Viruses and SARS-CoV-2

Lytic Life Cycle

virus infects a host cell, inserts DNA synthesizes copies of the genome, make capsid proteins assemble new viruses - capsid and genome lyse cell and infect new cells

Betacoronaviruses

family of coronaviruses

Coronavirus

family of enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses

interferon

Protein produced by cells in response to being infected by a virus; helps other cells resist the virus.

Retrovirus

animal infecting virus

spike proteins

binds host cell receptor

reverse transcriptase

An enzyme encoded by some certain viruses (retroviruses) that uses RNA as a template for DNA synthesis.

genome

DNA or RNA encoding the instructions to infect a host cell and make more viruses

host cell

Living cell in which a virus can actively multiply or in which a virus can hide until activated by environmental stimuli

COVID19

SARS CoV 2 disease

SARS-CoV-2

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Coronavirus - 2

provirus

Viral DNA that inserts into a host genome

membrane proteins

assembly of virion envelope

prophage

bacteriophage DNA that is embedded in the bacterial host's DNA

Nucleocapsid

coats and protects RNA

zoonotic host

different wild animals

envelope proteins

minor protein needed to form virion, helps with infection

Virus

obligate intracellular molecular parasites - must infect and reproduce inside a host cell

Capsid

protein coating

RNA dependent RNA polymerase

the enzyme that uses RNA as a template to produce RNA. By in large absent from the host cells, it has to be either carried in by the virions or encoded by the viral genome

lysogenic life cycle

viral genome is incorporated into host cell genome and is replicated along with host genome