US History - Quiz Civil War

The choice made by Generals Grant and Sherman to take the war to the South's civilian population and destroy as much as possible is known as

total war

The most notorious of the Civil War prison camps was

Andersonville

The bloodiest single-day battle of the Civil War took place at

Antietam

The _____________ were northerners who supported the South during the Civil War.

Copperheads

Many Native Americans because of harsh treatment from the United States were eager to join and fight with the Confederacy.

True

Paper money printed by the Union was known as _____________________.

greenbacks

The first major battle of the war was fought alongside Manassas Junction along a creek called ____________________.

Bull Run

The Confederate army made a desperate attack to try and win the battle at Gettysburg by attacking

Cemetery Ridge

Who was Clara Barton and what was her contribution to the war effort?

Clara Barton, known as the "Angel of the Battlefield", was an organizer of a volunteer service to aid sick and wounded Civil War soldiers and founded the Amrican branch of the Red Cross. She spoke to and fed from her hand every soldier she encountered, often working on the battle front with little to no medical supplies.

Why did Robert E. Lee ultimately surrender his army at Appomattox Courthouse, and who did he surrender to?

Due to continuous Confederate desertions, the Confederates saw that they were outnumbered by Union soldiers who had marched through the night night to cut off the Confederate advance. Lee soon realized he had been cut off from any support and that is small number of remaining soldiers would soon have to loot for food to survive. Out of options, Lee sent word to Union General Ulysses S. Grant of his readiess to surrender. Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse and Grant declared the war to be over.

Read the primary source document on women and the war effort on page 366 of your text. What role did women play in the war and how were their lives affected?

During the Civil War, some women dressed as men to become soldiers while others became nurses, healthcare advocates, volunteers and raised funds. Mary Ashton Rice Livermore, a soldier's relief worker encouraged women to utilize their skills to become involved and show their patriotism. Many women also had to pick up the slack on the homefront when their men went to fight. Women became more involved in the public eye and were more involved outside of the home.

In November of 1863, Lincoln gave an important speech in which he galvanized the country's purpose of the war to provide a land for equal opportunity and freedom for all. The speech is known as the

Gettysburg Address

The famous actor who assassinated President Lincoln was

John Wilkes Booth

Why was the Battle of Gettysburg so significant?

The Battle of Gettysburg was one in which Robert E. Lee invaded the North with intentions of having them surrender. Lee felt that a vicotry in the North's teritory would cause the Union to lose their will to fight. A win would also build up their food and clothing supplies and allow owning slaves to become permanent. Instead, it significantly weakened their army and they lost to the Union. Lee retreated to VA and the Confederates never attempted to invade the North again.

What was the significance of the Battle of Shiloh?

The Battle of Shiloh ended with an unpursued Confederate withdrawal. Both Confederate and Union suffered high soldier fatalities for the first time and it was one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War. The Confederate general Albert Sidney Johnston was killed on day one of the battle. Although this was a win for the Union, and the MS River Valley was opened up for the Union Army, neither side gained any ground. It was a realization to the soldiers that there would be significant blood shed and death would be a gift in comparison to some of the wounded soldiers seen.

The Northern plan to blockade the coast, divide the Union along the Mississipp River, and cut off trade and resources was named after what reptile?

The anaconda plan

Why was Sherman's "march to the sea" so devastating?

Union General William Sherman led approximately 60,000 soldiers on a march consisting of 285 miles from Atlanta, GA to Savannah, GA. with intent to scare the non army population into abandoning the Confederate cause. He knew he could not change their minds but by destroying the South's ability to conduct war and making them so sick of war, he thought it would keep them from going to war again in the near future. All along his march, Sherman and his men devastated the countryside by looting farms, and stealing food and supplies

Discuss the advantages that the North and South had going in to the war?

Union advantages were having a much larger army, 90% of the industrial power was in the North and the US had a strong Navy to blockade the southern coast. Confederate advantages included that they were fighting for a cause, had the advantage of fighting on their home "turf" and the Confederate Army had superior officers and most Southern soldiers were more battle ready than their adversary, Union soldiers.