Viruses

DNA viruses and RNA viruses

What are the two classifications of viruses?

lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle

What are the two processes by which a virus can reproduce itself once inside the host cell?

envelope

What do some viruses have surrounding their capsids?

host cell

What do viruses need in order to survive?

HIV

What is an example of a retrovirus?

polehydral

What is the common shape of a virus?

DNA or RNA

What is the inner core of a virus made up of?

capsid

What is the virus's outer coat of protein that surrounds the DNA or RNA called?

bacteriophage (phage)

a virus that infects a bacterium

lysogenic cycle

reproduction process in which the virus does not act immediately; could take years for symptoms to appear

lytic cycle

reproduction process in which the virus immediately takes over and begins overpowering the host cell

RNA virus

some enter the cell and make new proteins directly from the RNA

RNA virus

the classification of viruses that changes constantly

DNA virus

the more stable of the two virus classifications

retrovirus

type of RNA virus that uses an enzyme called Reverse Transcriptase to make DNA which can then be integrated into the host cell's chromosome or used to make protens

False (Each virus can usually only attach to a few kinds of cells or to a specific species of organisms.)

True or False: Each virus can usually attach to many kinds of cells and organisms.

True

True or False: Once you receive a vaccine, the next time a virus is detected in your body, antibodies will already be in the blood ready to attack the virus.

True

True or False: Plants can get viruses.

False

True or False: Vaccines guarantee 100% protection against viruses.

False (Vaccines often give a nonvirulent or a weakened form of a live virus.)

True or False: Vaccines often give a virulent or a live form of a virus.

True

True or False: Viruses are non-living.

False (Viruses can only be seen with an electron microscope)

True or False: Viruses can be seen with a light microscope.

antibodies

Vaccines help your body to recognize these viral cells as "foreign invaders" and mount a defense against them in the form of what?

metabolism

After attachment, the virus enters the host cell and takes over its what?

DNA viruses

For which type of viruses can vaccines be developed?

receptor site

The place where the virus recognizes and attaches to the plasma membrane of a host cell is called what?

virulent

causes disease

host

cell in which the virus replicates

temperate

does not cause a disease right away; can remain dormant (inactive) for some time

nonvirulent

does not cause disease

DNA virus

may produce new RNA which in turn makes more viral proteins