W1 Psych Questions
What client assessment data demonstrates parity related to mental health care? The client is admitted for a 72-hour mental hygiene evaluation. Advance practice nurse can be certified as psychiatric nurse specialist. A client's mental health coverage is equal to his/her medical/surgical coverage. A client who has attempted suicide is hospitalized for a mental health evaluation.
A client's mental health coverage is equal to his/her medical/surgical coverage. Parity refers to equivalence that requires insurers who provide mental health coverage to offer annual and lifetime benefits at the same level provided for medical/surgical coverage. None of the other options are associated with mental health insurance coverage.
Which branch of epidemiology is the nurse involved in when seeking outcomes for clients whose depression was treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)? Experimental Descriptive Clinical Analytic
Clinical Clinical epidemiology represents a broad field that addresses what happens to people with illnesses who are seen by providers of clinical care. Studies use traditional epidemiological methods and are conducted in groups that are usually defined by illness or symptoms or by diagnostic procedures or treatments given for the illness or symptoms. None of the other options accurately identify the field that is associated with clinical practice.
Freud believed that individuals cope with anxiety by implementing which mechanism? The superego Defense mechanisms Security operations Cognitive distortions
Defense mechanisms The ego develops defenses or defense mechanisms to ward off anxiety by preventing conscious awareness of threatening feelings. None of the other options were proposed by Freud as a mechanism for dealing with anxiety.
The nurse providing anticipatory operant conditioning guidance to the mother of a toddler should advise that childhood temper tantrums are best handled by which intervention? Giving the child what he/she is asking for Scolding the child when he/she displays tantrum behaviors Spanking the child at the onset of the tantrum behaviors Ignoring the tantrum and giving attention when the child acts appropriately
Ignoring the tantrum and giving attention when the child acts appropriately Ignoring the tantrum provides no reinforcement of the undesirable behavior. Instead, approval and reinforcement are given when the child is behaving in the desired way. This is an example of absence of reinforcement, or extinction.
The mental health status of a particular client can best be assessed by considering which factor? The degree of conformity of the individual to society's norms The degree to which an individual is logical and rational Position placement on a continuum from health to illness Rate of demonstrated intellectual and emotional growth
Position placement on a continuum from health to illness Many (but not all) of the most prevalent and disabling mental disorders have been found to have strong biological influences. Therefore, these disorders can be regarded as "diseases." Visualizing these disorders along the mental health continuum is helpful.
A client states, "I will always be alone because nobody could ever love me." The nurse recognizes that the client is expressing what cognitive-behavioral concept? Emotional consequence Schema Actualization Aversion
Schema Schemas are unique assumptions about ourselves, according to Beck's theory. This statement is an example of a negative schema. Emotional consequence is the end result of negative thinking process, as described by Ellis. Actualization is a level of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. Aversion is a therapy characterized by punishment.
Which theorist is associated with behavioral therapy? Freud Skinner Sullivan Peplau
Skinner B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) represented the second wave of behavioral theorists and is recognized as one of the prime movers behind the behavioral movement.
A nursing diagnosis for a client with a psychiatric disorder serves what purpose with considering the plan of care? Justifying the use of certain psychotropic medication. Providing data essential for insurance reimbursement. Establishing a framework for selecting appropriate interventions. Completing the medical diagnostic statement.
Establishing a framework for selecting appropriate interventions. Nursing diagnoses provide the framework for identifying appropriate nursing interventions for dealing with the phenomena a client with a mental health disorder is experiencing. While the nursing diagnosis may contribute to the other options, none describe the purpose of the nursing diagnosis.
Consider both Sullivan's term security operations and Freud's term defense mechanisms. Which statement suggests that the client's specialized treatment goal has been successfully met? "I really think I can succeed in school now." "I'm experiencing much less anxiety about school now." "Going back to school is hard and I'll need support." "I know that I'm not the only person who has a difficult time in school."
"I'm experiencing much less anxiety about school now." Both Sullivan and Freud coined terms to mean actions that individuals do that are an attempt to reduce anxiety. The terms do not refer to activities that increase self-esteem. Security operations and defense mechanisms are not conscious and therefore do not increase self-awareness. These terms do not refer to reducing cognitive distortions.
A registered nurse has accepted a position as staff nurse on a psychiatric unit. Which statement made by the nurse requires additional instructions regarding the therapies provided on the unit? "You will participate in unit activities and groups daily." "You will be given a schedule daily of the groups we would like you to attend." "You will attend a psychotherapy group that I lead that will help you care for yourself." "You will see your provider daily in a one-to-one session."
"You will attend a psychotherapy group that I lead that will help you care for yourself." Basic level RNs cannot perform psychotherapy. The other options are all appropriate expectations of a client's schedule on a psychiatric unit.
A nurse's identification badge includes the term, "Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse." A client with a history of paranoia asks, "What does that title mean?" Keeping in mind the diagnosis of the client, how should the nurse respond to this question? "Don't be afraid; it means I'm here to help, not hurt, you." "Psychiatric mental health nurses care for people with mental illnesses." "We have the specialized skills needed to care for those with mental illnesses." "The nurses who work in mental health facilities have that title."
"We have the specialized skills needed to care for those with mental illnesses." A psychiatric mental health nurse has specialized nursing skills and implements the nursing process to manage and deliver nursing care to the mentally ill. The remaining options either do not effectively answer the client's question or assume that the question is the result of the client's paranoia.
A cognitive therapist would help a client restructure the thought "I am stupid!" to which statement? "What I did was stupid." "I am not as smart as others." "Things usually go wrong for me." "Things like this should not happen to anyone."
"What I did was stupid." Cognitive therapists help clients identify, reality test, and correct distorted conceptualizations and dysfunctional beliefs, such as realizing that doing a stupid thing does not mean the person is stupid.
What is the primary source for data collection during a psychiatric nursing assessment? 1. client's own words and actions. 2. client's family and friends. 3. client's nonverbal responses. 4. client's medical treatment records.
1. client's own words and actions. The client should always be considered the primary data source. At times, however, the client will be unable to fulfill this role.
How does Harry Stack Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory view anxiety? An emotional experience felt after the age of 5 years. A sign of guilt in adults. A painful emotion arising from social insecurity. The result of trying to go beyond experiences of guilt and pain.
A painful emotion arising from social insecurity. According to Sullivan, the purpose of all behavior is to get needs met through interpersonal interactions and decrease or avoid anxiety. He viewed anxiety as a key concept and defined it as any painful feeling or emotion arising from social insecurity or blocks to getting biological needs satisfied.
Using Maslow's model of needs, the nurse providing care for an anxious client identifies which intervention as being a priority? Assessing the client's ability to fulfill appropriate developmental level tasks Assessing the client for strengths upon which a nurse-client relationship can be based Planning one-on-one time to assist in identifying the fears trigger the client's anxiety Evaluating the client's ability to learn and retain essential information regarding their current condition
Assessing the client for strengths upon which a nurse-client relationship can be based The value of Maslow's model in nursing practice is twofold. First, the emphasis on human potential and the client's strengths is key to successful nurse-client relationships. The second value lies in establishing what is most important in sequencing of nursing actions in the nurse-client relationship.
What is the premise underlying behavioral therapy? Behavior is learned and can be modified. Behavior is a product of unconscious drives. Motives must change before behavior changes. Behavior is determined by cognitions; change in cognitions produces new behavior.
Behavior is learned and can be modified. The premise underlying behavior therapy is that behavior is learned and can be modified. Behaviorists agree that behavior can be changed without insight into the underlying cause. None of the remaining options are true statements when considering behavioral therapy.
A nurse, active in local consumer mental health groups and in local and state mental health associations, keeps aware of state and national legislation affecting mental illness treatment. How can this nurse positively affect the climate for effective, mental health treatment? By becoming active in politics leading to a potential political career. By educating the public on the effects that stigmatizing has on mental health clients. Advocating for laws that would make the involuntary long-term commitment process easier and faster for caregivers of mentally ill persons. Advocating for reduced mental health insurance benefits to discourage abuse of the system by inappropriate psychiatric admissions.
By educating the public on the effects that stigmatizing has on mental health clients. Nurses who are aware of legislative concerns and who are active in organizations that promote mental health awareness and appropriate and equal treatment for mental illness help achieve the goal of parity, or equality of treatment for mentally ill individuals. Becoming active in politics may be a personal goal but does not directly or necessarily reduce stigma or encourage treatment equality. The other options are undesirable outcomes.
A nurse is providing care to a 28-year-old client diagnosed with bipolar disorder who was admitted in a manic state. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, the nurse should identify which client symptom as having priority? A. Rapid, pressured speech B. Grandiose thoughts C. Lack of sleep D. Hyperactive behavior
C. Lack of sleep Based on Maslow's theory, physiological needs such as food, water, air, sleep, etc., are the priority and must be taken care of first. The other options are symptoms of mania but not as critical as lack of sleep.
Which client problem would be most suited to the use of interpersonal therapy? Disturbed sensory perception Impaired sensory perception Medication noncompliance Dysfunctional grieving
Dysfunctional grieving Interpersonal therapy is considered to be effective in resolving problems of grief, role disputes, role transition, and interpersonal deficit.
The nurse is planning care for a 14-year-old. The nurse demonstrates an understanding of the developmental task appropriate for this client by providing which experience? Spending one-on-one time with staff to establish trust Providing them with the opportunity to select which unit activities they will participate in to gain autonomy Encouraging them to talk about their school plans to help achieve identity Assign them to help clean up the dayroom to develop a sense of industry
Encouraging them to talk about their school plans to help achieve identity According to Erikson, the task of adolescence is to achieve identity rather than to be left in role confusion. A sense of identity is essential to making the transition into adulthood. While appropriate activities none of the options are specifically identified with the developmental task for a 14-year-old.
The nurse planning care for a mentally ill client bases interventions on which concept? 1. Every client has a certain degree of resilience. 2. It is a client right to be treated respectfully. 3. Every client comes with experiences that contribute to their problem. 4. There are universal fears that are shared by all mentally healthy individuals.
Every client has a certain degree of resilience. Nurses are expected to evaluate clients with mental health issues for their strengths and their areas of high functioning. You will find many attributes of mental health in some of your clients with mental health issues. These strengths should be built upon and encouraged. Resilience is the ability and capacity for people to secure the resources they need to support their well-being. None of the remaining options describe concepts that are the foundation for the actual creation of individualized care plans.
Which statement best describes the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, fifth edition (DSM-5) DSM-5? It is a medical psychiatric assessment system. It is a compendium of treatment modalities. It offers a complete list of nursing diagnoses. It suggests common interventions for mental disorders.
It is a medical psychiatric assessment system. The DSM-5 is a classification of mental disorders that includes descriptions and criteria of diagnoses. None of the other options are accurate descriptions.
The nurse is caring for an adult client who experienced severe physical abuse from the age of 2 through 12. What information should the nurse provide the client concerning the function of the "id" and the ability to function as an adult? It has control over the emotional frustration felt as an adult. It is the source of one's survival instincts. It is severely damaged by abuse experienced before the age of 5 years. It provides an individual with the ability to differentiate believed and real experiences.
It is the source of one's survival instincts. Freud delineated three major and distinct but interactive systems of the human personality. At birth we are all id. The id is the source of all drives, instincts, reflexes, needs, genetic inheritance, and capacity to respond as well as all the wishes that motivate us. The id provides an individual with the instincts to survive the emotional trauma associated with physical abuse. None of the other statements accurately describes the id's role in adult functioning.
Which severe mental illness has a prevalence of over 6% among the populace of the United States? (Select all that apply.) Generalized anxiety disorder Major depressive disorder Alzheimer's Disease Social phobia Bipolar disorder A personality disorder
Major depressive disorder Bipolar disorder Data suggests that prevalence among the US populace is: Alzheimer's disease 10% (65 years and older), any personality disorder 9.1%, Social phobia 6.8%, Major depressive disorder 6.7% . The prevalence of Bipolar disorder is 2.6% while Generalized anxiety disorder is 3.1
The nurse is working with a client experiencing depression stemming from low self-esteem. The client is distrustful of unit staff and "just wants to go home." Initially what is the nurse's priority? Making the client feel physically and emotionally safe Teaching the client effective coping skills Identifying the client's positive traits Focusing on preparing the client for a speedy discharge
Making the client feel physically and emotionally safe Maslow describes safety as a basic need, meaning that it is so basic to existence that it must be resolved to reduce the tension associated with it. These needs have the greatest strength and must be satisfied before a person turns his attention to higher level needs.
A client tells the mental health nurse "I am terribly frightened! I hear whispering in my head that someone is going to kill me." Which criteria of mental health can the nurse assess as lacking? Self-control Rational thinking Learning and productivity Positive self-concept
Rational thinking The ability to think rationally is lacking for this client. The client does not have an accurate picture of what is happening that is based on reliable cognitive thinking. The statement fails to meet the criteria for any of the other options.
An individual is found to consistently wear only a bathrobe and neglect the cleanliness of his apartment. When neighbors ask him to stop his frequent outbursts of operatic arias, he acts outraged and tells them he must sing daily and will not promise to be quieter. This behavior supports what conclusion about this client? The client is demonstrating symptoms of bipolar disorder. The client is demonstrating socially deviant behavior. The client is engaging in egocentric behaviors. The client is not conforming with social norms.
The client is not conforming with social norms. Behavior that deviates from socially accepted norms does not indicate a mental illness unless there is significant disturbance in mental functioning.
What term is used to identify the quantitative study of the distribution of mental disorders in human populations? A. mortality B. prevalence C. epidemiology D. clinical epidemiology
epidemiology Epidemiology is the quantitative study of the distribution of mental disorders in human populations. Mortality refers to deaths. Prevalence refers to the proportion of a population with a mental disorder at a given time. Clinical epidemiology deals with what happens to people with illnesses who are seen by providers of care.
According to Freud, a client experiencing dysfunction of the conscious as part of the mind will have problems with which aspect of memory? Recent memory Long-term memory All memories Painful memories
All memories Freud described the conscious part of the mind as containing all of the material that the person is aware of at any one time and so as dysfunction of the conscious mind involves all memories.
Role-playing is associated with which type of psychotherapy? Psychoanalysis Modeling Operant conditioning Systematic desensitization
Modeling In modeling, the therapist provides a role model for specific identified behaviors, and the client learns through imitation. The therapist may do the modeling, provide another person to model the behaviors, or present a video for the purpose. Some behavior therapists use role-playing in the consulting room for modeling therapy. Demonstration of specific behaviors are not supported by any of the remaining options.
Which nursing statement illustrates the concept of client advocacy? 1. "Dr. Raye, during the admission interview, the client stated they will refuse fluoxetine because of adverse effects they experienced previously." 2. "Dr. Raye, during the admissions interview the client stated that there is a family history of three other suicide attempts in the past." 3. "I'd like you tell me more about your depression and your suicide attempt?" 4. "I will take you on a tour of the unit and orient you to the rules so you can get adjusted here."
1. "Dr. Raye, during the admission interview, the client stated they will refuse fluoxetine because of adverse effects they experienced previously." By letting the provider know that the client does not want the treatment the provider is prescribing, you have advocated for the client and her right to make decisions regarding her treatment. The other selections do not describe client advocacy since they do not represent actions by the nurse that the client is incapable of on their own.
According to current information what factor is associated with the most disabling mental disorders? 1. Biological influences 2. Psychological trauma 3. Learned ways of behaving 4. Faulty patterns of early nurturance
1. Biological influences Biological and genetic factors influence mental health. The biologically influenced illnesses include schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, obsessive-compulsive and panic disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and autism. Therefore many (but not all) of the most prevalent and disabling mental disorders have been found to have strong biological influences. Psychological trauma, learned behaviors, and faulty patterns of nurturance may contribute to some forms of mental illness, but they are not major factors in most disabling mental disorders.
What principle forms the basis of nursing outcome planning? 1. Individuals have the right to outcomes that is reflective of their abilities. 2. Nursing interventions are designed to solve individuals' problems for them. 3. The goal of nursing action is to create a dependency between the client and the caregiver. 4. Nurses have the best understanding of client problems and so they direct outcome selection.
1. Individuals have the right to outcomes that is reflective of their abilities. Outcome criteria are the hoped-for outcomes that reflect the maximal level of patient health that the patient can realistically achieve through nursing interventions. None of the other options accurately describes the guiding principle of outcome planning.
The client's priority nursing diagnosis has been established as risk for self-directed violence: suicide related to multiple losses. What is the priority outcome for this client? 1. Refrain from attempting suicide. 2. Be placed on suicide precautions. 3. Attend self-help group daily. 4. State absence of feelings of powerlessness.
1. Refrain from attempting suicide. Refraining from suicidal attempts is the only outcome that addresses the risk for self-directed violence. The absence of a feeling of powerlessness is not appropriate for the stated nursing diagnosis. The remaining options are interventions.
Which nursing intervention demonstrates the theory behind operant conditioning? 1. Rewarding the client with a token for avoiding an argument with another client 2. Showing the client how to be assertive without being aggressive 3. Demonstrating deep breathing techniques to a group of clients 4. Explaining to the client the consequences of not following unit rules
1. Rewarding the client with a token for avoiding an argument with another client Operant conditioning is the basis for behavior modification and uses positive reinforcement to increase desired behaviors. For example, when desired goals are achieved or behaviors are performed, clients might be rewarded with tokens. These tokens can be exchanged for food, small luxuries, or privileges. This reward system is known as a token economy. None of the remaining options demonstrate reward for positive behaviors, climate, and structure, for healing.
Which client statement demonstrates the mental health concept of resilience? 1. "My mother made decisions about my husband's funeral when I just couldn't do that." 2. "Losing my job was hard but my skills will help me get another one." 3. "In spite of all the treatment, I know I'll never be really healthy." 4. "My kids, happiness is worth any sacrifice I have to make."
2. "Losing my job was hard but my skills will help me get another one." Resilience is a characteristic that helps individuals cope with loss and trauma that may occur in life. Dependence is described as relying on others for decision making and care. Pessimism is a life philosophy that things are more likely to go wrong than right. Altruism is described as putting others before yourself.
The nurse is conducting an admission interview with a client who was raped 2 weeks ago. When asked about the rape, the client becomes very anxious and upset and begins to sob. What should be the nurse's response to the client's reaction? 1. Push gently for more information about the rape because the information needs to be documented. 2. Acknowledge that the topic of the rape is upsetting and reassure the client that it can be discussed at another time when she feels more comfortable. 3. Use silence as a therapeutic tool and wait until the client is done sobbing to continue discussing the rape. 4. Reassure the client that anything she says to you will remain confidential.
2. Acknowledge that the topic of the rape is upsetting and reassure the client that it can be discussed at another time when she feels more comfortable. The best atmosphere for conducting an assessment is one with minimal anxiety on the client's part. If a topic causes distress, it is best to abandon the topic at that time. It is important not to pry or push for information that is difficult for the client to discuss. The use of silence continues to expect the client to discuss the topic now. Reassurance of confidentiality continues to expect the client to discuss the topic now.
How can a nurse best differentiate whether an Asian client is demonstrating a mental illness after having attempted suicide? 1. Ask the client whether he views himself as being depressed. 2. Identify the client's culture's view regarding suicide. 3. Explain that suicide is often regarded as a desperate act. 4. Assess the client for other examples of depressive behaviors.
2. Identify the client's culture's view regarding suicide. One approach to differentiating mental health from mental illness is to consider what a particular culture regards as acceptable or unacceptable. In this view, the mentally ill are those who violate social norms and thus threaten (or make anxious) those observing them. For example, traditional Japanese may consider suicide to be an act of honor, and Middle Eastern "suicide bombers" are considered holy warriors or martyrs. Contrast these viewpoints with Western culture, where people who attempt or complete suicides are nearly always considered mentally ill. While the remaining options are appropriate interventions, they fail to address the possible cultural component of the client's behavior.
What three structural components comprise a nursing diagnosis? 1. Problem, outcome, intervention 2. Problem, probable cause, supporting data 3. Unmet need, goal, outcome criterion 4. Presenting symptom, treatment, goal
2. Problem, probable cause, supporting data Nursing diagnostic statements are made up of the following structural components: problem/potential problem, probable cause, amd supporting data.
A 43-year-old client being seen in the mental health clinic states, "I have always been a practicing Jew, but in the past few months I am questioning everything. I just don't know if I believe in it anymore." Which of the following nursing diagnoses best describes the client's comment? 1. Ineffective coping 2. Spiritual distress 3. Risk for self-harm 4. Hopelessness
2. Spiritual distress The client is expressing distress regarding his religion and spiritual well-being. The client could be experiencing ineffective coping, but this does not directly relate to his comment. There is nothing in the client's comment that would lead to the conclusion that the client is having thoughts of harming himself or experiencing hopelessness.
A 17-year-old client confides to the nurse that they have been thinking of ways to kill a peer. What response should the nurse give when the client states, "you have to keep it a secret because its confidential information"? 1. "I will keep it a secret, but you and I need to discuss ways to deal with this situation appropriately without committing a crime." 2. "Yes, I will keep it confidential. We have laws to protect clients' confidentiality." 3. "Issues of this kind have to be shared with the treatment team and your parents." 4. "I will have to share this with the treatment team, but we will not share it with your parents."
3. "Issues of this kind have to be shared with the treatment team and your parents." Although adolescent clients request confidentiality, issues of sexual abuse, threats of suicide or homicide, or issues that put the client at risk for harm must be shared with the treatment team and the parents. A threat of this nature must be discussed with the treatment team and the parents. Confidentiality laws do not protect information that would lead to harm to the client or others.
A 26-year-old client is brought to the emergency room by a friend. The client is unable to give any coherent history. Which response should the nurse provide when the client's friend offers to provide information regarding the client? 1. "I'm sorry, but I cannot take any information from you as it would violate confidentiality laws." 2. "There is no need for that as I will call his primary care provider to obtain the information we need." 3. "Yes, I will be happy to get any information and history that you can provide." 4. "Yes, however, we will have to get a release signed from the client for you to be able to talk with me."
3. "Yes, I will be happy to get any information and history that you can provide." The friend is a secondary source of information that will be helpful since the client is not able to give any history or information at this time. Confidentiality laws do not prohibit obtaining information from a secondary source. The friend can provide information and/or history immediately and may be able to relate events that happened just before coming to the hospital. A release would not be necessary to take information about the client from a secondary source, and a psychotic client would not be competent to sign a release.
A nurse is about to interview an older client whose glasses and hearing aid were placed in the bedside drawer for safe keeping. Before beginning the interview, which nursing intervention that will best facilitate data collection? 1. Ask the client if she needs her glasses and hearing aid. 2. Give the client her glasses and hearing aid. 3. Assist the client in putting on glasses and hearing aid. 4. Explain the importance of wearing her hearing aid and glasses.
3. Assist the client in putting on glasses and hearing aid. A client whose hearing or sight is impaired may have difficulty providing information if these items have been removed from his or her possession. Assisting the client in wearing these assistive devices is the best initial intervention. None of the other options will be as effective in facilitating the interview.
The mental status examination aids in the collection of what type of data? 1. Covert 2. Physical 3. Objective 4. Subjective
3. Objective The mental status exam mostly aids in the collection of objective data.
The nurse being aware that certain mental illnesses have a prevalence among a specific gender, will suspect which statement was made by a female client? (Select all that apply.) 1. "I freeze in panic when I see a spider." 2. "There is no way I could make a presentation to a group of people." 3. "I'm so anxious, about everything." 4. "I've been arrested 6 times in the last 15 years." 5. "I've been depressed most of my adult life."
4. "I've been arrested 6 times in the last 15 years." 5. "I've been depressed most of my adult life." Antisocial personality disorder, characterized by repeated illegal behavior, is more commonly diagnosed in men while major depressive disorder, characterized by chronic feelings of sadness negatively impacts life, is more common among women.
Which response should the nurse provide a client who asks, "Why you need to conduct an assessment interview"? 1. "I need to find out more about you and the way you think in order to best help you." 2. "The assessment interview lets you have an opportunity to express your feelings." 3. "You are able to tell me in detail about your past so that we can determine why you are experiencing mental health alterations." 4. "We will be able to form a relationship together where we can discuss the current problems and come up with goals and a plan for treatment."
4. "We will be able to form a relationship together where we can discuss the current problems and come up with goals and a plan for treatment." Some of the purposes of the assessment interview are to establish rapport, learn more about the presenting issues, and form mutual goals and a plan for treatment. The other options do not appropriately explain the assessment purpose.
The nurse best assesses the client's spiritual life by asking which question? 1. "Do you practice a specific religion?" 2. "To whom do you turn in times of crisis?" 3. "Do you attend church regularly?" 4. "What role does religion play in your life?"
4. "What role does religion play in your life?" Asking the client to define the role of religion in their life allows for discussion related to the other topics.
Which criterion is NOT essential when the nurse plans nursing interventions designed to meet a specific goal? 1. Safe 2. Evidence based 3. Individualized 4. Economical 5. Realistic
4. Economical Although expense should be considered, interventions are chosen based on being safe, compatible and appropriate, realistic and individualized, and evidence based and not on their economic value.
Which nursing diagnosis for a psychiatric client is correctly structured and worded? 1. Hopelessness related to severe chronic depression 2. Spiritual distress as evidenced by client stating "God has abandoned me because I'm a bad person" 3. Defensive coping related to lack of insight associated with illicit drug use 4. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to poor self-concept as evidenced by reporting "I'm not worthy of eating"
4. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to poor self-concept as evidenced by reporting "I'm not worthy of eating" This diagnosis contains all the required components: problem statement, related factors, and defining characteristics.
A nurse expresses an exclusive belief in the biological model for mental illness when stating "it's the only one I really believe." What conclusion should be drawn from this statement? 1. The biological model is the oldest and most reliable model for explaining mental illness. 2. The biological model has been proven to be successful in finding the cause of most symptoms of mental illness. 3. The biological model is the most popular theory among leading psychiatrists and therefore the one that should be fully embraced. 4. In believing only in the biological model, other influences on mental health including cultural, environmental, social, and spiritual influences are not taken into account.
4. In believing only in the biological model, other influences on mental health including cultural, environmental, social, and spiritual influences are not taken into account. In believing only in the biological model to the exclusion of other theories and perspectives, influences such as educational, social, spiritual, cultural, environmental, and economic are not considered, and these have also been proven to play a part in mental health and mental illness. The other options are untrue.
Which tool can the novice nurse might refer to when writing nursing outcomes? 1. North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) 2. Joint Commission (formally JCAHO) 3. Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) 4. International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP)
4. International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) International Classification for Nursing Practice ([ICNP], 2017) provides a classification of nursing diagnoses. In addition to these diagnoses, the INCP also provides nursing interventions, and nursing outcomes. That is not the function of any of the other options.
