Volume 3 Chapter 8

अब Quizwiz के साथ अपने होमवर्क और परीक्षाओं को एस करें!

Over half of all poisonings that occur to children occur in what age​ bracket?

1 year to 5 years

Your patient in cardiac arrest overdosed by ingesting a full bottle of tricyclic antidepressant pills. His rhythm is PEA with a QRS width of 0.18 seconds. Which of the following is a proper​ treatment?

1​ mEq/kg of sodium bicarbonate IV

What time frames do regional poison control centers provide for callers from health care​ providers?

24 hours a​ day, 7 days a week

How many poisonings occur annually in the United​ States, according to the American Association of Poison Control​ Centers?

3 million

Individuals engaged in agricultural and food handling industries are most likely to have what type of mechanism behind a toxic​ exposure?

Absorption

You are preparing to call the poison control center for a child who has ingested all of his​ parent's Inderal and Procardia. What other information may the PCC want in order to provide you the most relevant​information?

Age of the​ victim, amount of medications and time​ ingested, and current physical condition

Which of the following is appropriate management for a patient bitten on a limb by a pit​ viper?

Apply a splint to the limb and immobilize in a neutral position

Your patient has overdosed on his prescribed lithium. What is the medical problem this patient has that would require this​ medication?

Bipolar disorder

What is the underlying pathophysiology that creates the clinical findings consistent with toxic exposure to a caustic​ substance?

Burn injuries at site of contact

Your patient was burned by hydrofluoric acid and is complaining of dyspnea and palpitations. Which of the following medications is most appropriate for treating​ him?

Calcium chloride

It is the middle of winter and you are called to a scene for a​ "sick family." As you​ arrive, the husband meets you at the road and states he has a headache but also that he returned home this morning and found his wife and two children lying on the couch all complaining of​ nausea/vomiting, headaches, and inability to stand. What would be an appropriate action at this​ time?

Call the fire department and have them retrieve the family with breathing equipment on.

You have a patient that was rescued from a​ burning, smoke-filled home and shows a SpCO reading of 28 percent. He is unconscious and you have to make a transport decision. Which of the following facilities is the most​ appropriate?

Closest hospital with a hyperbaric chamber

You are called for a​ "possible overdose." Examination reveals that the patient has a pulse of 112 per minute. Of the​ following, which is most likely to have caused the​ tachycardia?

Cocaine

Your patient took a large overdose of citalopram. Which of the following treatment choices is best for​ her?

Consider benzodiazepines for seizures and external cooling for increased body temperature

Your patient has ingested a large amount of iron supplement chewable tablets. Which of the following is the chelating agent that could be given in the hospital to bind the iron and not allow it to be​ absorbed?

Deferoxamine

What is the most severe form of ethanol withdrawal manifested by altered mental status and sympathetic​overdrive, which can lead to​ mortality?

Delirium tremens

Attempted suicides by individuals often involve what type of​ mechanism?

Drug overdose

Symptoms that include protruding​ tongue, twisted​ neck, deviated​ gaze, and abdominal rigidity should suggest which​ diagnosis?

Dystonic reaction

What should be the primary action when dealing with a patient sprayed with a pesticide that contains an​organophosphate?

Have the patient remove all​ clothing; then use copious amounts of water to flush the patient clear of any more toxin before attempting to touch the patient

Skin exposure to which of the following toxins may be decontaminated by use of water immersion mixed with magnesium​ sulfate, calcium​ salts, or benzethonium​ chloride?

Hydrofluoric acid

What is the most common route of toxin exposure in the pediatric​ population?

Ingestion

Which of the following routes of toxic exposure is most​ common?

Ingestion

You are called to a remote campsite for a patient who is unresponsive. According to family​ members, the patient came back to the camp from walking through the woods looking for some wild onions to cook​ with, and was complaining of severe abdominal pain. The patient then​ vomited, and went in his tent to lie down. Later he was found unresponsive. Given the​ presentation, what would be the type of toxic​exposure?

Ingestion of wild mushrooms

Although toxic exposures can have immediate and delayed​ effects, what type of exposure mechanism would likely start out with pulmonary findings such as​ tachypnea, wheezing, or inspiratory​ crackles?

Inhalation

Which of the following is a route of toxic exposure that results in rapid absorption of a toxic agent across the​ alveolar-capillary membrane?

Inhalation

Toxic overdoses of acetaminophen can cause damage and necrosis to what organ of the​ body?

Liver

You arrive on scene for a patient who has purposely overdosed via ingestion. The empty prescription pill bottle reads​ "ibuprofen, 800​ mg/tab." What drug class would this​ be?

NSAID

When a patient tries to commit suicide by ingesting​ something, why could the signs and symptoms be inconsistent with a single​ diagnosis?

Patients will have ingested more than one toxin to try to kill themselves.

Which of the following statements about the epidemiology of toxic exposures is​ true?

Poisonings have been constantly increasing in incidence and severity over the past several years.

You have a patient who was exposed to cyanide. During your management of this​ patient, which of the following drugs would not be part of the cyanide antidote​ kit?

Pralidoxime

What is the first priority when dealing with a patient suffering from a toxic​ inhalation?

Remove the patient from the source as soon as it is safe to do so

You are managing a patient with suspected CO poisoning from using a kerosene heater in his home during a cold winter night. What is the lowest SpCO reading considered to be objective for initiating treatment for the​ exposure?

SpCO​ >10 percent

For the​ paramedic, regardless of the mechanism by which a patient is exposed to a​ toxin, what should be the most important​ focus?

Supporting any lost vital function secondary to the poisoning

Which of the following is the definition of​ decontamination?

The process of reducing the amount of toxin absorbed into the body

Which of the following statements is most accurate about poison control centers and the types of health care providers who staff​ them?

They employ​ physicians, nurses,​ paramedics, and toxicologists.

What is the basic purpose of poison control centers​ (PCC)?

To provide information about poisonings and treatment recommendations for health care providers

What is a group of signs and symptoms​ and/or characteristic effects associated with exposure to a particular substance or class of substance​ called?

Toxidrome

After being bitten by an unknown​ spider, the patient is now in acute pain with severe muscle​ contraction, hypotension, and labored breathing. How should the paramedic categorize the​ patient's stability in order to make a transport priority​ determination?

Unstable

The majority of adult poisonings and overdoses​ are:

intentional.

The need for an increased amount of a drug to obtain effects previously attained from a lower dose of the same drug is​ called:

tolerance.

The study of toxins​ (drugs and​ poisons) and antidotes and their effects on living organisms​ is:

toxicology.


संबंधित स्टडी सेट्स