Vision

The name of the point at which the optic nerve leaves the retina is called the _______.

Blind Spot

What happens if you cut left optic tract?

Causes Homonymous Hemianospia on the right side; Visual Field loss

Which receptors are responsible for the perception of color?

Cones only

____ cells axons make up the optic nerve.

Ganglion

The optic nerve is composed of axons from which kind of cell?

Ganglion Cells

Professor Woodby is lecturing about the fovea. Which is she most likely to say?

It has the greatest perception of detail

Why does the fovea provide the clearest, most detailed visual information?

It has tightly packed receptors

Why do humans perceive faint light better in the periphery of the eye?

More receptors in the periphery than in the fovea funnel input to each ganglion cell.

Lynn was developing film in a room with red light. When she came out of the room, everything looked a little green for a while. Which theory explains why this is happening to her?

Opponent-process theory

The optic nerves from the right and left eye initially meet at the ______.

Optic Chiasm

In the back of each of Teresita's eyes, the axons of her ganglion cells all leave in one large bundle called the ______. As a result, this causes her to experience a _____.

Optic nerve; Blind Spot

Light enters the eye through an opening in the center of the iris called the _____.

Pupil

In what order does visual information pass through the retina?

Receptor Cells, Bipolar Cells, Ganglion Cells

Difficulty distinguishing between ____ and ____ is the most common form of color vision deficiency.

Red;Green

The lateral geniculate nucleus is part of the ____.

Thalamus

If you want to see something in fine detail, you should focus the light on which part of your retina?

The Fovea

According to the Young-Helmholtz theory, what is the basis for color vision?

Three kinds of cones

To see something with her best vision, Lore turned to look directly at it. This was so she could use her foveal vision.

True

Cortical area ____ appears to be where conscious visual perception occurs.

V1

Area ____ is particularly important for color constancy.

V4

The visual paths in the temporal cortex collectively are referred to as the ____. ventral stream

Ventral Stream

According to the law of specific nerve energies, the brain tells the difference between one sensory modality and another by ____.

Which neurons are active

Professor Walker is lecturing about the law of specific nerve energies. She would not tell the class that _____.

although found in different places, the same kind of receptors on neurons are able to detect light and sound.

In comparison to cones, rods ____.

are more sensitive to dim light

In the human retina, messages go from receptors at the back of the eye to ____.

bipolar cells

Parvocellular neurons most likely receive input from ____.

bipolar cells that receive input from cones

Meagan is studying for a quiz on the rods and cones. She writes in her notes that _____ are more ______.

cones; sensitive to detail

The visual path in the parietal cortex is referred to as the ____.

dorsal stream

Which of the following would be easiest for someone who is motion blind?

dressing themselves

In foveal vision, ____.

each ganglion cell is excited by a single cone

The law of specific nerve energies states that ____.

every stimulation of the optic nerve is perceived as light.

Branches of the optic nerve go directly to what areas of the brain?

lateral geniculate and superior colliculus

The optic nerve sends most of its information to the _____ of the _____.

lateral geniculate nucleus; thalamus

Cutting the left optic nerve in front of the optic chiasm would result in blindness in the ____.

left eye

As a human, Lino is really good at detecting motion. This is because of his _____.

magnocellular neurons in the periphery

After you stare at a bright green object for a minute and look away, you see red. Which theory attempts to explain this finding?

opponent-process theory

Which theory of color vision is best able to explain negative color afterimages?

opponent-process theory

According to the trichromatic theory of color vision ____.

our perception of color depends on the relative activity of three types of cones

____ are chemicals that release energy when struck by light.

photopigments

Visual information from the lateral geniculate area goes to the ____.

primary visual cortex

Damage to the dorsal stream may interfere with ____.

reaching out to grasp an object

A person with visual agnosia is unable to ____.

recognize visual objects

In addition to having difficulty recognizing faces, people with prosopagnosia may have difficulty____.

recognizing different kinds of plants and animals

Someone with prosopagnosia has difficulty with ____.

recognizing faces

In order to be able to see things in her periphery, Pauline's _____ need to be activated.

rods

Peripheral vision mainly depends upon ____.

rods

Horizontal cells receive their input from ____, and they send output to ____.

rods and cones; bipolar cells

Corrie is studying for a quiz on the rods and cones. She writes in her notes that _____ are more ______.

rods; sensitive to dim light

Tori has suffered damage to her magnocellular pathway. Now, she has problems with _____.

seeing things in motion

In comparison to the rods, cones are more ____.

sensitive to detail

Damage to the ventral stream may interfere with ____.

the ability to describe the shape or size of an object

Blindsight refers to ____.

the ability to localize visual objects within an apparently blind visual field

If you want to see something in fine detail, you should focus the light on which part of your retina?

the fovea

. Rods are to ____ as cones are to ____.

the periphery; the fovea

Rods are to ____ as cones are to ____.

the periphery;the fovea

Where does the optic nerve send most of its information?

to the lateral geniculate

At the level of rods and cones, the ____ theory seems to fit best, while at the level of the bipolar cells, the ____ theory seems to fit best.

trichromatic; opponent process

The ability of some women to detect slightly finer discriminations of color than other women is most likely due to having ____.

two types of long-wavelength cones

An inability to recognize objects despite otherwise satisfactory vision is called ____.

visual agnosia

According to the law of specific nerve energies, the brain tells the difference between one sensory modality and another by ____.

which neurons are active