Vector-Borne Diseases

diurnal, yellow, dengue, zika, Chikungunya

Aedes Mosquito - _____ ____ fever ____ ____ ______ Mayaro

habitat, behavior, warming, travel, urbanization, migration, poverty, plastics

Aedes vectors have perfectly adapted to human ____ and _____ Increased: Global _____ Global trade and ___ Unplanned ______ _______ _________ Environmental degradation ______!

nocturnal, malaria

Anopheles - ____ ______ O'nyong-nyong

primates, humans, zoonotic, epidemic

Arbovirus transmission cycle First, Aedes mosquito infected _____, then mosquito infected _____ and disease circulated (from _____ to _____)

participation, representatives, all, change, ethical, community empowerment

CBPR •Community-based participatory research •A collaborative research approach designed to ensure and establish structures for ____ by communities affected by the issue being studied, _____ of organizations, and researchers in _____ aspects of the research process to improve health and well-being through taking action, including social ____. •Based on 2 Pillars -->______: responds to a history of exploitation of communities by researchers -->_____ _____: "maximum feasible community participation"-Paulo Freire- pedagogy of the oppressed

evidence, communication, dengue chat

CITRIS - Our Tool: ___-based ______ --> ______ ___

militarization, engagement, corruption, violence

Challenges of DengueChat: Brazil: Pacification process, __________ of Mare, lack of civil ___ Mexico: _____, political stagnation, _____

register, training

Concept landing page of Dengue Torpedo: • DT users ____ and join teams to play. • Links to educational material and _____ are provided. • All communities participating worldwide can be found in this page.

USA

Countries and territories in the Americas with confirmed autochthonous (vector-borne) Zika virus cases, 2015-2016. •47 countries reported autochthonous infection • 16 countries reported cases of congenital syndrome associated with Zika (lots in _____)

crepuscular, west nile, encephalitis

Culex Mosquito - ________ ____ ______ Jap ______ St. L ______ (same word for this and last) Filariasis

failed

Current efforts have _____ to prevent mosquitoes from being nasty >:(

evidence-based, report

DengueChat uses _____-_____ (or data-based) strategy to mobilize vector control _____ breeding sites in www.denguechat.org

breeding sites, software, container, data, communities

DengueChat/ZikaChat 1. Crowd sources identification of Aedes ____ _____ 2. Designed with a collaborative ____ development, 3. Promotes civic engagement and active community participation in ______ search and elimination 4. Generates real time _____ useful for evidence-based decision-making around vector control ______ AT THE CENTER OF VECTOR CONTROL Their choices, their gains, their data

increased, 2014, 2016, decrease

Epidemic Curvede dengue, chikungunya,y Zika: Americas, 2008-2017* dengue - ______ chikungunya - appeared new in _____ zika - appeared new in ______ all appeared to _____ in 2017

malaria, martial, insect killer, DDT, WW2, zero tolerance, agents, breeding sites

Fred L. Soper (1893-1977) • Soper eradicated of a _____-carrying African import, Anopheles gambiae, from northeast Brazil in the late 1930s. Like Gorgas, Soper was given the authority of ______ law for his efforts, opening all forms of private property to his then-preferred insecticide, Paris Green, or copper acetoarsenate. • Reputation as the world's _____ _____: mobilized the large-scale industrial production of dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane, or ____, during and following ___. (in addition to kill lice and its associated typhus bacteria in Algeria and Italy in soldier barracks) • Set a new historical standard for _____ ____, or "species sanitation" Focused on the widespread application of _______, outdoor as well as indoor, rather than the elimination of ____ _____.

all, europe

GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION OF AEDES AEGYPTI in _____ continents (except _____)

Americas

Global distribution of Chikungunya Virus -2014 spread to 43 countries in the _____ with >1 million suspected cases (only in Africa, Asia, and Europe before) -2015 in the Americas 693,498 suspected cases -2016 5 fold decrease but new emergence in Argentina! -15 deaths reported in Delhi, India

dialogue, doing, socialization, actions, me, visits, network, agency

Key Elements of SEPA 1. Evidence-based informed and respectful ____ 2. Learn by _____ 3. _______ of the evidence 4. Reflecting on my own _____ 5. Agree on an action that works for ____ 6. Weekly entomological _____ 7. Communal clean-up campaigns 8. _____ strengthening 9. Citizen empowerment = _____

water, land, water

Life Cycle Mosquito grows in _____ adult life on _____ lays eggs in ______

development, state power

Long entangled with not only disease but _______, the mosquito is intimately linked to _____ _____, often becoming both its object and its raison d'eˆtre

historical, roman, panama, Alexander, Genghis, Drake

Mosquitoes and History mosquitos associated with major _____ events, like fall of ______ empire, thwarted first effort to construct _____ canal by french, checked the global ambitions of both _____ the Great and ____ Khan, Sir Francis ______'s victory over the Spanish Armada

Brazil, Mexico

Most dengue in ____ and ______

engagement, organization, champion, 5

Opportunities of DengueChat: Nicaragua: Camino Verde experience Civil _____ Community _____ Local _____: Community Leader and Study Coordinator --> ______ barrios in Managua compete to eliminate mosquito breeding sites and to achieve "casa verde" status

house, neighborhood, inter, people

SEPA - Socializing Evidence for Participatory Action Three Levels of Intervention 1. _____ 2. Barrio-____ 3. _____-Barrio ultimately, it's _____-centered

decreased, sickness, index

Sepa with intervention, the number of pupas _______, ______ decreased, overall _____ decreased

breeding sites, discussions, fairs, clean-up

Sepa - Barrio level interventions Reduction of key ____ ____ ______ in schools participation in barrio _______ ____-____ campaigns

messaging, registries, entomolgical

Social Behavior Change •KEY _____ of health behaviors to reduce Zika risk. Community commitments •Home _____ attendance, pregancies, suspected cases, new borns •Home ______ surveillance

infromation, eliminating, mobilize, local, arbovirus risk

Social principles of DengueChat: -- Residents of communities affected by arbovirus diseases are the best sources of ____ about both active and potential mosquito breeding sites. -- They are therefore potentially the best agents for ____ the mosquito. -- The challenge is to ____ residents. -- DengueChat gives residents a sense of respect by valuing their _____ knowledge. -- DengueChat shows residents the immediate effects of their efforts to control mosquito breeding sites by displaying changes in ____ _____ in their neighborhoods.

social, software, assembly, citizenship, knowledge

The Social Apps Lab at CITRIS provides interdisciplinary collaboration to identify _____ problems that _____ applications can productively address by reformulating the terms and scales of democratic ___, active _______, and urban _______.

Brazil, Mexico, Nicaragua

Three models of pilot implementation DengueChat: ___, ____, and ____

insects, parasites, bacteria, viruses, parasitic, arboviral, bacterial, rickettsial

Vector-Borne Diseases •Vectors are ______ ( ticks, fleas, black flies, sandflies, mosquitoes, flies etc) that carry infectious agents including ______, ______ and ______. •Vectors transmit numerous diseases to humans: ____ diseases, _____ diseases, and _____ and ______ diseases

Gorgas, chemical-free, breeding sites, drainage, brush, screening, sick, mosquitoes, shoe-leather, intensive, Soper

W. C. Gorgas vs Fred L. Soper approaches to mosquito control • _____ was as a pioneer of _____-____ mosquito source reduction. (Cuba and Panama). • He saw the potential for mosquito colonization in every nook and cranny of natural and urban spaces. His method: Preventing these spaces from becoming ____ _____. • Microstrategies --> interface between human and mosquito: - _____ of all pools and ditches, widespread _____ removal; window-_____, quarantining of the ___, capturing of adult _____ by hired squads of workers • On-the-ground, labor-intensive, and environmentally complex approach, conducted by "____-____ epidemiologists" (work in the field) •Eventually overshadowed by the chemically ____ warfare waged by American doctor Fred L. Soper

community, women, pure

What are Care Groups? •A _____-based strategy for social and behavioral change •Developed by Dr. Pieter Ernst with World Relief/ Mozambique, used subsequently by 27 organizations (and several governments) in 28 countries •Focuses on building teams of volunteer _____ who are selected by their peers, and represent, serve, and do health promotion with fixed blocks of 10-15 households each •"____" volunteers - no monetary incentives, just job aids

mosquito, human

What is the world's most deadly animal? Second most deadly?

Gorgas, Soper

_____: "in order to fight malaria and yellow fever, you have to learn to think like a mosquito" _____: "fighting malaria has very little to do with the intricacies of science and biology. It's a war...

increased

dengue cases have _______ over time

human, mosquito, virus, ecology, climate

disease is made up of _____ host, _____ vector, and _____, which make up the ____, which are influenced by the _____