[W5] Specific Neurodegenerative Disorders

What baseline labs should be obtained for a patient who has been prescribed carbidopa-levodopa?

CBC LFT Prolactin level Pregnancy test

The duration of action for transdermal rivastigmine is ______________ hours.

24

A nurse administers oral carbidopa-levodopa to a patient who has tremors from Parkinson's disease. What duration of action does the nurse expect to see for this medication?

5 hours

A family member states, "My father complains of an upset stomach after taking rivastigmine." Which would be an appropriate response by the nurse?

"Make sure he takes the medication with food."

What information should the nurse include in patient teaching for a patient taking extended-release carbidopa-levodopa?

"Do not abruptly stop taking this medication." "You may continue to have symptoms for several weeks or months " "You may experience discolored urine or dark perspiration while taking this medication."

The nurse is providing education to a patient taking carbidopa-levodopa. Which statement by the nurse correctly explains why the patient should take this medication with low-protein foods?

"High-protein foods interfere with transportation of this medication to the central nervous system."

What correct statement should the nurse include in patient teaching related to carbidopa-levodopa and symptoms of dyskinesia?

"It may take weeks or months before your symptoms are controlled."

Which information related to rivastigmine should the nurse teach Mrs. Hill?

"Rise slowly from sitting or lying positions, as orthostatic hypotension can occur."

During patient discharge, a family member states to the nurse, "My mother's Alzheimer's disease can be cured." How should the nurse respond?

"The symptoms may be treated, but the disease itself cannot be cured." NOT SURE

A patient who is currently taking an antihypertensive drug for renal artery stenosis has also been prescribed carbidopa-levodopa for the beginning stages of Parkinson's disease. The patient states, "I'm applying for a job where I would be operating a backhoe." What teaching should the nurse provide for the patient?

"These medications together may increase your risk for hypotension, so you will need to use caution when operating heavy machinery."

Which instruction ismost important for the nurse to include when teaching a patient who has been prescribed sustained-released carbidopa-levodopa?

"Watch for adverse effects such as dizziness and drowsiness."

Match the drug class with the mechanism of action.

Affect dopamine content of the brain Dopaminergics Stimulate dopamine receptors of nerve cells in the brain Dopamine agonists Inhibit activity of acetylcholine Anticholinergics Inhibit activity of monoamine oxidase MAO-B inhibitors

A nurse is providing a teaching plan for a patient who is taking carbidopa-levodopa and selegiline, an MAOI. Which foods should the nurse tell the patient to avoid?

Aged cheeses, red wines, and bananas

The nurse is preparing to administer rivastigmine to a patient who has been admitted with worsening symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. The order states to administer 8 mg bid, and the pharmacy sends four 2-mg tablets for the am dose. What should the nurse do first?

Call the health care provider for an order change

Which statement about the mechanism of action of carbidopa is true?

Carbidopa has no therapeutic effect on its own.

Which statement correctly explains the action of carbidopa-levodopa?

Carbidopa prevents levodopa decarboxylation in the periphery, resulting in more levodopa being transported to the brain.

Which statement about carbidopa-levodopa is correct?

Carbidopa-levodopa should not be stopped abruptly.

What potential side effect of carbidopa-levodopa should the nurse teach the patient and family to report to the health care provider?

Dyskinesia

Which nursing diagnosis is highest priority for a nurse who is caring for a patient taking carbidopa-levodopa for Parkinson's disease?

Impaired physical mobility related to dizziness

To evaluate the effectiveness of dopaminergic agents, the nurse should assess for which condition?

Improvement in balance, gait, and mobility

A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of an Alzheimer patient's drug regimen. Which assessment finding by the nurse would indicate that the medicine is effective?

Improvement in mental status

Which statement best explains the therapeutic effect of rivastigmine?

Improves memory

A patient has been taking carbidopa-levodopa for many years. During assessment, the nurse finds that the patient presents with hand tremors, drooling, and a mask-like facial expression. What action by the health care provider should the nurse anticipate?

Increase in medication dosage

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a history of COPD and a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The nurse knows that theophylline and rivastigmine have what effect on the patient when given together?

Increase the risk for theophylline toxicity

Which intervention related to family members who are preparing to bring their mother with Alzheimer's disease home from the hospital would be the highest priority for the nurse?

Instruct the family members to remove obstacles from the patient's path to prevent falls and injuries if she should wander

Which statement about rivastigmine is correct?

It is contraindicated in patients with liver disease.

Which factor in a patient's health history is most important for the nurse to consider with regard to the patient's treatment plan?

Liver disease

Which side effects should the nurse teach Mrs. Hill to expect while taking rivastigmine?

Nausea Diarrhea Anorexia Headache

What statement is correct about the pharmacokinetics of topical rivastigmine?

Onset of action is 0.5 to 1 hour

Which statement correctly explains the action of rivastigmine?

Permits more acetylcholine in the neuron receptors

When instructing patients and family members about rivastigmine, the nurse should teach that which adverse effect is considered life threatening and is a priority?

Suicidal ideation

Which is a correct therapeutic goal for treatment of Parkinson's Disease?

To improve the patient's ability to carry out activities of daily living

Which route of administration for rivastigmine results in a peak concentration between 8 and 16 hours?

Transdermal

Where does the excretion of carbidopa-levodopa occur?

Urine