Water Chemistry

What are three properties of water that make it important for life?

-can expand when frozen -cohesive/adhesive -high specific heat

What happens when salt is added to water?

When the salt is added to the water the overall mass of the water becomes lighter. This is because salt is heaver than water, so when the salt is added to the water some of the water evaporates. It breaks the ionic bonds.

Do hydrogen atoms and chloride ions form hydrogen bonds?

Yes-they have a balanced amount of valence electrons

What is the intramolecular force that holds the hydrogen and oxygen atoms together in one water molecule?

Ionic bonds

polarity

Molecules having uneven distribution of charges

Are chloride ions positively or negatively charged?

Negative-there are more electrons than protons

Intermolecular

forces between molecules

Are sodium ions positively or negatively charged?

positive-more protons than electrons

capillary action

the attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid

surface tension

the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and that tends to minimize the area of the surface

adhesion

water sticks to other things

hydrogen bonds

weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom

What is the intermolecular force that holds two water molecules together?

Covalent bonds

What is the chemical formula for water?

H₂O

Is water polar or non-polar?

Polar because the molecules are cohesive.

What does the 2 in H20 mean

There are 2 atoms of hydrogen

What happens when two water molecules bump into each other?

They stick together

Why do two water molecules stick together?

They stick together because water is cohesive, meaning water molecules stick to other water molecules.

high specific heat

Water can absorb lots of heat before changing temperature

cohesion

Water molecules sticking to each other.

intramolecular

bonding forces that hold the atoms of a molecule together

What happens to sodium and chlorine ions when when salt is added to water?

bonds form between the ions of sodium and chlorine molecules