US History Fall Semester Final Review

Alexis de Tocqueville & the values of the U.S

A French political thinker and historian best known for his works Democracy in America. Democracy in America was published after Tocqueville's travels in the United States, and is today considered an early work of sociology and political science.

Populist movement purpose and who benefits

A political party which claims to offer "real solutions" to American problems through the establishment of what they call a "constitutional democracy". The party believes that power in the hands of "political elites" has a much greater chance for corruption, and that prosperity can only exist when the sovereign people of the nation are in charge of their own political destiny.

Return to Normalcy

A return to the way of life before World War I, was United States presidential candidate Warren G. Harding's campaign promise in the election of 1920.

Jane Addams

A social worker and reformer who opened and operated the largest settlement house in Chicago.

John Witherspoon

American Revolutionary leader and educator (born in Scotland) who was a signer of the Declaration of Independence and president of the college that became Princeton University (1723-1794)

John Trumball, Sr.

American Revolutionary leader who as governor of Connecticut provided supplies for the Continental Army (1710-1785)

John Hancock

American revolutionary patriot who was president of the Continental Congress

John D. Rockefeller

An American business magnate and philanthropist. He was a co-founder of the Standard Oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great U.S. business trust.

John Peter Muhlenberg

An American clergyman, Continental Army soldier during the American Revolutionary War, he served in the United States House of Representatives and United States Senate from Pennsylvania; Founding father

J.P. Morgan

An American financier, banker, and art collector who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation during his time. He had significant influence over the nation's high finance and United States Congress members.

Andrew Carnegie

Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American industrialist who led the enormous expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century. He built a leadership role as a philanthropist for the United States and the British Empire.

Immigrants : Parts of Europe most came from prior to 1880, after 1880 & characteristics of both

Before 1880, most new immigrants came the the United States from Northern Europe, particularly Ireland and Germany By 1890, most immigrants come from countries in southern Europe (such as Italy and Greece), and from northern Europe (such as Russia and Poland).

Causes of & Effects of Spanish-American War on foreign policy & the economy

Causes - Spain and Cuba were fighting Effects: U.S got many land/colonies got self government

Panama Canal- Military, economic and geographic advantages for US.

Commercial Importance. The Panama Canal was built to shorten the distance that ships had to travel to pass between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The canal permits shippers of commercial goods, ranging from automobiles to grain, to save time and money by transporting cargo more quickly.

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Cornelius Vanderbilt, also known informally as "Commodore Vanderbilt", was an American business magnate and philanthropist who built his wealth in railroads and shipping.

Charles Carroll

Only Catholic to sign the Declaration of Independence

Panamanian revolution and its effects

Panamanian's eager to rebel when Columbia refused America's proposal to buy land for the canal; the people hoped that prosperity would follow the construction of the canal; Bunau-Varilla and US naval forces aided in revolution; US justified intervention by a strained interpertation of treaty of 1846 (but Roosevelt was really just desperate to be elected president by his own means); occured on November 3, 1903 with the killing of Chinese civilian and donkey

Benjamin Rush

Patriot and doctor; signer of the Declaration of Independence and strong supporter of the Constitution.

Effects of Schenck v United States

Schenck established the standard by which subversive and seditious political speech would be measured under the First Amendment for the next fifty years.

Election of 1912 & impact of third parties

Shows the impact a 3rd party can have on an election; when Teddy Roosevelt left the Republican Party to form the Bull Moose Party he hoped to win back the presidency; his presence on the ballot split the Republican vote allowing the Democrat, Woodrow Wilson, to win; Wilson ended up leading the US through WWI and pushing for the Leauge of Nations

Effects of industrialization on American workers

Skilled craftsmen were often replaced by unskilled machine operators.

Bill of Rights : Why added to Constitution

The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution as the first ten amendments on December 15, 1791. The fact that the Constitution did not include a bill of rights to specifically protect Americans' hard-won rights sparked the most heated debates during the ratification process.

Impact of Plessy v Ferguson

The Impact. Plessy v. Ferguson allowed 'separate but equal,' also known as segregation, to become law in the United States. After this, Jim Crow laws, which were a system of laws meant to discriminate against African Americans, spread across the U.S.

Teapot Dome scandal

The Teapot Dome scandal was a bribery incident that took place in the United States from 1921 to 1922, during the administration of President Warren G. Harding.

Free Silver movement

Unlimited coinage of free silver, which would cause inflation. Supported by farmers, Democrats, the Populist Party, Westerners and Southerners