because

of racial prejudice and fear of labor competition from freed slaves.

In the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Stephen Douglas attempted to set up territorial government on the basis of

popular sovereignty.

Which best explains the rapid growth of the Republican Party in the 1850s?

position on slavery in the territories

In the presidential election of 1856, the Republican Party's platform endorsed

prohibiting slavery in the territories.

Northern evangelicalism focused on ___________ while southern evangelicalism focused on ____________.

self-discipline and social reform; personal piety

In his debates with Stephen Douglas, Abraham Lincoln

suggested that not opposing slavery was the same as endorsing it.

The Compromise of 1850

temporarily restored sectional peace.

In the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision, the court did NOT rule that

the Democratic platform was unconstitutional.

The term "second-party system" describes

the vigorous competition between Whigs and Democrats.

The Republicans were successful in the election of 1860 because

they were able to win decisively in the North.

The Ostend Manifesto was a memorandum that accused the Pierce administration of

wanting to create a "Caribbean slave empire" by annexing Cuba.

The growing division between North and South during the 1840s and 1850s

was increasingly seen in cultural and intellectual terms.

The Republican Party's nominating convention for the presidential election revealed that it

was primarily a sectional party

How was the election of James Buchanan in 1856 viewed by southerners?

with a temporary sense of relief

The radical abolitionist ________ burned a copy of the Constitution to protest slavery.

William Lloyd Garrison

Why did it take months to push the Compromise of 1850 though Congress?

X. President Taylor opposed the compromise, and congressmen kept granting key concessions to rival parties. President Taylor was for the compromise, but congressmen kept granting key concessions to rival parties. President Taylor died and was succeeded by Millard Fillmore, who opposed the compromise.

Why did the Republican Party call for "free soil" in the territories rather than freedom for African Americans?

X. The party was focusing on "free soil" as a first step in the eventual freedom of all African Americans. Putting the focus on the laws of the land rather than the freedoms of African Americans would prevent isolating the hard line racists in the party.

John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia, involved

X.a group of white and black abolitionists killing three slave owners and wounding five others. a slave rebellion that resulted in the deaths of 18 whites and all of the slaves.

In the case of Dred Scott v. Sandford,

a slave sued on the grounds that he had lived in a free state and so he should be a free man.