US History EOCT Final

Based on the advice to the nation by President Washington, delivered upon his retirement, which of the following statements BEST reflects his principal concerns for the future of the United States?

Citizens should be wary of sectionalism in the United States.

The Constitutional Convention of 1787 in Philadelphia Occurred in which century?

Eighteenth Century

What was one effect of the Wagner Act (1935)?

Employers were prohibited from interfering in workers' efforts to unionize.

Which of these MOST accurately describes a result of Lyndon Johnson's "Great Society" programs?

Federal spending was increased for education, housing, and health care.

What was one way that the development of the colonies responded to the fact that Florida was a Spanish colony?

Georgia was a buffer zone between the British and Spanish.

One result of the French and Indian War(1754-1763) was that dominance in North America was achieved by

Great Britain

Which of the following BEST describes Abraham Lincoln's public position on slavery by 1860?

He opposed the expansion of slavery but not its existence.

What action did President Dwight Eisenhower take when Government Orval Faubus refused to allow African-American students to attend Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas?

He sent the U.S. Army to Little Rock to enforce the law.

Which of the following events is a direct cause of the involvement of the United States in the Persian Gulf War?

Iraq invaded Kuwait, an ally of the United States.

What was the effect on the United States of the sinking of the ship Lusitania by a German submarine in 1915?

It aroused public anger against Germany and led President Wilson to demand that Germany respect the rights of travelers from neutral countries.

Charles A. Lindbergh piloted The Spirit of St. Louis from New York to Paris in the first successful solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean. What was the greatest immediate impact of Lindbergh's accomplishment?

It sparked public interest and boosted the aviation industry.

Which of the following events about The Great Depression and Occupation of China should appear in the box with the question mark?

Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

"I hold that in the present state of civilization, where two races of different origin, and distinguished by color, and other physical differences, as well as intellectual, are brought together, the reaction now existing in the slave holding states between the two is, instead of an evil, a good - a positive good."

John C. Calhoun

Thomas Jefferson was restating the ideas expressed in the Two Treatises on Government by British philosopher

John Locke

Which of the following leaders during the Civil Rights era beginning in 1947 is BEST known for advocating non-violent demonstrations?

Martin Luther King Jr.

How did the completion of the Erie Canal in 1825 impact New York City?

New York City became a major economical and financial center.

Which trail was taken MOST often by people whose goal was to start communities

Oregon Trail

Attempts to escape religious persecution were key factors in the original settlement of which American colonies?

Pennsylvania and Maryland

The Supreme Court decided in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that segregated accommodations were constitutionally allowable as long as they were equal. So the doctrine of "separate but equal" was established. Why did many people object in that ruling?

People knew that the reality of the situation was based upon inequality. If institutions were separate, they could not be equal.

Which of the following statements BEST explains the dramatic increase in African Americans in colonial America between 1730 and 1750?

Plantation agriculture expanded in the southern colonies.

Which of these statements can be supported by information on the Cherokee time line?

President Jackson supported the states over the Supreme Court on Native American issues.

What previous American president's policy was President Kennedy using for support for his position?

President Monroe's Monroe Doctrine

Which of the following was one of the original thirteen colonies?

Rhode Island

Which of the following was a belief held by John Brown (1800-1859)?

Slavery should be abolished by violent means, if necessary.

"The growth of a large business is merely the survival of the fittest." - Rockefeller The point of view expressed in this quotation is an example of

Social Darwinism

Why was the Fourteenth Amendment NOT successfully implemented in Southern states during the Reconstruction Era?

Southern states refused to acknowledge the amendment because of its provisions.

Which of the following Constitutional amendments MOST directly addresses the issue of limiting the authority of the federal govenment?

Amendment 10-Powers of the States and People

The new Republican Party of the 1850s drew much of its northern base from

Antislavery or "conscience" Whigs

President Theodore Roosevelt stated that the people deserved a "Square Deal" from government. What did he mean by that?

Business groups should be restricted from unfair business practices by government.

The nullification confrontation of 1832-1833 between President Andrew Jackson and South Carolina Senator John C. Calhoun concerned

Calhoun's claim that a state has the power to ignore federal laws.

Why did President Kennedy approve the Bay of Pugs invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles supported by the Central Intelligence Agency in 1961?

Castro has developed close economic and political ties to the Soviet Union.

"You have secured to us the free navigation of the Mississippi. You have procured an immense and fertile country; and all these great blessings are obtained without bloodshed." This quote refers to

The Louisiana Purchase

Which of the following "effects" should appear where you see the question mark?

The United States enters into the period of Reconstruction.

Which of the following helps to explain the reason for American expansionism in the mid- 1800s and early 1900s?

The United States sought new markets for agricultural and industrial products.

"The slaveholding states will no longer have the power of self-government, or self-protection, and the federal government will become their enemy..." - South Carolina legislature "The Union is older than any of these states, and, in fact, it created them as states." - Abraham Lincoln "

The conflict over how much independence states should have in the federal system.

Which of these statements expresses an official U.S. government policy of the 1850s?

The nation has a right and a duty to expand to the Pacific Coast.

In the late 1800s, railroads were charging high prices to ship and store agricultural produce. When other political efforts failed to reduce freight charges, farmers began to demand that the U.S. government produce more silver money. Why did the farmers want the minting of more silver money?

They expected monetary inflation, which would give them better prices for their crops.

Which statements is MOST true about many African Americans during World War I?

They left the rural South for jobs in the North.

Because of the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765, many colonists began to believe that

They should only abide by laws enacted by their own representatives.

A Native American living in the Ohio River valley region would have which of the following views about the Proclamation of 1763 that forbade colonists from entering the region?

They would agree because they didn't went to see Europeans in the area.

"A treaty and agreement betwixt the commissioners for the United Colonies of New England on the one part and...the Sagamores of the Narraganset and Niantic Indians on the other part made and concluded at Boston in the Massachusetts the xxviith of the sixth month 1645." This passage suggests that Sagamores were

Tribal Leaders

Most anti-Federalists changed from opponents to supporters of the Constitution after they were promised

a bill of rights

The rush among European powers to establish colonies in the Americas can BEST be described as

an extension of military and economic rivalries.

By the early 1900s, U.S. government interest in developing an economic relationship with the Chinese empire was part of an overall plan to

become an imperialist power

"The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending to our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far we have already formed engagements and let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop." In his Farewell Address, President George Washington warned future Americans about the problems that could result from

becoming allied with foreign powers

When Theodore Roosevelt said, "Speak softly and carry a big stick," he was trying to gain support for

building a powerful navy to aid United States diplomacy.

Over the last 100 years, the United States has experienced significant improvements in transportation and technology. As a result, urban centers of today differ from those of the 1800s in that modern cities

can be located farther from supplies or food and fresh water.

The American Federal of Labor (AFL), led by Samuel Gompers, proposed that the union should negotiate for all the workers. The idea is called

collective bargaining

United States involvement in the Korean War was part of its policy of

containment

The United States gained control of the land it needed to build the Panama Canal by

encouraging and supporting Panamanian independence.

The core membership of the Populist Party in the 1890s consisted of

farmers

The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 served to restrict

freedom of speech and freedom of the press

What was one result of the work of the Tennessee Valley Authority in the 1930s?

generation of affordable electricity for rural areas.

Which of the following actions would have been supported by Northern manufacturers and opposed by Southern planters?

imposing a tariff upon finished goods.

What was one major result of the "space race" that occurred during the 1950s and 1960s?

improvement of satellite

The development of suburban areas in the Unietd States during the 1950s can be attributed mostly in

increasing development of the national highway system.

What was the status of Texas immediately prior to statehood?

independent republic

When the U.S. government needed 10,000 rifles for the army, Eli Whitney applied for the contract. He took several guns, dismantled them, put the pieces in a box, and shook it. He then randomly selected the pieces he needed, assembled one rifle, and fired it. What did he demonstrate?

interchangeable parts

During the 1990s, the economies of Canada, Mexico, and the United States became more integrated when all three nations agreed to

lower trade barriers(NAFTA)

So many people were required so quickly because the United States previously had

maintained a very small peacetime military.

Confederate victories in these battles are BEST explained by Confederate superiority in

military leadership

Demands for calling of a Constitutional Convention in 1787 reflected the growing belief that the

national government needed to be strengthened.

"With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation's wounds...to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves, and with all nations." This selection expresses Lincoln's hope for restoration of

national unity

The purpose of the Nuremberg war crimes trails after World War II was to

punish German leaders for crimes against humanity.

One major compromise at the Constitutional Convention settled the difference between large states and small states over the issue of

representation in Congress

The Confederate defeat at Vicksburg was important because it

resulted in the Confederacy being split in half along the Mississippi River

Which word BEST describes the agricultural system used during Reconstruction that allowed white landowners to benefit from the labor of former slaves without paying wages?

sharecropping

What southern states' representatives were contributing to drafting the Constitution, they tended to argue that

slaves should be counted in the census.

"Let me assert [declare] my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself. In his first inaugural address, President FDR was warning the American people NOT to be discouraged by the effects of

the Great Depression

By 1863, MOST military planners knew that the South could not continue to fight indefinitely because

the Southern industrial base was too weak to support the expense of waging war.

On May 10, 1869, in Promontory, Utah, the East and the West became connected by the completion of

the Transcontinental Railroad

All of the following are examples of nonviolent demonstration against racial segregation in the United States in the 1960s EXCEPT

the integreation of "Ole Miss"

Which of the following contributed MOST to the forced removal of Native Americans form the Great Plains from 1867 to 1890

the westward shift of the frontier

In the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan and nativist movements such as the Immigration Restriction League shared the belief that

white Americans were racially superior to other groups.